William la Zouche | |
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1st Baron Zouche of Harringworth | |
![]() Arms of la Zouche of Harringworth: Gules, ten bezants a canton ermine for difference . These are the differenced arms of Zouche of Ashby [1] [ non-primary source needed ] | |
Born | 1277 [2] [ non-primary source needed ] Harringworth, [2] Northamptonshire |
Died | 10 March 1352 [3] |
Spouse(s) | Maud Lovell [4] Joan Leybourne |
Father | Eudo la Zouche |
Mother | Millicent de Cantilupe |
William la Zouche, 1st Baron Zouche (1276/86–1352), lord of the manor of Harringworth in Northamptonshire, was an English baron and soldier who fought in the Wars of Scottish Independence. He is referred to in history as "of Harringworth" to distinguish him from his first cousin (of the senior line) Alan la Zouche, 1st Baron la Zouche (1267–1314) of Ashby de la Zouch in Leicestershire.
William was the son of Eudo la Zouche (d. 1279) by his wife Millicent de Cantilupe (d. 1299), widow of John de Mohaut, daughter of William III de Cantilupe by his wife Eva de Braose, 3rd daughter and co-heiress of William de Braose, Baron Bergavenny. [5] Millicent de Cantilupe was a great heiress, being a co-heir to her brother George de Cantilupe (d. 1273), Baron Bergavenny, feudal baron of Totnes in Devon (formerly held by de Braose), she was heiress of the English feudal barony of Eaton Bray (formerly held by Cantilupe) and of the manor of Harringworth, amongst many other lands. [6]
William's younger brother was Roger la Zouch, Lord of Lubbesthorpe (d. 1303), father of Roger la Zouch the instigator of the murder of Roger de Beler in 1326. William's sister, Eva la Zouch, was married to the rebel Maurice de Berkeley, 2nd Baron Berkeley who was imprisoned in Wallingford Castle and died there also in 1326. Another sister, Lucy la Zouch, married Sir Thomas Greene of Boughton, Northamptonshire: her grandson Sir Henry Green the younger was an intimate associate of King Richard II, and as such was executed by Henry IV as one of Richard's "evil councillors".
William inherited the manor of Harringworth, including a park and wood, upon the death of his mother Millicent de Cantilupe in 1299. [2] [ non-primary source needed ]
William was summoned to Parliament by writ as Baron Zouche of Harringworth from 1308 to 1325 [7] [ non-primary source needed ] and to serve against the Scottish from 1314 (after the disastrous Battle of Bannockburn) to 1317. [7] [ non-primary source needed ]
William was pardoned for his role in the death of Piers Gaveston in October 1313 [7] [ non-primary source needed ] but made a Conservator of the Peace in Northamptonshire from 1317 to 1321 and ordered to suppress illegal meetings. [7] [ non-primary source needed ]
In February 1322, William was ordered to muster as many men-at-arms and foot soldiers as he could and to march to the King to aid in the suppression of the rebels of Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster. [7] [ non-primary source needed ] William declined and sent two men-at-arms in June, claiming ill health as his excuse. [7] [ non-primary source needed ]
Later in 1322, William was summoned to serve against the Scots and against Lancaster's rebels. [7] [ non-primary source needed ] He was summoned to defend Aquitaine in 1324, which was lost under the poor leadership of Hugh le Despenser, 1st Earl of Winchester, and to go to Gascony in 1325. [7] [ non-primary source needed ]
After Queen Isabella and Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March's successful overthrow of her husband, Edward II, William was summoned to the Parliament held in January 1327 [7] [ non-primary source needed ] which decided it had lost confidence in the rule of Edward and forced his abdication.
William died on 10 March 1352. Inquisition post mortems found he held land in Shropshire, Wiltshire, Norfolk, Bedfordshire, Buckinghamshire, Rutland, Warwickshire, Leicestershire, Lincolnshire, Northamptonshire and Worcestershire. [3] [ non-primary source needed ]
William married Maud Lovel (d. 1346), daughter of John Lovel, 1st Baron Lovel of Titchmarsh. [8]
By her, William had at least ten children [8] including:
Baron Zouche is a title which has been created three times, all in the Peerage of England.
William III de Cantilupe was the 3rd feudal baron of Eaton Bray in Bedfordshire, and jure uxoris was feudal baron of Totnes in Devon and Lord of Abergavenny. His chief residences were at Calne in Wiltshire and Aston Cantlow, in Warwickshire, until he inherited Abergavenny Castle and the other estates of that lordship.
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The Folville gang were an armed band operating in Leicestershire in the early 14th century, led by Eustace Folville.
Maurice de Berkeley, 2nd Baron Berkeley, The Magnanimous, feudal baron of Berkeley, of Berkeley Castle in Gloucestershire, England, was a peer. He rebelled against King Edward II and the Despencers. His epithet, and that of each previous and subsequent head of his family, was coined by John Smyth of Nibley, steward of the Berkeley estates, the biographer of the family and author of Lives of the Berkeleys.
Ralph de Cromwell, 1st Baron Cromwell, Tattershall in Lincolnshire, was an English peer. He was summoned to the House of Lords as Lord Cromwell in 1375.
Harringworth is a village and civil parish in North Northamptonshire, England. It is located close to the border with Rutland, on the southern bank of the River Welland, and around 5.3 miles (8.5 km) north of Corby. At the 2001 Census, the population of the parish was 247, falling to 241 at the 2011 Census.
William I de Cantilupe 1st feudal baron of Eaton (Bray) in Bedfordshire, England, was an Anglo-Norman royal administrator who served as steward of the household to King John and as Baron of the Exchequer.
Roger Beler was a Baron of the Exchequer and right-hand man of Hugh le Despencer and King Edward II. Beler was killed by the Folville gang in 1326.
Eva de Braose was one of the four co-heiresses of William de Braose. She was the wife of William de Cantilupe who, as a result of his marriage, acquired significant land holdings in both England and Wales.
Sir John Dinham (1406–1458) was a knight from Devonshire, England. His principal seats were at Nutwell and Kingskerswell in South Devon and Hartland in North Devon.
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Sir Robert de Hellewell was a member of the Folville Gang that slew the corrupt Baron of the Exchequer, Sir Roger de Beler and was Rutland's MP in 1340.
The feudal barony of Eaton Bray in Bedfordshire was an English feudal barony founded in 1205 when the manor of Eaton was granted by King John to his household steward William I de Cantilupe (d.1239), together with many others, including Aston in Warwickshire. In 1221 Cantilupe built a castle at Eaton, which became the caput of his feudal barony and was described by the monks of nearby Dunstable Priory in the Annals of Dunstable as being "a serious danger to Dunstable and the neighbourhood". The grant was for knight-service of one knight and was in exchange for the manor of Great Coxwell, Berkshire, which had been granted to him previously but the grant was deemed compromised. Eaton had been held at the time of William the Conqueror by the latter's uterine half-brother Odo, Bishop of Bayeux, but later escheated to the crown.
Baron Cantilupe was a title created in the peerage of England by writ on 29 December 1299 addressed to Willelmo de Canti Lupo or Cauntelo,.
m. Elizabeth, daughter of Lord Zouche
Ancestors of Scott Wolter ~ Volume 2, Family Groups by Diana Jean Muir (2018) p. 234 – "Sir Thomas Mallory and Maud le Zouch, daughter of William Mortimer le Zouche and wife Maud Lovel. . . "