Yokosuka Naval Air Group

Last updated
Yokosuka Naval Air Group
横須賀海軍航空隊
Headquarters of Yokosuka Navy Air Corps.jpg
Yokosuka Naval Air Group Headquarters, 1932
Active1 April 1916 - 1945
CountryMerchant flag of Japan (1870).svg  Empire of Japan
BranchNaval ensign of the Empire of Japan.svg  Imperial Japanese Navy
TypeMilitary aviation
RoleTraining/Research/Combat
Part of Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service
Garrison/HQ Yokosuka Naval District
Nickname(s)Yokosuka Sora
Engagements Battle of Iwo Jima

The Yokosuka Naval Air Group (横須賀海軍航空隊, Yokosuka Kaigun Kōkū-tai) was the first aviation unit established by the Imperial Japanese Navy in 1916 and survived until the end of the Pacific War. It was charged with educating and training aviation personnel, practical testing of new aircraft, and tactical research. In the event of an emergency, it was supposed to take charge of the defense of Tokyo Bay, and from February 1944, when the war situation demanded it, the unit was also involved in combat.

Contents

History

The "Naval Aviation Research Committee", which was established in 1912, has laid the foundation for the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service. With the start of domestic production of aircraft and training of crew members on track, the Air Corps Three Group Plan was established in 1916 in order to further improve aircraft. On 1 April 1916 the Yokosuka Naval Air Group was formed in Oppama, Yokosuka, Kanagawa Prefecture to replace the "Naval Aviation Research Committee". [1]

On 1 September 1923 the Great Kanto Earthquake caused great damage to facilities and equipment. On 1 June 1930 the first class of naval flight reserve trainees joined the service, and after that preparatory training was conducted in Yokosuka until 1945. Around 1932 Minoru Genda who worked as instructor at Yokosuka created an aerobatic squadron called "Genda Circus" which served to increase the public appeal of the Navy Air Service.

Once the Pacific War started on 8 December 1941 the unit continued its training and testing role. From February 1944 the unit was ordered to be deployed in combat. On 15 June 1944, with the launch of Operation A-Go, it formed a part of the 27th Air Flotilla and Yawata Air Attack Unit and was deployed to Iwo Jima to support the Mariana Islands operations. Due to intensive air combat and enemy air raids on Iwo Jima, all aircraft had been lost by 4 July 1944. The remaining service members returned to Yokosuka by transport plane, but some stayed on Iwo Jima and lost their lives defending the island. Afterwards the unit was moved to Kyushu and engaged in kamikaze attacks and air defense battles in the Kantō area.

Its former site is currently occupied by the Nissan Oppama car manufacturing plant.

Commanders

The list is based on the Japanese wiki article.

Related Research Articles

Yamashita Gentarō Japanese navy admiral (d. 1931)

BaronYamashita Gentarō was an admiral in the early Imperial Japanese Navy.

Yamaya Tanin Japanese Navy admiral (d. 1940)

Yamaya Tanin was a naval theorist and admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy during the early twentieth century. He was a great-grandfather of Japanese Empress Masako through her mother's lineage.

Yashiro Rokurō

BaronYashiro Rokurō was an admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy and Navy Minister, succeeding the last of the Satsuma-era naval leaders of the early Meiji period.

Inoue Yoshika

Marshal Admiral ViscountInoue Yoshika was a career naval officer and admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy during Meiji-period Japan.

Zengo Yoshida

Zengo Yoshida was an admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy.

<i>No.1</i>-class patrol boat

The No. 1-class patrol boat was a class of patrol boats of the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN), serving during World War II. 2 vessels were converted from Minekaze-class destroyers in 1940.

Imperial Japanese Navy ship classifications went through various changes between 1871 and 1945, as technology changed and new ship classes were added while those that became obsolete were discontinued. There were efforts to translate some ships' classes that were imported or in use by other navies, while incorporating any classification system into Japanese language conventions and maintaining an internal consistency.

Yoshiaki Itakura was a Japanese researcher of military history born in Kanagawa Prefecture. He is most well known for his research on the Nanjing Massacre and was a member of a committee assembled by Kaikosha to study the incident.

Keizō Hayashi

Keizō Hayashi was a Japanese civil servant, general officer and the first Chairman of Joint Staff Council (JSC), a post equivalent to Chief of the General Staff in other countries, from 1954 to 1964. He was instrumental in founding the post-war Japan Self-Defense Forces (JSDF) in 1954.

