Schoonoord, South Africa

Last updated
Schoonoord
Kgalatlou
South Africa Limpopo location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Schoonoord
South Africa adm location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Schoonoord
Coordinates: 24°44′56″S30°00′36″E / 24.749°S 30.010°E / -24.749; 30.010
Country South Africa
Province Limpopo
District Sekhukhune
Municipality Makhuduthamaga
Area
[1]
  Total12.36 km2 (4.77 sq mi)
Population
 (2001) [1]
  Total7,556
  Density610/km2 (1,600/sq mi)
Racial makeup (2001)
[1]
   Black African 99.96%
   Indian/Asian 0.04%
First languages (2001)
[1]
   Northern Sotho, Sepedi 97.98%
   Swazi 0.67%
   Sotho 0.4%
  Other0.95%
Time zone UTC+2 (SAST)
Postal code (street)
1124
Website http://www.schoonoordonline.co.za/

Schoonoord is a village in Sekhukhune District Municipality in the Limpopo province of South Africa.It is one of first villages to develop early in Sekhukhune. The name Schoonoord is Dutch, it is imposed on the natives of this area by Berlin Missionary Society. Schoonoord is the center of the Sekhukhune District in Limpopo. Another name for it is Sekhukhune

Contents

The name Kgalatlou was popularly used before the missionary establishment in this village. Kgalatlou is situated between two mountains, a bigger one called Leolo Mountain and the smaller other called Kgalatlou. "Kgalatlou refers to the small holding plots, the mountain, the stream that runs between the mountains and the Lutheran Church which is situated on the smaller mountain." Mahapa (1987)

Etymology

Kgalatlou is a portmanteau of animal names: Kgala-Crab and Tlou-Elephant. The water stream was a habitat to "King Crabs." The crabs were compared to an elephant in size hence the name Kgalatlou.

Alexander Merensky, a missionary, obtained permission to establish a mission from Kgoshi Sekwati, Sekhukhune kgoshi ya bapedi. A mission station was established in 1861 at Kgalatlou which was later officially named Schoonoord. A police station, post office and magistrate court were subsequently established. The offices were referred to as " ka lekgoweng" meaning at the whiteman's place. Schoonoord is surrounded by villages called Tshehlwaneng, Manganeng, Tsatane, Mashite and Maila.

Traditional Leadership

Kgoši Maloma

Kgoši Mashegoana (Legare le Tswaledi)

Kgoši Mogashoa

Kgoši Seopela

Kgoši Tshesane

The chiefs co-exist in harmony despite their minor cultural practices, they have always shared water resources from the stream also called Kgalatlou and continue to farm alongside each other. Kgoshi Seopela was the first chief to arrive in this area and he is therefore the authority in this area. It is customary that a migrant or chief arriving at a territory must pay a courtesy visit to the presiding chief so that they can be allocated a piece of land.

Kotsiri and Phase 4 are built on idle pieces of land which were once plantations for subsistence farming. They are new sections in the Schoonoord jurisdiction which developed as a result of influx of people from neighboring villages and descendants from the five chiefs. GaSekele "eMkhondone" is situated on the east of Kgalatlou mountain. It is a place of residence of the Swazi and Sepedi speaking group.

Administration

The South African government established the bantustans also known as the homelands. The northern homeland for Bapedi people was called Lebowa which is Sepedi for North. It is located in the Transvaal in north eastern South Africa. The Lebowa administration had offices across the homeland, the Sekhukhune Office was responsible for the community management of the schoonoord area. It is located on the foot of Kgalatlou Mountain which is on the border of Kgoshi Tshesane and Kgoshi Seopela compound. Kgalatlou mountain forms part of the Leolo mountains range which spread North towards Ga-Nchabeleng and South towards Stofberg. The administration offices included home affairs office where people from neighboring villages came for birth registration and Identity documents. During the Lebowa administration people travelled largely by buses across the homeland. They travelled from surrounding villages to Schoonoord and the bus stop was a hive of activity that attracted entrepreneurs. The movement of people towards the offices resulted in a small scale economic development in the village. The selling and buying of fruits, vegetables and refreshments dominated trade, and the makeshift stalls formed a commercial landscape of the village.

The formal trading was a preserve of a handful of families that included the Maloma's and Mogale's who established their businesses in the 1970s and maintained them through generations until the 2010s. From 2011 Asians brought indomitable competition in both formal and informal trade.

Culture

Dinaka means horns. In Sepedi culture dinaka also refers to a traditional dance done by men and teenage boys, it is performed during weddings celebrations and initiation school graduation. The music that participants dance to is produced from a cow or impala horn. The skill shortage and unavailability of impala horns resulted in lack of music instruments for the dance however penny whistles and similar modern instruments are used.

Dipapetlwane is a women's dance, the rhythmic sound which participants dance to is produced by handmade shakers which are worn on the legs to provide an acoustic sound.

Tja Manyalo (wedding songs with a fast-paced techno rhythm) is a music genre which is exclusive to the greater Sepedi speaking region of the Limpopo province. It is performed at weddings by the bridal party and accompanied by a dance move called S'TEPE meaning step.

Koma is a cultural initiation practice for both girls and boys into adulthood. It is practiced by the three chiefs namely Maloma, Mashegoana and Seopela. There is a dispute between the incumbent chief at Kgoši Tshesane's compound and the royal council on the practice of initiation (Koma). The dispute is that Koma should not be practiced as it is not part of their heritage. It was not practiced by the forefathers of the incumbent chief and from this background the royal council disapproves of it. However those willing to get initiated into manhood by neighboring chiefs are not prohibited. Koma in the Schoonoord community and the Sekhukhune region at large has always been safe and fatality free.

