1st Georgia Infantry Battalion (Union)

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1st Georgia Infantry Battalion
ActiveOctober 31, 1864 – July 19, 1865
DisbandedJuly 19, 1865
CountryFlag of the United States (1865-1867).svg  United States
Allegiance Union
Branch United States Army
Union Army
Type Infantry
Size Battalion
Part of1st Brigade, 2nd Separate Division, District of the Etowah, Department of the Cumberland
Engagements American Civil War

The 1st Battalion of Georgia Infantry (Union) was an infantry battalion that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War, despite being organized from a state that had seceded from the Union.

Infantry military service branch that specializes in combat by individuals on foot

Infantry is the branch of an army that engages in military combat on foot, distinguished from cavalry, artillery, and tank forces. Also known as foot soldiers, infantry traditionally relies on moving by foot between combats as well, but may also use mounts, military vehicles, or other transport. Infantry make up a large portion of all armed forces in most nations, and typically bear the largest brunt in warfare, as measured by casualties, deprivation, or physical and psychological stress.

Battalion military unit size

A battalion is a military unit. The use of the term "battalion" varies by nationality and branch of service. Typically a battalion consists of 300 to 800 soldiers and is divided into a number of companies. A battalion is typically commanded by a lieutenant colonel. In some countries, the word "battalion" is associated with the infantry.

Union Army Land force that fought for the Union during the American Civil War

During the American Civil War, the Union Army referred to the United States Army, the land force that fought to preserve the Union of the collective states. Also known as the Federal Army, it proved essential to the preservation of the United States of America as a working, viable republic.

Contents

History

In late 1864, the Federal armies under William T. Sherman had captured Atlanta and were marching towards the Atlantic Ocean and the port city of Savannah. At the end of October, efforts were made to recruit loyal men to join the Federal army for duty in the rear lines to free up veterans for front-line combat duty. A number of men from Dawson County enlisted in two companies, and others from Pickens County joined Company B. Some of these enlistees were ex-POWs from Atlanta who had served in the Confederate States Army, but had since sworn allegiance to the Federal government. The battalion was mustered in at Marietta, Georgia on October 31, 1864. It was assigned as an unattached unit to the Department of the Cumberland, and subsequently guarded the Western & Atlantic Railroad near Dalton, Georgia, until March 1865.

Atlantic Ocean Ocean between Europe, Africa and the Americas

The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the world's oceans, with an area of about 106,460,000 square kilometers. It covers approximately 20 percent of the Earth's surface and about 29 percent of its water surface area. It separates the "Old World" from the "New World".

Savannah, Georgia City in Georgia, United States

Savannah is the oldest city in the U.S. state of Georgia and is the county seat of Chatham County. Established in 1733 on the Savannah River, the city of Savannah became the British colonial capital of the Province of Georgia and later the first state capital of Georgia. A strategic port city in the American Revolution and during the American Civil War, Savannah is today an industrial center and an important Atlantic seaport. It is Georgia's fifth-largest city, with a 2017 estimated population of 146,444. The Savannah metropolitan area, Georgia's third-largest, had an estimated population of 387,543 in 2017.

Dawson County, Georgia County in the United States

Dawson County is a county located in the north central portion of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 22,330. The county seat is Dawsonville.

The battalion was then attached to the 1st Brigade, 2nd Separate Division, District of the Etowah, Department of the Cumberland, and guarded the railroads near the Etowah River until mid-July 1865. The battalion was mustered out in Dawson County on July 19, 1865.

Etowah River river in Georgia

The Etowah River is a 164-mile-long (264 km) waterway that rises northwest of Dahlonega, Georgia, north of Atlanta. On Matthew Carey's 1795 map the river was labeled "High Town River". On later maps, such as the 1839 Cass County map, it was referred to as "Hightower River", a name that was used in most early Cherokee records.

Battalion officers and men

Union County, Georgia County in the United States

Union County is a county located in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 21,356. The county seat is Blairsville.

Pickens County, Georgia County in the United States

Pickens County is a county located in the north central portion of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 29,431. The county seat is Jasper.

See also

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References

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