130th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment

130th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry
	130th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry Monument at the Antietam National Battlefield
Active	August 1862 to May 21, 1863
Country	United States
Allegiance	Union
Branch	Infantry
Engagements	Battle of Antietam ; Battle of Fredericksburg ; Battle of Chancellorsville

Last updated August 15, 2019

The 130th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

Infantry military service branch that specializes in combat by individuals on foot

Infantry is a military specialization that engages in military combat on foot, distinguished from cavalry, artillery, and tank forces. Also known as foot soldiers or infanteers, infantry traditionally relies on moving by foot between combats as well, but may also use mounts, military vehicles, or other transport. Infantry make up a large portion of all armed forces in most nations, and typically bear the largest brunt in warfare, as measured by casualties, deprivation, or physical and psychological stress.

A regiment is a military unit. Their role and size varies markedly, depending on the country and the arm of service.

During the American Civil War, the Union Army referred to the United States Army, the land force that fought to preserve the Union of the collective states. Also known as the Federal Army, it proved essential to the preservation of the United States as a working, viable republic.

Service

The 130th Pennsylvania Infantry was organized at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, in August 1862 and mustered in under the command of Colonel Henry I. Zinn.

Harrisburg is the capital city of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in the United States, and the county seat of Dauphin County. With a population of 49,229, it is the 15th largest city in the Commonwealth. It lies on the east bank of the Susquehanna River, 107 miles (172 km) west of Philadelphia. Harrisburg is the anchor of the Susquehanna Valley metropolitan area, which had a 2018 estimated population of 574,659, making it the fourth most populous in Pennsylvania and 96th most populous in the United States.

Pennsylvania, officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state located in the northeastern, Great Lakes and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States. The Appalachian Mountains run through its middle. The Commonwealth is bordered by Delaware to the southeast, Maryland to the south, West Virginia to the southwest, Ohio to the west, Lake Erie and the Canadian province of Ontario to the northwest, New York to the north, and New Jersey to the east.

In the United States Army, Marine Corps, and Air Force, colonel is the most senior field grade military officer rank, immediately above the rank of lieutenant colonel and immediately below the rank of brigadier general. It is equivalent to the naval rank of captain in the other uniformed services. The pay grade for colonel is O-6.

The regiment was attached to 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, II Corps, Army of the Potomac.

II Corps (Union Army) military formation in the American Civil War

There were five corps in the Union Army designated as II Corps during the American Civil War. These formations were the Army of the Cumberland II Corps commanded by Thomas L. Crittenden from October 24, 1862, to November 5, 1862, later renumbered XXI Corps; the Army of the Mississippi II corps led by William T. Sherman from January 4, 1863, to January 12, 1863, renumbered XV Corps; Army of the Ohio II Corps commanded by Thomas L. Crittenden from September 29, 1862, to October 24, 1862, transferred to Army of the Cumberland; Army of Virginia II Corps led by Nathaniel P. Banks from June 26, 1862, to September 4, 1862, and Alpheus S. Williams from September 4, 1862, to September 12, 1862, renumbered XII Corps; and the Army of the Potomac II Corps from March 13, 1862, to June 28, 1865.

The Army of the Potomac was the principal Union Army in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War. It was created in July 1861 shortly after the First Battle of Bull Run and was disbanded in May 1865 following the surrender of the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia in April.

The 130th Pennsylvania Infantry mustered out May 21, 1863.

Detailed service

Moved to Washington, D.C., August 18, and duty there until September 7. Marched to Rockville, Md., September 7-12. A Maryland Campaign. Battle of Antietam September 16-17. Moved to Harpers Ferry, Va., September 22, and duty there until October 30. Advance up Loudon Valley and movement to Falmouth, Va., October 30-November 19. Battle of Fredericksburg, Va., December 12-15. Duty at Falmouth until April, 1863. Chancellorsville Campaign April 27-May 6. Battle of Chancellorsville May 1-5.

Casualties

The regiment lost a total of 92 men during service; 4 officers and 56 enlisted men killed or mortally wounded, 32 enlisted men died of disease.

Commanders

Colonel Henry I. Zinn - killed in action at the Battle of Fredericksburg
Colonel Levi Maish
Major Joseph S. Jenkins - commanded at the Battle of Chancellorsville after Col. Maish was wounded in action
Captain William M. Porter - commanded at the Battle of Fredericksburg after the death of Col. Zinn

Levi Maish was a Democratic member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

In the United States Army, Marine Corps, and Air Force, major is a field grade military officer rank above the rank of captain and below the rank of lieutenant colonel. It is equivalent to the naval rank of lieutenant commander in the other uniformed services. Although lieutenant commanders are considered junior officers by their respective services, the rank of major is considered field grade in the United States Army and the United States Marine Corps.

In the United States Army (USA), U.S. Marine Corps (USMC), and U.S. Air Force (USAF), captain is a company grade officer rank, with the pay grade of O-3. It ranks above first lieutenant and below major. It is equivalent to the rank of lieutenant in the Navy/Coast Guard officer rank system. The insignia for the rank consists of two silver bars, with slight stylized differences between the Army/Air Force version and the Marine Corps version.

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References

Brehm, Samuel Henry. The Civil War Journal of Samuel Henry Brehm: 130th Regiment of Pennsylvania Volunteers, Newville, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, August 8, 1862 to May 21, 1863 (Hamilton, Ontario: W. A. Brehm), 2005. ISBN 0-9738-6690-X
Dyer, Frederick H. A Compendium of the War of the Rebellion (Des Moines, IA: Dyer Pub. Co.), 1908.
Hays, John. The 130 Regiment, Pennsylvania Volunteers in the Maryland Campaign and the Battle of Antietam: An Address Delivered June 7, 1894, Before Capt. Colwell Post 201 G.A.R. (Carlisle, PA: Herald Print. Co.), 1894.
One Hundred and Thirtieth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry: Ceremonies and Addresses at Dedication of Monument at Bloody Lane, Antietam Battlefield, September 17, 1904 (S.l.: s.n.), 1904.
Spangler, Edward W. My Little War Experience: With Historical Sketches and Memorabilia (York, PA: York Daily Pub. Co.), 1904.

International Standard Book Number Unique numeric book identifier

The International Standard Book Number (ISBN) is a numeric commercial book identifier which is intended to be unique. Publishers purchase ISBNs from an affiliate of the International ISBN Agency.

Attribution

This article contains text from a text now in the public domain : Dyer, Frederick H. (1908). A Compendium of the War of the Rebellion. Des Moines, IA: Dyer Publishing Co.

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