The Union of Czech mathematicians and physicists (Czech: Jednota českých matematiků a fyziků, JČMF) is one of the oldest learned societies in Czech lands existing to this day. It was founded in 1862 as the Association for free lectures in mathematics and physics (Union of Czech mathematicians). From the beginning, its goal was improvement of teaching physics and mathematics at schools on all levels and of all types and further support and promote the development of those sciences. As a consequence of patriotic efforts, the Association was enlarged in 1869 into the Union of Czech mathematicians and physicists. Members of the Union were largely teachers at high schools and post-secondary learning institutes, and further professors at universities and scientists.
In 1870, the Union started publishing the News of the Union of Czech mathematicians and physicists, which in 1872 gave rise to the Journal for fostering mathematics and physics (Czech: Časopis pro pěstování matematiky a fysiky 1872 to 1950, Časopis pro pěstování matematiky 1950-1990, Mathematica Bohemica since 1990), the very first mathematical journal in Austria-Hungary. Year later, the Union was already publishing textbooks and scientific monographs. After the creation of independent Czechoslovakia (1918) it became a de facto monopoly qualified publisher of textbooks, scientific books, and journals in the area of mathematics and physics.
In early 1950s, the Union had to transfer its property to the newly established Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences (ČSAV) and it became a learned society affiliated with ČSAV. The mathematical part of its library became the basis of the library of the Mathematical Institute of ČSAV, where it is still now.
Today, the Union has about 2500 members, half of whom are high-school teachers. It is one of the largest scientific organizations in the Czech Republic. The Union itself or in collaboration with universities and research institutes organizes national as well as international conferences, symposia, seminars, and Summer or Winter schools. The Union follows teaching of mathematics and physics and proposes improvements. The Union fosters talented students and participates in the organization of the Mathematical and Physical olympiad and other student competitions.
Stephen Wolfram is a British-American computer scientist, physicist, and businessman. He is known for his work in computer algebra, and theoretical physics. In 2012, he was named a fellow of the American Mathematical Society.
Dirk Jan Struik was a Dutch-born American mathematician, historian of mathematics and Marxian theoretician who spent most of his life in the U.S.
Melba Newell Phillips was an American physicist and a pioneer science educator. One of the first doctoral students of J. Robert Oppenheimer at the University of California, Berkeley, Phillips completed her PhD in 1933, a time when few women could pursue careers in science. In 1935, Oppenheimer and Phillips published their description of the Oppenheimer–Phillips process, an early contribution to nuclear physics that explained the behavior of accelerated nuclei of radioactive hydrogen atoms. Phillips was also known for her refusal to cooperate with a U.S. Senate judiciary subcommittee's investigation on internal security during the McCarthy era which led to her dismissal from her professorship at Brooklyn College, where she was a professor of science from 1938 until 1952.
The Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics is one of 13 faculties of the Comenius University in Bratislava, the capital of Slovakia. The faculty provides higher education in mathematics, physics and informatics, as well as teacher training in subjects related to these branches of study. It was established in 1980 by separating from the Faculty of Natural Sciences under the name of Faculty of Mathematics and Physics. Its name was changed to the contemporary name in 2000.
Magnus Gustaf "Gösta"Mittag-Leffler was a Swedish mathematician. His mathematical contributions are connected chiefly with the theory of functions that today is called complex analysis. He founded the prestigious mathematical periodical Acta Mathematica and was its editor for 40 years. He took great trouble in procuring Sofia Kovalevskaya a position of full professor of mathematics in Stockholm University. Mittag-Leffler was also responsible for inducing the Nobel committee to recognize and award Marie Curie as an equal contributor to the discoveries "on the radiation phenomena" along with her husband Pierre Curie.
Jaroslav Kurzweil was a Czech mathematician.
Novosibirsk State University is a public research university located in Novosibirsk, Russia. The university was founded in 1958, on the principles of integration of education and science, early involvement of students with research activities and the engagement of leading scientists in its teaching programmes.
Vojtěch Jarník was a Czech mathematician. He worked for many years as a professor and administrator at Charles University, and helped found the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences. He is the namesake of Jarník's algorithm for minimum spanning trees.
Karel Petr was a Czech mathematician. He was one of the most renowned Czech mathematicians of the first half of the 20th century.
Carl Benjamin Boyer was an American historian of sciences, and especially mathematics. Novelist David Foster Wallace called him the "Gibbon of math history". It has been written that he was one of few historians of mathematics of his time to "keep open links with contemporary history of science."
Tibor Šalát was a Slovak mathematician, professor of mathematics, and Doctor of Mathematics who specialized in number theory and real analysis. He was the author and co-author of undergraduate and graduate textbooks in mathematics, mostly in Slovak. And most of his scholarly papers have been published in various scientific journals.
Jur Hronec was a Slovak mathematician.
Ladislav Svante Rieger (1916–1963) was a Czechoslovak mathematician who worked in the areas of algebra, mathematical logic, and axiomatic set theory. He is considered to be the founder of mathematical logic in Czechoslovakia, having begun his work around 1957.
Václav Jeřábek (1845–1931) was a Czech mathematician, specialized in constructive geometry.
Hans-Wilhelm Knobloch was a German mathematician, specializing in dynamical systems and control theory. Although the field of mathematical systems and control theory was already well-established in several other countries, Hans-Wilhelm Knobloch and Diederich Hinrichsen were the two mathematicians of most importance in establishing this field in Germany.
Bohuslav Hostinský (1884–1951) was a Czechoslovak mathematician and theoretical physicist.
Václav Šimerka was a Czech mathematician, priest, physicist and philosopher. He wrote the first Czech text on calculus and is credited for discovering the first seven Carmichael numbers in 1885.
The Czech Mathematical Society is an association of researchers, teachers, professionals and other persons interested in mathematics. Formally, the CMS is one of the four sections of the Union of Czech Mathematicians and Physicists (JČMF). Membership in the CMS is therefore conditional on membership in JČMF.
Martin Černohorský was a Czech physicist, professor of physics at Masaryk University, and the first rector of the Silesian University in Opava. Černohorský died on 9 February 2024, at the age of 100.
The Union of Slovak Mathematicians and Physicists is a learned society in Bratislava, founded in January 1969. Martin Kalina has been president of the JSMF since 2008.
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