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The history of the administrative divisions of the Imperial China is quite complex. Across history, what is called 'China' has taken many shapes, and many political organizations. For various reasons, both the borders and names of political divisions have changed—sometimes to follow topography, sometimes to weaken former states by dividing them, and sometimes to realize a philosophical or historical ideal. For recent times, the number of recorded tiny changes is quite large; by contrast, the lack of clear, trustworthy data for ancient times forces historians and geographers to draw approximate borders for respective divisions. But thanks to imperial records and geographic descriptions, political divisions may often be redrawn with some precision. Natural changes, such as changes in a river's course, or loss of data, still make this issue difficult for ancient times.
Taizhou is a prefecture-level city in central Jiangsu province in eastern China. Situated on the north bank of the Yangtze River, it borders Nantong to the east, Yancheng to the north and Yangzhou to the west.
Xinghua is a county-level city under the administration of Taizhou, Jiangsu province, China. It is located in the central part of Jiangsu Province. It borders the prefecture-level cities of Yancheng to the north and east and Yangzhou to the west.
Yang County, or Yangxian, is a county in Hanzhong, Shaanxi Province, China. It encompasses the easternmost portion of the Han River (Hanshui) Gorges, including the Hanzhong Basin (汉中盆地).
Yang Zhuang is a Tai language spoken in southwestern Guangxi, China, in Napo, Jingxi and Debao counties.
Sun Ru, formally the Prince of Le'an (樂安王), was a warlord late in the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty who initially served as a general under the pretender emperor Qin Zongquan. After Qin's defeat, he nominally submitted to Tang imperial authority and contended for control of the central-lower Yangtze River region with Yang Xingmi; he was eventually defeated by Yang and executed. His subordinate Ma Yin was the eventual founder of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period state Chu.
Zhang Xiong (張雄) was a warlord late in the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty, who, from 886 and on, controlled an army that initially roved in the lower Yangtze River region and became a key player in the power struggles between various warlords for the control of Huainan and Zhenhai Circuits. Zhang eventually settled in at Shangyuan in 887 and controlled the area until his death in 893.
Zhao Huang (趙鍠) was a warlord late in the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty, who ruled Xuanshe Circuit as its governor from 887 to his death at the hands of rival Yang Xingmi in 889.
Zhu Yanshou (朱延壽) was an officer under, and the brother-in-law of, the major warlord Yang Xingmi the military governor (Jiedushi) of Huainan Circuit late in the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty. He contributed to many of Yang's campaigns and eventually rose to the rank of military governor of Fengguo Circuit. In 903, angry that Yang had previously insulted him, he plotted to rebel against Yang, along with other vassals of Yang's, Tian Jun the military governor of Ningguo Circuit and An Renyi (安仁義) the military prefect of Run Prefecture. Their plot was discovered by Yang, who then tricked his wife Lady Zhu into reporting to Zhu Yanshou that Yang was about to entrust Huainan Circuit to him. When Zhu reported to Huainan's capital Yang Prefecture (揚州) in response, Yang Xingmi executed him.
Zhao Kuangning (趙匡凝), courtesy name Guangyi (光儀), formally the Prince of Chu (楚王), was a warlord late in the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty, who ruled Zhongyi Circuit as its military governor (Jiedushi) from 892 until his defeat in 905 by Zhu Quanzhong the military governor of Xuanwu Circuit.
Zhong Kuangshi (鍾匡時) was a warlord late in the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty, who briefly controlled Zhennan Circuit after the death of his father Zhong Chuan, who had ruled the circuit for 20 years. Shortly after Zhong Kuangshi's takeover, rival warlord Yang Wo the military governor of Huainan Circuit defeated and captured Zhong, taking Zhennan under his control.
Xuzhou (徐州市) is a modern prefecture-level city in Jiangsu, China.
