Yuan Shikai was a Chinese military and government official who rose to power during the late Qing dynasty and eventually ended the Qing dynasty rule of China in 1912, later becoming the Emperor of China. He first tried to save the dynasty with a number of modernization projects including bureaucratic, fiscal, judicial, educational, and other reforms, despite playing a key part in the failure of the Hundred Days' Reform. He established the first modern army and a more efficient provincial government in North China during the last years of the Qing dynasty before forcing the abdication of the Xuantong Emperor, the last monarch of the Qing dynasty in 1912. Through negotiation, he became the first President of the Republic of China in 1912. This army and bureaucratic control were the foundation of his autocratic rule. In 1915 he attempted to restore the hereditary monarchy in China, with himself as the Hongxian Emperor. His death in 1916 shortly after his abdication led to the fragmentation of the Chinese political system and the end of the Beiyang government as China's central authority.
Yuan is a Chinese surname ranked 37th in China by population in 2019. In Standard Chinese, the surname is transliterated Yuán or Yüen2" (Wade-Giles). Other romanizations include Yeu (Shanghainese), Ion, Yuen (Cantonese), Oan, Wang (Teochew), Won (Korean), and Viên (Vietnamese). Pronunciation differs widely from region to region.
Sanda University is a private university established in Shanghai in 1992. The university has around 10,000 students and 450 full-time academic staff, covering a range of academic disciplines including business, computer science, engineering, foreign languages, and management.
Xiang or Hsiang ; Changsha Xiang: sian1 y3, also known as Hunanese, is a group of linguistically similar and historically related Sinitic languages, spoken mainly in Hunan province but also in northern Guangxi and parts of neighboring Guizhou and Hubei provinces. Scholars divided Xiang into five subgroups, Chang-Yi, Lou-Shao, Hengzhou, Chen-Xu and Yong-Quan. Among those, Lou-shao, also known as Old Xiang, still exhibits the three-way distinction of Middle Chinese obstruents, preserving the voiced stops, fricatives, and affricates. Xiang has also been heavily influenced by Mandarin, which adjoins three of the four sides of the Xiang speaking territory, and Gan in Jiangxi Province, from where a large population immigrated to Hunan during the Ming Dynasty.
Yuan Hongbing is a Chinese Australian jurist, novelist, and Chinese dissident.
Yuan Baohua was a Chinese economic official and academic administrator. He served as Vice Minister of the Ministry of Metallurgy Industry, Minister of the Ministry of Materials, Executive Vice Director of the State Planning Commission, and Director of the State Economic Commission. From 1985 to 1991, he served as President of Renmin University of China. He was a mentor of Zhu Rongji, the former Premier of China.
The Changsha dialect is a dialect of New Xiang Chinese. It is spoken predominantly in Changsha, the capital of Hunan province, China. It is not mutually intelligible with Standard Mandarin, the official language of China.
The Shuangfeng dialect is a dialect of Xiang Chinese, spoken in Shuangfeng County, Hunan province, China.
Chang-Du or Chang-Jing, sometimes called Nanchang after its principal dialect, is one of the Gan Chinese languages. It is named after Nanchang and Duchang County, and is spoken in those areas as well as in Xinjian, Anyi, Yongxiu, De'an, Xingzi, Hukou, and bordering regions in Jiangxi and in Pingjiang County, Hunan.
The Jinan dialect is a Mandarin Chinese dialect spoken in Jinan in Shandong province, China. It is a variety of Jilu Mandarin.
The Jian'ou dialect, also known as Kienow dialect, is a local dialect of Northern Min Chinese spoken in Jian'ou in northern Fujian province. It is regarded as the standard common language in Jian'ou.
Leizhou or LuichewMin is a branch of Min Chinese spoken in Leizhou city, Xuwen County, Mazhang District, most parts of Suixi County and also spoken inside of the linguistically diverse Xiashan District. In the classification of Yuan Jiahua, it was included in the Southern Min group, though it has low intelligibility with other Southern Min varieties. In the classification of Li Rong, used by the Language Atlas of China, it was treated as a separate Min subgroup. Hou Jingyi combined it with Hainanese in a Qiong–Lei group.
Yuan Chunqing is a retired Chinese politician. He was deputy chief of the Office for Rural Work and the Communist Party Chief of Shanxi province. Prior to that, he was Governor of neighbouring Shaanxi province.
Yuán Kèdìng, courtesy name Yuntai (云台), was the eldest son of Yuan Shikai. His mother was Yuan's first wife, Yu (于氏), and Yuan Kewen was his younger brother.
Yuan Xingpei is a Chinese scholar, educator, author, and political leader, known for his public service and publications on Chinese literature, particularly for his studies of Six Dynasties period poet Tao Yuanming. Yuan has been a professor of Chinese literature at Peking University since 1957.
Yuan Jing, born Yuan Xingzhuang, was a Chinese fiction writer, best known for her wartime novel Daughters and Sons, which was adapted into a successful 1951 film.
Yuan Jiajun is a Chinese aerospace engineer and politician who is serving as Communist Party Secretary of Chongqing and a member of the Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party. Before his political career, Yuan was best known for his role as chief of the Shenzhou program, which carried the first Chinese man into space.
Yuan Wenkang (Mickey) is a Chinese actor. He first garnered recognition for his acting in 2007, when his performance in Assembly and earned him a Best Newcomer nomination at the 29th Hundred Flowers Awards.
Yuan Tung-li was a Chinese library administrator and bibliographer. He headed the National Library of China and was later consultant in Chinese literature at the United States Library of Congress.
Yuan Shuhong is a Chinese politician who served as party branch secretary of the Ministry of Justice from 2018 to 2021. He was a representative of the 19th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party. He is a member of the 19th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. He was a member of the 13th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.
