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Meteorological history | |
---|---|
Formed | September 17,1953 |
Dissipated | September 27,1953 |
Unknown-strength storm | |
10-minute sustained (JMA) | |
Lowest pressure | 900 hPa (mbar);26.58 inHg |
Category 5-equivalent super typhoon | |
1-minute sustained (SSHWS/JTWC) | |
Highest winds | 280 km/h (175 mph) |
Overall effects | |
Fatalities | 393 |
Missing | 85 |
Areas affected | Japan |
IBTrACS | |
Part of the 1953 Pacific typhoon season |
Typhoon Tess was a typhoon that caused great damage to Japan (especially the Kinki region) in September 1953 while Japan was still in the middle of post-war recovery. [1] [2] [3] The name 'Typhoon Tess' has been attributed to eleven other tropical cyclones.
On September 16,a weak tropical cyclone formed in the eastern Caroline Islands. [4] It remained relatively weak until around the September 21,but on the 22nd it strengthened rapidly. The pressure of Typhoon Tess was 993 millibars (29.3 inHg) at 9:00 (JST) on the same day,and dropped to 900mb at 15:00 JST. [5] Such a sudden increase in power is extremely rare.[ citation needed ] This pressure drop corresponds to the largest of Pacific typhoons since 1951. [6] [7] Tess finally crossed the Shima Peninsula and made landfall to Aichi Prefecture on the September 25. [1]
The number of people killed by Tess was 393,while 85 were missing. [1] [3] Japan suffered some large-scale disasters with more than 1,000 of casualties. When compared to the June 1953 North Kyushu flood and Wakayama flood,the damage caused by Typhoon Tess was relatively mild but still destructive,with 86,398 houses are destroyed,495,875 flooded houses,318,657 hectares of damaged agricultural fields and 5,582 damaged ships. [3]
Storm surge damages caused by a large number of typhoons were interfering with Japan's post-war recovery,especially Typhoon Tess of 1953. [8] The history of Japan's modern typhoon-induced coastal disaster prevention works began with Typhoon Tess and led to the enactment of the Coast Act in 1956. [9]
The 1953 Pacific typhoon season has no official bounds;it ran year-round in 1953,but most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between June and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.
Typhoon Bart,known in the Philippines as Typhoon Oniang,was a powerful and destructive typhoon that occurred during the 1999 Pacific typhoon season. It was the only super typhoon of that year. Bart reached "super typhoon" status on September 22,when it grew to comprise winds containing a force of 260 km/h (160 mph).
Typhoon Damrey,known in the Philippines as Typhoon Labuyo,was a typhoon that hit Vietnam and China in September 2005. The typhoon was the most powerful storm to affect Hainan in over 30 years,killing more than 113 people.
Typhoon Ruth was a typhoon that hit Japan in October 1951.
Typhoon Marie,as known as the Tōya Maru Typhoon in Japan,was a typhoon that hit Japan in September 1954. Marie did a great deal of damage to Hokkaido,and the Tōya Maru train ferry sank due to the high waves and windstorm caused by Marie. Because of it,JMA in Japan named the storm Tōya Maru Typhoon.
Typhoon Kathleen was a typhoon that approached Japan in September 1947. Kathleen brought record heavy rain at the time,causing major destruction in the Kanto region.
Typhoon Kai-tak,also known in the Philippines as Typhoon Edeng,was a typhoon that formed in July 2000 and brought severe impacts to the Philippines and Taiwan.
Typhoon Della,known in Japan as the 3rd Miyakojima Typhoon and in the Philippines as Typhoon Maring,was a typhoon that struck Miyakojima of Ryukyu Islands and KyūshūIsland in September 1968.
Typhoon Jongdari was a strong,long-lived and erratic tropical cyclone that impacted Japan and East China in late July and early August 2018. Formed as the twelfth named storm of the 2018 typhoon season near Okinotorishima on July 24,Jongdari gradually intensified and developed into the fourth typhoon of the year on July 26. Influenced by an upper-level low and a subtropical ridge,Jongdari executed a rare counter-clockwise southeast of Japan on the next day. At that time,it also reached peak intensity. The typhoon made landfall in Kii Peninsula,over Mie Prefecture of Japan locally early on July 29.
