Zhang Xuezhong | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | 15 July 1899 China |
| Died | 16 June 1995 (aged 95) Taiwan |
| Allegiance |  Republic of China |
| Service/ |  National Revolutionary Army |
| Years of service | 1927–1959 |
| Rank | 25px General |
| Battles/wars | |
Zhang Xuezhong (Chinese :張雪中; Wade–Giles :Chang Hsüeh-chung; 15 July 1899 – 16 June 1995) was a Kuomintang general who commanded a division in the important Battle of Taierzhuang. He also worked in the Taiwanese Ministry of National Defence later in his career.
Zhang started his military career in November 1927 at 3rd battalion of Zhejiang Military Academy. [1] He fought in multiple battles including Battle of Tengxian, Nankou Campaign and Battle of Taierzhuang during the Second Sino-Japanese War. [1] [2] [3] [4] The 89th division led by Zhang was one of the Chinese divisions modernized by Germans. [1] [5] Zhang was part of the 13th army's staff from March 1937 to July 1942. [1]
Zhang also commanded his 89th division in the 1938 Battle of Taierzhuang, which was the first major Chinese victory in the Second Sino-Japanese War. [1] [4] He also fought to defend the Gaochengzhen–Taerwan line from April to May 1939.[ citation needed ]
In August 1948 Zhang started working as a counselor in the Ministry of National Defence, and a month later he was promoted to the rank of General. This was his last promotion in military ranks. Zhang retired in January 1959, and died on 16 June 1995. [1]
Chang Hsueh-liang, also romanized as Zhang Xueliang and known later in life as Peter H. L. Chang, was the warlord of Manchuria and commander-in-chief of the Northeastern Army after the assassination of his father, Zhang Zuolin. A reformer who was sympathetic to nationalist ideas, he completed the official reunification of China at the end of the Warlord Era by pledging loyalty to the Nationalist government in Nanjing. He nonetheless retained Manchuria's de facto autonomy until the Empire of Japan invaded and occupied the region in 1931. He was frustrated by Chiang Kai-shek's policy of "first internal pacification, then external resistance" and helped plan and lead the 1936 Xi'an Incident. Northeastern soldiers under Chang's command arrested Chiang to force him to negotiate a Second United Front with the Chinese Communist Party against Japan. Chiang eventually agreed, but upon his release he had Chang arrested and sentenced to 50 years of house arrest, first in mainland China and then in Taiwan. Although never personally a communist, Chang is regarded by the Chinese Communist Party and the People's Republic of China as a patriotic hero for his role in ending the encirclement campaigns and beginning the war of resistance against Japan.
Zhang Zizhong was a general of the Chinese National Revolutionary Army (NRA) during the Second Sino-Japanese War. Born in Linqing, Shandong, he was the highest-ranked officer and the only Army group commander of the NRA to die in the war. He was killed-in-action during the Battle of Yichang after refusing to retreat from the front lines. He showed great valor in the field and was regarded as one of the most valiant and respectable Chinese generals by the Imperial Japanese Army during the Second Sino-Japanese War. Because he was lieutenant general with the effective rank of full general at the time of his death, and was posthumously promoted to full general, he was also one of the highest-ranked Allied officers killed in action in World War II. His mausoleum is situated in Beibei District, Chongqing. There are roads named after him in Shanghai, Beijing, Tianjin and Wuhan.
The Mukden incident was a false flag event staged by Japanese military personnel as a pretext for the 1931 Japanese invasion of Manchuria.
The Battle of Beiping–Tianjin, also known as the Battle of Beiping, Battle of Peiping, Battle of Beijing, Battle of Peiking, the Peiking–Tientsin Operation, and by the Japanese as the North China Incident was a series of battles of the Second Sino-Japanese War fought in the proximity of Beiping and Tianjin. It resulted in a Japanese victory.
The defense of the Great Wall was a campaign between the armies of Republic of China and Empire of Japan, which took place before the Second Sino-Japanese War officially commenced in 1937 and after the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1931. It is known in Japanese as Operation Nekka and in many English sources as the First Battle of Hopei.
The Battle of Rehe was the second part of Operation Nekka, a campaign by which the Empire of Japan successfully captured the Inner Mongolian province of Rehe from the Chinese warlord Zhang Xueliang and annexed it to the new state of Manchukuo. The battle was fought from February 21 to March 1, 1933.
The Battle of Lanfeng, in the Second Sino-Japanese War, was part of the larger campaign for Northern and Eastern Henan and took place at the same time as the Battle of Xuzhou was occurring.
Wang Jingjiu or Wang Ching-chiu (王敬久) (1902–1968) was a general in China's National Revolutionary Army. He commanded the 87th Division and was engaged in the Chinese Civil War and suppressing the Chahar People's Anti-Japanese Army in 1933. His Division became one of the Chinese-German trained Divisions forme in 1936–37. It fought under the 71st Corps at the Battle of Shanghai and Battle of Nanking. The following year he commanded 25th Corps in the Battle of Wuhan and in the Battle of Nanchang in 1939. He later commanded the 10th Army Group in the Battle of Zhejiang-Jiangxi of 1942, Western Hubei Campaign of 1943, and Western Hunan Campaign of 1945.
Operation Chahar, known in Chinese as the Nankou Campaign, occurred in August 1937, following the Battle of Beiping-Tianjin at the beginning of Second Sino-Japanese War.
Sun Lianzhong was a Chinese general during the Warlord Era, Second Sino-Japanese War and Chinese Civil War. Best known for his command of the 2nd Group Army in the Battle of Taierzhuang, he had a long career in the army.
The He-Umezu Agreement was a secret agreement between the Empire of Japan and the Republic of China that was concluded on 10 June 1935, two years prior to the outbreak of general hostilities during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
Yu Xuezhong was a general in the armed forces of the Republic of China during World War II, and later a pro-Communist politician in the People's Republic of China, after Mao Zedong took power.
The Order of battle Beiping–Hankou Railway Operation
Order of battle Tianjin–Pukou Railway Operation
Sun Zhen was a General of the National Revolutionary Army during the Second Sino-Japanese War and Chinese Civil War.
The Battle of Xuzhou was fought in May 1938 as part of the Second Sino-Japanese War.
This is the Battle of Pingxingguan order of battle during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
Ou Zhen, or Ou Chen, was a KMT army general from Qujiang, Guangdong.
Zhang Lingyun or Chang Ling-yun, was a general in the Chinese National Revolutionary Army during the Warlord era and Second Sino-Japanese War.
The following units and commanders fought in the Battle of Northern and Eastern Henan.
