United Nations Security Council Resolution 1769

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UN Security Council
Resolution 1769
Men in Darfur refugee camp in Chad.jpg
Darfur refugee camp in Chad
Date31 July 2007
Meeting no.5,727
CodeS/RES/1769 (Document)
SubjectThe situation in Sudan
Voting summary
  • 15 voted for
  • None voted against
  • None abstained
ResultAdopted
Security Council composition
Permanent members
Non-permanent members
←  1768 Lists of resolutions 1770  →

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1769, adopted unanimously on July 31, 2007, after reaffirming all resolutions on the situation in Sudan, the Council established the joint African Union – United Nations Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID) in an attempt to end the violence in Darfur, for an initial period of twelve months. [1]

Contents

After rejecting a first draft version which included the threat of sanctions, Sudan agreed to accept a second resolution which did not include sanction threats, which it described as a "step in the right direction". [2]

Resolution

Observations

In the preamble of the resolution, the Council recalled that all parties—including Sudan—at a consultation on Darfur had agreed for the deployment of the United Nations Light and Heavy Support packages to the African Union Mission in Sudan (AMIS) and a hybrid operation in Darfur. [3] The parties had agreed that the hybrid operation should have an "African character" with troops sourced from African countries. [4]

Meanwhile, Resolution 1769 expressed concern about attacks on the population, including widespread sexual violence, and the safety of humanitarian aid workers; in this regard, there was a need to bring those responsible for attacks to justice. The Council demanded an end to air raids and the use of United Nations markings on aircraft in those bombings. It reaffirmed that instability in Darfur may have implications for the wider region and therefore determined the situation to remain a threat to international peace and security.

Acts

With the intention of the supporting the Darfur Peace Agreement, the Security Council established UNAMID for an initial period of twelve months. It would consist of United Nations and AMIS troops, numbering 19,555 troops, including 360 military observers and liaison officers, and 3,772 police personnel, including 19 police units of 140 officers. [3] All parties were required to co-operate in UNAMID's deployment.

The peacekeeping operation was to monitor the arms embargo in place since Resolution 1556 (2004). Using "all means necessary" under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter, the mission was also instructed to protect civilians, aid workers and itself from attack and to support the implementation of the Darfur Peace Agreement. [5]

The resolution emphasised that there was no military solution to the conflict in Darfur. There was a need to focus on developmental initiatives such as reconstruction and development, compensation and the return of internally displaced persons to bring about peace in Darfur.

Finally, the Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon was requested to report on the situation every 90 days, including the situation on the ground and the implementation of the peace process.

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">African Union Mission in Sudan</span>

The African Union Mission in Sudan (AMIS) was an African Union (AU) peacekeeping force operating primarily in the country's western region of Darfur to perform peacekeeping operations related to the Darfur conflict. It was founded in 2004, with a force of 150 troops. By mid-2005, its numbers were increased to about 7,000. Under United Nations Security Council Resolution 1564, AMIS was to "closely and continuously liaise and coordinate ... at all levels" its work with the United Nations Mission in Sudan (UNMIS). AMIS was the only external military force in Sudan's Darfur region until UNAMID was established. It was not able to effectively contain the violence in Darfur. A more sizable, better equipped UN peacekeeping force was originally proposed for September 2006, but due to Sudanese government opposition, it was not implemented at that time. AMIS' mandate was extended repeatedly throughout 2006, while the situation in Darfur continued to escalate, until AMIS was replaced by UNAMID on 31 December 2007.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">International response to the War in Darfur</span>

While there is a consensus in the international community that ethnic groups have been targeted in Darfur and that crimes against humanity have therefore occurred, there has been debate in some quarters about whether genocide has taken place there. In May 2006, the International Commission of Inquiry on Darfur organized by United Nations "concluded that the Government of the Sudan has not pursued a policy of genocide ... [though] international offences such as the crimes against humanity and war crimes that have been committed in Darfur may be more serious and heinous than genocide." Eric Reeves, a researcher and frequent commentator on Darfur, has questioned the methodology of the commission's report.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">United Nations Security Council Resolution 1679</span> United Nations resolution adopted in 2006

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1679, adopted unanimously on May 16, 2006, after recalling resolutions 1556 (2004), 1564 (2004), 1574 (2004), 1590 (2005), 1591 (2005), 1593 (2005), 1663 (2005) and 1665 (2006) on the situation in Sudan, the Council endorsed a decision by the African Union Peace and Security Council to move ahead with a United Nations peacekeeping force in Darfur as soon as possible.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">United Nations Security Council Resolution 1706</span> United Nations resolution adopted in 2006

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1706, adopted on August 31, 2006, after recalling previous resolutions on the situation in Sudan, including resolutions 1556 (2004), 1564 (2005), 1574 (2004), 1590 (2004), 1591 (2005), 1593 (2004), 1663 (2006), 1665 (2006) and 1679 (2006), the Council expanded the mandate of the United Nations Mission in the Sudan (UNMIS) to include deployments in Darfur to enforce the Darfur Peace Agreement.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">United Nations–African Union Mission in Darfur</span> Peacekeeping mission in Darfur

The African Union-United Nations Hybrid Operation in Darfur was a joint African Union (AU) and United Nations (UN) peacekeeping mission formally approved by United Nations Security Council Resolution 1769 on 31 July 2007, to bring stability to the war-torn Darfur region of Sudan while peace talks on a final settlement continue.

