Castile and León is an autonomous community in north-western Spain. It was constituted in 1983, although it existed for the first time during the First Spanish Republic in the 19th century. León first appeared as a Kingdom in 910, whilst the Kingdom of Castile gained an independent identity in 1065 and was intermittently held in personal union with León before merging with it permanently in 1230. It is the largest autonomous community in Spain and the third largest region of the European Union, covering an area of 94,223 square kilometres (36,380 sq mi) with an official population of around 2.5 million (2011).
Henry III of Castile, called the Mourner, was the son of John I and Eleanor of Aragon. He succeeded his father as King of Castile in 1390.
Henry II, called Henry of Trastámara or the Fratricide, was the first King of Castile and León from the House of Trastámara. He became king in 1369 by defeating his half-brother, Peter the Cruel, after numerous rebellions and battles. As king he was involved in the Ferdinand Wars and the Hundred Years' War.
Juan López de Padilla was an insurrectionary leader in the Castilian War of the Communities, where the people of Castile made a stand against policies of the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V and his Flemish ministers.
Castilian-Leonese cuisine refers to the typical dishes and ingredients of the region of Castile and León in Spain. This cuisine is known for its cooked dishes ("guisos") and its grilled or roasted meats ("asados"), its high-quality wines, the variety of its desserts, its sausages ("embutidos"), and its cheeses. In addition, in certain areas of Castile and León, one can find the important production of apples, almond paste, etc.
Alfonso de Santa María de Cartagena was a Jewish convert to Christianity, a Roman Catholic bishop, diplomat, historian and writer of pre-Renaissance Spain.
The Mancheguian Regionalism is a minoritarian political current in Spain that proposes the existence of a differentiated historical region in La Mancha with its proper legal entity, against the Pancastilian thesis that considers Castile as a unique nation or region. Very minority currents inside the Mancheguian Regionalism supports to go beyond the regionalism by a total rupture with Spain.
Almazán is a municipality located in the province of Soria, Castile and León, Spain. As of 2013, the municipality has a population of 5,843 inhabitants. It is also the seat of the judicial district of Almazán, and ecclesiastically it belongs to the Diocese of Osma, a suffragan diocese of the Archdiocese of Burgos. Connected via the Autovía A-15 and Carretera nacional N-111, it is situated 194 kilometres (121 mi) by road northeast of Madrid. The town lies on the east bank of the Duero river.
The Chronicon Burgense is a collection of Latin annals that, together with the Annales Compostellani and the Chronicon Ambrosianum, may form a group of related histories sometimes called the Efemérides riojanas because they may have been compiled in La Rioja. The Chronicon Burgenes is named after the Cathedral of Burgos, where it was discovered on one folio of a surviving thirteenth-century obituary/calendar. It deals primarily with matters in the Kingdom of Castile and may have been written at Burgos, the Castilian capital. It also touches on the Kingdom of Navarre and covers the period from the Nativity of Jesus to the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa in 1212. It uses the dating system of the Spanish era and not the Anno domini. It is a unique source for several details relating to early Castilian history. The following is an excerpt:
Era MCXV. Fuit hiems gravissima a festivitate S. Martini usque ad Quadragesimam, & in ipso anno pugnaverunt duo milites pro lege Romana, & Toletana in die Ramis palmarum, & unus eorum erat Castellanus, & alius Toletanus, & victus est Toletanus a Castellano.
1077 AD. It was a severe winter from Martinmas until Quadragesima. And in that year fought two knights [one] for the Roman Rite and [one for] the Mozarabic Rite on Palm Sunday. And one of these [the former] was a Castilian and the other a Toledan. And the Toledan was victorious over the Castilian.
Astudillo is a Spanish municipality in the autonomous community of Castilla y León belonging to the province of Palencia. It is located 29 km northeast of the provincial capital, and has 1,106 inhabitants (2011) with an area of 122.95 km².
María Díaz II de Haro was a Spanish noble of the House of Haro. She was the daughter of Juan de Castilla y Haro and his wife, Isabel of Portugal and was Lady of Biscay from 1334 until her death in 1348.
The Unidad Regionalista de Castilla y León or Regionalist Unity of Castile and León (URCL) is a "regionalist, democratic, modern and innovative political party that, focusing on the principles of freedom, justice and solidarity, assumes the uncompromising defense of the legitimate interests of Castile and León."
The Castilian Party is a Spanish political party resulting from the union of several Castilian nationalist and regionalist political parties from Castile and León, Cantabria, La Rioja, Madrid and Castile-La Mancha. The most relevant of the components is Tierra Comunera.
Castilian Unity is a conservative moderate Castilian nationalist political party active in Castilla-La Mancha. UdCa was founded in Ciudad Real by Emilio López Nieto, former secretary general of the PP in Ciudad Real, in December 2001 and formed, in part, by former members of the Regionalist Party of Castilla-La Mancha (PRCM). Its implementation outside the province of Ciudad Real is negligible.
The coat of arms of Castile was the heraldic emblem of its monarchs. Historian Michel Pastoureau says that the original purpose ofheraldic emblems and seals was to facilitate the exercise of power and the identification of the ruler, due to they offered for achieving these aims. These symbols were associated with the kingdom, and eventually also represented the intangible nature of the national sentiment or sense of belonging to a territory.
