Margaret Hilda Thatcher,Baroness Thatcher,was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990 and Leader of the Conservative Party from 1975 to 1990. The longest-serving British prime minister of the 20th century,she was the first woman to hold that office. As prime minister,she implemented policies that became known as Thatcherism. A Soviet journalist dubbed her the "Iron Lady",a nickname that became associated with her uncompromising politics and leadership style.
Thatcherism is a form of British conservative ideology named after Conservative Party leader Margaret Thatcher. The term has been used to describe the principles of the British government under Thatcher from the 1979 general election to her resignation in 1990,and continuing into the Conservative governments under John Major and David Cameron. Proponents of Thatcherism are referred to as Thatcherites.
Claire Margaret Ward is a Labour Party politician. She served as the Member of Parliament for Watford from 1997 to 2010,and was a Parliamentary Under Secretary of State at the Ministry of Justice from 2009 to 2010.
The IBEX 35 is the benchmark stock market index of the Bolsa de Madrid,Spain's principal stock exchange. Initiated in 1992,the index is administered and calculated by Sociedad de Bolsas,a subsidiary of Bolsas y Mercados Españoles (BME),the company which runs Spain's securities markets. It is a market capitalization weighted index comprising the 35 most liquid Spanish stocks traded in the Madrid Stock Exchange General Index and is reviewed twice annually. Trading on options and futures contracts on the IBEX 35 is provided by MEFF,another subsidiary of BME.
Watford is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2019 by Conservative Party representative Dean Russell.
Banco Español de Crédito,S.A.,“Spanish Credit Bank”) better known as Banesto,was a Spanish multinational financial services company. Prior to the Spanish Government's historical intervention in 1993,the very first in the history of banking,Banesto was the third-largest financial group in Spain,operating around 1,770 branches,as well as the fifth-largest company of the IBEX 35. The ambitious capital increase planned in 1993 by its Executive Chairman Mario Conde together with J.P. Morgan's vice-president Roberto Mendoza became the biggest restructuring plan in the history of Europe,involving asset sales and a rights issue of US$1.2 billion,after which Banesto was expected to become the largest financial firm in Europe. Although initially accepted by the Bank of Spain,it was later frustrated following intervention on the basis of financial transparency.
Banco Santander,S.A.,doing business as Santander Group,is a Spanish multinational financial services company based in Madrid and Santander in Spain. Additionally,Santander maintains a presence in all global financial centres as the 16th-largest banking institution in the world. Although known for its European banking operations,it has extended operations across North and South America,and more recently in continental Asia. It is considered a systemically important bank by Financial Stability Board.
Sir George Arthur Gardiner was a British Conservative Party politician and journalist. Two months before the 1997 general election he defected to the Referendum Party,becoming the only MP it ever had. The party dissolved later that year.
Candeleda is a town and municipality located in the province of Ávila,in the autonomous community of Castile and León,Spain. According to the 2011 INE census,the municipality has a population of 5,213 inhabitants,making it the fifth largest municipality in the province after Ávila –the capital–,Arévalo,Arenas de San Pedro and Las Navas del Marqués. The town is located on the southern hillside of the Gredos mountains,432 m above sea level,giving it a microclimate with a thermal regime of mild winters and hot summers and average summer temperatures of 26 °C.
Ana Patricia Botín-Sanz de Sautuola O'Shea,DBE is a Spanish banker who has served as the executive chairman of Santander Group since 2014. She is the fourth generation of the Botín family to hold this role. Prior to this she was chief executive officer (CEO) of Santander UK,a role she held from December 2010 until her assumption of the chairmanship.
The Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals is a Spanish political party founded in Bilbao on 24 February 2003. It is focused on animal rights and animal welfare,as a part of the requirement of respect for the right to life. Although its headquarters were initially in Barcelona,it is now established in Madrid.
Bullfighting is a physical contest that involves a bullfighter and animals attempting to subdue,immobilize,or kill a bull,usually according to a set of rules,guidelines,or cultural expectations.
The 1891 Spanish general election was held on Sunday,1 February and on Sunday,15 February 1891,to elect the 5th Restoration Cortes of the Kingdom of Spain. All 401 seats in the Congress of Deputies were up for election,as well as 180 of 360 seats in the Senate. The electorate consisted of about 27.3% of the country's population.
Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria,S.A.,better known by its initialism BBVA,is a Spanish multinational financial services company based in Madrid and Bilbao,Spain. It is one of the largest financial institutions in the world,and is present mainly in Spain,South America,North America,Turkey,and Romania.
Grupo Financiero Santander México,S.A.B. de C.V. is a Mexican banking group and a subsidiary of Spanish bank Banco Santander.
Ortún Velázquez de Velasco was a Spanish conquistador. He is known as the co-founder and first governor of Pamplona in the Norte de Santander department of Colombia,which borders Venezuela.
Martín Galeano was a Spanish conquistador of Genovese descent who is known as the founder of the towns of Vélez,Oiba and Charaláin Santander,Colombia. He took part in the expedition of the Spanish conquest of the Muisca led by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada. After the foundation of Bogotá,he was sent northwards into Guane territories.
Antonio de Lebrija was born in 1507,in Alcántara,Extremadura,Spain;and died in 1540,in Brozas,also in Extremadura. He was a Spanish conquistador who participated in the Spanish conquest of the Muisca and the Chimila peoples. He was the treasurer of the conquest expedition which left Santa Marta in April 1536 following the high quality salt trail,the Camino de la Sal,along the Suárez River up the slopes of the Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes towards the Muisca Confederation.
Francisco Luzón López was a Spanish banker and economist. He assisted in transforming Spanish and Latin American banking over the last thirty years,leading banks such as Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria and Banco Santander. Luzón was diagnosed with ALS in October 2013 and created the Fundación Francisco Luzón to fund ALS research.
The Gang of 25 or the Group of 25 was a cohort of British Conservative Party backbench members of Parliament (MPs) that threatened to vote against prime minister Margaret Thatcher's 1981 Autumn Statement. The statement contained monetarist measures to control inflation. Similar measures introduced since 1979 had reduced inflation but caused job losses in the manufacturing sector.