Tadahiko Mibuchi was the first Chief Justice of Japan (1947–1950).

Kangalli station Railway station in North Korea

Kangalli station is a railway station in Kangal-li, Onsŏng County, North Hamgyŏng, North Korea, on the Hambuk Line of the Korean State Railway. It is also the starting point of the Sŏngp'yŏng branch to Sŏngp'yŏng.

Aa Kurenai no Chi wa Moyuru 1944 song by Hiromu Sakai and Aiko Anzai

"Aa Kurenai no Chi wa Moyuru" is a Japanese gunka released by Nippon Columbia in September 1944 during the Pacific War. In the song, the chorus repeats the phrase after every verse.

Japanese submarine <i>I-61</i>

I-61 was a Kaidai-class cruiser submarine of the KD4 sub-class built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) during the 1920s. She sank in an October 1941 collision, just prior to Japan's entry into World War II.

I-67 was a Kaidai-type cruiser submarine of the Imperial Japanese Navy. A KD5 sub-class boat, she sank in a training accident in 1940.

Hakuhō Line JR Bus Kanto route

Hakuhō Line is a JR Bus Kanto bus route. It connects Shirakawa Station in Shirakawa, Fukushima, with Iwaki-Tanakura Station, Higashishirakawa District. The route was originally a private railway, taken over by Japanese Government Railways in 1941. It was then transferred to The Ministry of Transport and Communications in 1943. Rail service was suspended in 1944, being replaced by buses. In 1957 the Japan National Railway (JNR) bus department converted the (transportation) to an exclusive bus road. After the JNR break-up in 1987, the bus route was transferred to JR East and JR Bus.

Sasayama Line was a railway line operated by Japanese National Railways that connected Sasayamaguchi Station with Fukusumi Station in present-day Tamba-Sasayama, Hyōgo, Japan. The line was discontinued on 1 March 1972.。

Hidemi Yoshida Japanese admiral (1902–1978)

Vice Admiral Hidemi Yoshida was a retired Japanese naval officer who served as the Colonel of the Imperial Japanese Navy from 1919 to 1945 and the Vice Admiral of the Japanese Maritime Self Defence Force (JMSDF) from 1954 to 1958. He was the first Self Defense Fleet commander in 1954 until being succeeded by Vice Admiral Yasumaro Kiguchi.

Yasumaro Kiguchi Japanese admiral

Vice Admiral Yasumaro Kiguchi was a Japanese naval officer who served as an officer of the Imperial Japanese Navy from 1920 to 1945 and became a Vice Admiral of the Japanese Maritime Self Defence Force (JMSDF), serving from 1954 to 1960. He was the second commander of the Self Defense Fleet succeeding Hidemi Yoshida. In 1956, he was succeeded by Mitsugu Ihara.

Mitsugu Ihara Japanese admiral

Vice Admiral Mitsugu Ihara was a Japanese naval officer who served as the Colonel of the Imperial Japanese Navy from 1920 to 1945 and the Vice Admiral of the Japanese Maritime Self Defence Force (JMSDF) from 1954 to 1960. He was the third commander of the Self Defense Fleet succeeding Yasumaro Kiguchi. In 1961, he was succeeded by Nobuo Fukuchi.

Japanese seaplane tender <i>Notoro</i> Japanese seaplane tender

Notoro (能登呂) was an oiler of the Imperial Japanese Navy commissioned in 1920, which was rebuilt in 1924 into a seaplane tender and in 1941 back into an oiler. She participated in the First Shanghai Incident in 1932 and the Second Sino-Japanese War since 1937. In the fall of 1941, she was rebuilt back into an oiler. On 9 January and 20 September 1943, she was damaged by US Navy submarines but returned to service after repairs. On 29 June 1944, she was hit by two torpedoes launched by submarine USS Flasher. During repairs in Singapore Notoro was again damaged on 5 November 1944, this time by B-29 bombers. No further repairs were made until the end of the war and she was probably scrapped in 1947.

References

  1. 『海軍飛行豫科練習生 第一巻』p. 35
  2. 『官報』第3077号、大正11年11月2日.
  3. 『官報』第255号、昭和2年11月2日.
  4. 『官報』第1765号、昭和7年11月16日.
  5. 『官報』第2364号、昭和9年11月16.

Bibliography

See also