Typhoon Jebi,known in the Philippines as Super Typhoon Maymay,was the costliest typhoon in Japan's history in terms of insured losses. Jebi formed from a tropical disturbance south-southwest of Wake Island on August 26 and became the twenty-first named storm of the 2018 Pacific typhoon season on August 27. Amid favorable environmental conditions,Jebi quickly strengthened into a typhoon on August 29 as it headed west and rapidly intensified as it passed the Northern Mariana Islands on August 30. Jebi reached its peak intensity as a Category 5-equivalent typhoon on August 31,with 10-minute sustained winds of 195 km/h (120 mph),1-minute sustained winds of 285 km/h (180 mph),and a minimum pressure of 915 hPa. Afterwards,Jebi began a slow weakening trend as it turned northwest,briefly passing through the Philippine Area of Responsibility on September 2. Jebi accelerated north-northeast towards Japan on September 3 as it interacted with the westerlies,and made landfalls over Shikoku and near Kobe early on September 4. Jebi quickly weakened over land and became an extratropical cyclone later that day over the Sea of Japan. Its remnants moved over the Russian Far East before dissipating on September 9.
Typhoon Francisco was a small tropical cyclone that impacted Japan and the Korean Peninsula in August 2019. Originating from a trough over the open Pacific Ocean on July 29,Francisco developed into a tropical depression on August 1. Tracking along a northwest course toward Japan,the system steadily intensified over the following days. It attained typhoon strength on August 5 and soon struck Kyushu at peak strength with winds of 130 km/h (80 mph). Thereafter,the weakened storm traversed the Korea Strait before striking South Korea on August 6. Turning toward the east,Francisco transitioned into an extratropical cyclone on August 7. It later impacted Hokkaido before continuing across the northern Pacific and dissipating.
Typhoon Vicki,known in the Philippines as Typhoon Gading,was a typhoon that was notable for having a strange eastward-northeastward track through the Philippines and Japan. The eleventh tropical depression,seventh named tropical storm and fourth typhoon of the inactive 1998 Pacific typhoon season,Vicki originated from an area of disturbed weather in the South China Sea.
Typhoon Georgia was one of the more impactful typhoons that struck Japan,as well as one of the few observed tropical cyclones that made direct landfall in Russia as a tropical storm. A low pressure system formed in the vicinity of Guam on August 10 which formed Tropical Depression Fran,and a new low-level center formed from a fracture of a trough that split newly formed tropical depression in the midnight of August 12. The newly formed low level center was classified as a tropical storm and was named Georgia hours later by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center. The new tropical storm was tracked by Japan Meteorological Agency shortly afterwards and Georgia rapidly intensified into a typhoon. On the next day,Georgia further intensified after passing Chichi Jima and reached peak sustained winds of 110 knots (57 m/s) while quickly accelerating in the north-northwest direction before striking Chūbu region in Japan on evening of the same day as a weakening typhoon. After emerging on the Sea of Japan as a tropical storm on August 14,Georgia made landfall in Soviet Union as a tropical storm at the afternoon of the same day,before transforming into an extratropical storm quickly after landfall. Remnants of Georgia was last noted on Heilongjiang,China on August 16.
Typhoon Talim,known in the Philippines as Typhoon Lannie,was an intense and destructive tropical cyclone that affected parts of East Asia,especially Japan,during September 2017. The eighteenth named storm and the sixth typhoon of the 2017 Pacific typhoon season,Talim's origins can be traced back to an area of low-pressure that the Joint Typhoon Warning Center first monitored on September 6. The disturbance was upgraded to a tropical depression by the Japan Meteorological Agency only two days later,and it became a tropical storm on September 9,earning the name Talim. Talim grew stronger over the next few days,eventually becoming a typhoon the next day. Within a favorable environment,the typhoon rapidly intensified after passing through the Ryukyu Islands. However,as it moved eastward,Talim started to weaken due to wind shear,and on September 16,it was downgraded to a tropical storm. The storm passed over Japan,near Kyushu the next day,before becoming extratropical on September 18. The extratropical remnants were last noted by the JMA four days later,before dissipating fully on September 22.