Operation Hedgerow is the Australian Defence Force's (ADF) contribution to the United Nations African Union Mission in Darfur (UNAMID).

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1922, adopted unanimously on May 12, 2010, after recalling resolutions 1769 (2007), 1778 (2007), 1834 (2008), 1861 (2009) and 1913 (2010), the Council noted that the situation in the region of Darfur in Sudan, Chad and the Central African Republic constituted a threat to international peace and security, and therefore extended the mandate of the United Nations Mission in the Central African Republic and Chad (MINURCAT) for a further two weeks until May 26, 2010, pending further discussions on its future.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">United Nations Security Council Resolution 1923</span> United Nations Security Council resolution

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1923 was adopted unanimously on 25 May 2010, after recalling resolutions 1769 (2007), 1778 (2007), 1834 (2008), 1861 (2009), 1913 (2010) and 1922 (2010). The Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Mission in the Central African Republic and Chad (MINURCAT) for a final time until 31 December 2010, with a complete withdrawal by that date.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1935, adopted unanimously on July 30, 2010, after reaffirming all previous resolutions and statements on the situation in Sudan, the Council extended the mandate of the African Union – United Nations Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID) for a further 12 months until July 31, 2011 and demanded an end to fighting and attacks on United Nations personnel and civilians.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">United Nations Security Council Resolution 1945</span> United Nations resolution adopted in 2010

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1945, adopted on October 14, 2010, after recalling previous resolutions on the situation in Sudan, the Council extended the mandate of an expert panel monitoring an arms embargo and other sanctions on groups that "impede peace in Sudan" until October 19, 2011.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">United Nations Security Council Resolution 1556</span> United Nations resolution adopted in 2004

United Nations Security Council resolution 1556, adopted on 30 July 2004, after recalling resolutions 1502 (2003) and 1547 (2004) on the situation in Sudan, the council demanded that the Sudanese government disarm the Janjaweed militia and bring to justice those who had committed violations of human rights and international humanitarian law in Darfur.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">United Nations Security Council Resolution 1590</span> United Nations resolution adopted in 2005

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1590, adopted unanimously on 24 March 2005, after recalling resolutions 1547 (2004), 1556 (2004), 1564 (2004), 1574 (2004), 1585 (2005) and 1588 (2005) on the situation in Sudan, the Council established the United Nations Mission in Sudan (UNMIS) for an initial period of six months.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">United Nations Security Council Resolution 1663</span> United Nations resolution adopted in 2006

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1663, adopted unanimously on March 24, 2006, after recalling previous resolutions on the situation in Sudan, particularly 1627 (2005) and 1653 (2006), the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Mission in Sudan (UNMIS) for six months until September 24, 2006.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">United Nations Security Council Resolution 1665</span> United Nations resolution adopted in 2006

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1665, adopted unanimously on March 29, 2006, after recalling previous resolutions on the situation in Sudan, particularly resolutions 1556 (2004), 1591 (2005) and 1651 (2005), extended the mandate of an expert panel monitoring sanctions against and violations of human rights in the Darfur region until September 29, 2006.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">United Nations Security Council Resolution 1713</span> United Nations resolution adopted in 2006

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1713, adopted unanimously on September 29, 2006, after recalling previous resolutions on the situation in Sudan, particularly resolutions 1556 (2004), 1591 (2005), 1651 (2005) and 1665 (2006), the Council extended the mandate of an expert panel monitoring sanctions against and violations of human rights in the Darfur region until September 29, 2007, and requested the Secretary-General to add another expert to the team.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">United Nations Security Council Resolution 2003</span> United Nations resolution adopted in 2011

United Nations Security Council Resolution 2003, adopted unanimously on July 29, 2011, after reaffirming all previous resolutions and statements on the situation in Sudan, the Council extended the mandate of the African Union – United Nations Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID) for a further 12 months until July 31, 2012.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1784 was unanimously adopted on 31 October 2007.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1891 was unanimously adopted on 13 October 2009.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1881 was unanimously adopted on 30 July 2009.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Darfur genocide</span> 2003–2005 violence against Darfuris in Sudan

The Darfur genocide was the systematic killing of ethnic Darfuri people during the War in Darfur. The genocide, which was carried out against the Fur, Masalit and Zaghawa ethnic groups, led the International Criminal Court (ICC) to indict several people for crimes against humanity, rape, forced transfer and torture. An estimated 200,000 people were killed between 2003 and 2005. Other sources estimate that between 2003 and 2008, the conflict resulted in about 300,000 civilian deaths and about 2.7 million displaced civilians.

References

  1. ↑ "Security Council authorises deployment of United Nations-African Union 'hybrid' peace operation in bid to resolve Darfur conflict". United Nations. July 31, 2007.
  2. ↑ "Sudan accepts UN resolution on Darfur force". Channel NewsAsia. 1 August 2007.
  3. 1 2 Totten, Samuel (2011). An Oral and Documentary History of the Darfur Genocide: Volume 1, Volume 1. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO. p. 21. ISBN   978-0-313-35237-9.
  4. ↑ Dagne, Ted (2010). Sudan: The Crisis in Darfur and Status of the North-South Peace Agreement. DIANE Publishing. p. 10. ISBN   978-1-4379-3155-6.
  5. ↑ Burr, Millard; Collins, Robert O. (2008). Darfur: the long road to disaster. Princeton, NJ: Markus Wiener Publishers. p. 315. ISBN   978-1-55876-470-5.
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