Typhoon Dinah was a tropical cyclone that brought heavy damages to Japan,while leaving 65 fatalities and 70 to be missing,all in that country alone. It is also one of the disasters that happened in the country during the Showa 27 era. The second typhoon of the 1952 Pacific typhoon season,Dinah was first mentioned in weather maps as a tropical depression to the east of Visayas. It gradually organized,becoming a tropical storm on June 21 as it skirted the northeastern Philippines,with the Fleet Weather Center naming it Dinah. It strengthened further to a minimal typhoon as it moved through the Nansei Islands on June 22,before reaching its peak intensity of 140 km/h,as estimated by the Fleet Center. It then weakened shortly,before passing near Shikoku on the next day,then making landfall through the southern part of the Kii Peninsula before gradually weakened further and started to undergo extratropical transition as it moved out of the country on June 24. It then became fully extratropical on the next day.
Typhoon Louise,known in Japan as the Akune Typhoon,was a deadly and destructive tropical cyclone that hit Japan in October 1945,soon after the cessation of World War II. It caused at least 377 deaths and another 74 missing persons,while leaving a wide swath of damage across the country.
Typhoon Ione was a catastrophic and deadly tropical cyclone that left over 512 confirmed deaths and another 326 to be missing as it affected Japan,with the majority of the fatalities coming from the city of Ichinoseki in Iwate Prefecture. It also left a significant trail of damage on the country,just after Typhoon Kathleen devastated the area. The fourteenth named storm and the ninth typhoon of the 1948 Pacific typhoon season,Ione was first seen in weather maps as a tropical storm near the Mariana Islands on September 11. It moved to the northwest,passing through the island country,before strengthening to a typhoon on September 13. It rapidly organized to a Category 4 typhoon and reached its peak intensity on the next day before slowly weakening as it started to approach the Japanese archipelago,while curving to the northeast. It then made landfall on September 16 between the present cities of Tateyama and Kisarazu in Chiba Prefecture as a minimal typhoon. It then passed through the southern coast of Hokkaido,before gradually degraded to a tropical storm as it emerged in the Pacific Ocean on the next day. It then became extratropical,shortly after.
Typhoon Olive was an erratic and slightly long-lived tropical cyclone that impacted Japan and affected Manchuria during early-August 1971. It severely disrupted the 13th World Scout Jamboree,which was being held in Fujinomiya,Shizuoka Prefecture. The twentieth depression,nineteenth named storm,and twelfth typhoon of the 1971 Pacific typhoon season,the system was first noted as an area of circulation in a near-equatorial trough,located to the east of Guam on July 24. After moving through the area,the system took a northward direction due to the influence of a trough. It then commenced a northeast move before organizing,though it didn't strengthen to a tropical depression until July 29. Slow but gradual intensification occurred,becoming a tropical storm in the early hours of July 31 as it moved to the west,before taking a north-northwest track as it intensified to a typhoon on August 2 while approaching the Ryukyu Islands. On the next day,it reached its peak intensity of 155 km/h (95 mph) and an unusually low barometric pressure of 935 mbar,equivalent to a mid-level typhoon as it started to batter the third-largest island of Japan,Kyushu. It then moved to the north,while weakening back to a minimal typhoon before making landfall on the area,with the records pointing it to the east of Nagasaki on August 5. It rapidly weakened while traversing Kyushu,before entering the Sea of Japan. At this time,it passed near the southern part of Korea before curving to the northeast. It then passed near Russian Manchuria before weakening below gale-force,shortly before becoming extratropical as it passed through the La Pérouse Strait on August 9. It then accelerated through the Pacific Ocean before dissipating on the next day.
The September 1929 Philippines typhoon was a destructive tropical cyclone that killed over 200 individuals in the Philippine Islands during the 1929 Pacific typhoon season. It was first noted on August 31 to the east of Manila while moving to the west. It then became a typhoon while turning to the west-northwest,hitting the Bicol Region while recording a minimum barometric pressure of 954.62 hPa early the next day on Polillo,Quezon. After crossing the archipelago,it turned to the northwest before dissipating through the weather maps on September 6.
Typhoon Rex,known in the Philippines as Typhoon Deling,was the 4th named storm in 1998 Pacific typhoon season,and it approached Japan in late August. Rex did not made landfall in Japan,but 22 people were killed in heavy rains in some parts of Japan due to the weather front and Rex.