Religion

The community subscribes to African traditions and Christian values. The conflict of practicing both African traditions and Christian religion is widespread. There are several churches in the community namely Roman Catholic, Dutch Reformed, Lutheran Bapedi Church, Zion Christian Church, and the Evangelical Lutheran Church in S.A (ELCSA). The three Lutheran churches are located at Kgoši Tshesane's compound. The Lutheran Bapedi Church was established in 1889/90 by Reverend Johannes August Winter and Martinus Sebushane Moganedi, who had broken away from the German Lutheran Berlin Missionary Society. [2] [3]

There are Afro-Christian churches called "Mapostola". They emphasise a spiritual healing and it is common to find a leader in these churches with a spiritual gift of healing and to this effect they are referred to as "kereke tša moya". There are also Charismatic churches referred to as Bazalwane.

Health Facilities

The Clinic at Schoonoord forms part of the pillars of development in this town. In the 1980s the clinic was used as a center for the "Operation Hunger" gardening project. This poverty alleviation project was administered at the clinic because the clinic had reliable water and malnutritioned children were identified for relief when they came for their regular vaccination sessions.

Community Hall

Peter Nchabeleng Sports Complex in Kotsiri

Schools

Kgalatlou High School

Makatane High School

Semashego Primary School

Schoonoord Primary School

Legare High School

Tšhabadietla High School

PhutloTau High School

Matime Primary School

Kgobisi Primary School

Tswaledi Pre-School Mokale Primary School

Mountains

Seolwane

Kgalatlou

Šalabje

Mmadišwane

Nokomeetse

Lepopotlwane

Maadimo

Legare

Tshehla

Tšhweu

Notable People

Professor Malekgapuru William Makgoba

Professor Mogobo Boy Nokaneng

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Northern Sotho</span> Sotho-Tswana language spoken in South Africa

Sesotho sa Lebowa is a Sotho-Tswana language group spoken in the northeastern provinces of South Africa, most commonly in Mpumalanga, Gauteng and the Limpopo provinces. It is erroneously commonly referred to in its standardised form as Pedi or Sepedi and holds the status of an official language in South Africa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Limpopo</span> Northernmost province of South Africa

Limpopo is the northernmost province of South Africa. It is named after the Limpopo River, which forms the province's western and northern borders. The capital and largest city in the province is Polokwane, while the provincial legislature is situated in Lebowakgomo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lebowa</span> Former bantustan in South Africa

Lebowa was a bantustan ("homeland") located in the Transvaal in northeastern South Africa. Seshego initially acted as Lebowa's capital while the purpose-built Lebowakgomo was being constructed. Granted internal self-government on 2 October 1972 and ruled for much of its existence by Cedric Phatudi, Lebowa was reincorporated into South Africa in 1994. It became part of the Limpopo province. The territory was not contiguous, being divided into two major and several minor portions.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sotho-Tswana peoples</span> Meta-ethnicity of southern Africa

The Sotho-Tswana, also known as the Sotho or Basotho, although the term is now closely associated with the Southern Sotho peoples are a meta-ethnicity of Southern Africa. They are a large and diverse group of people who speak Sotho-Tswana languages. The group is predominantly found in Botswana, Lesotho, South Africa, and the western part of Zambia. Smaller groups can also be found in Namibia and Zimbabwe.

Lebowakgomo is the seat of the Lepelle-Nkumpi Local Municipality and was the capital of the former Bantustan of Lebowa. Lebowakgomo lies 45 km (28 mi) southeast of the Limpopo capital of Polokwane. The majority of Lebowakgomo's inhabitants speak SePedi.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pedi people</span> Sotho-Tswana ethnic group of northeast South Africa

The Pedi or Bapedi, also known as the Sotho, Basotho, Northern Sotho, Basotho ba Lebowa, Transvaal Sotho, Marota, or Dikgoshi.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sekhukhune</span> King of the Bapedi

Sekhukhune I was the paramount King of the Marota, more commonly known as the Bapedi, from 21 September 1861 until his assassination on 13 August 1882 by his rival and half-brother, Mampuru II. As the Pedi paramount leader he was faced with political challenges from Voortrekkers, the independent South African Republic, the British Empire, and considerable social change caused by Christian missionaries.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alexander Merensky</span> German missionary in South Africa

Alexander Merensky was a German missionary, working in South Africa (Transvaal) from 1859 to 1892.

Green Farm is a village in the province of Limpopo in South Africa. The village is situated in the north east region of Limpopo province within the newly demarcated Collins Chabane Local Municipality. It used to be part of the Thulamela local municipality, Vhembe district. The village is located

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sekhukhuneland</span> Natural region in South Africa

Sekhukhuneland or Sekukuniland is a natural region in north-east South Africa, located in the historical Transvaal zone, former Transvaal Province, also known as Bopedi. The region is named after the 19th-century King, Sekhukhune I.

Jane Furse is a town in the Sekhukhune District Municipality of the Limpopo province in South Africa, surrounded by the villages of Ga-Moretsele, Madibong, Marulaneng, Mamone, Mokwete and Riverside.

Praktiseer is a town in Sekhukhune District Municipality in the Limpopo province of South Africa.

Ga Riba is a village located in the Bushveld Complex in Fetakgomo Tubatse Local Municipality in the Limpopo province of South Africa.

Marulaneng is a village in the Sekhukhune District Municipality in the Limpopo Province, South Africa. Marulaneng falls within the administrative boundaries of the Makhuduthamaga Local Municipality.

Setumong is a large village in the Polokwane Local Municipality of the Capricorn District Municipality in the Limpopo province of South Africa. It is the capital of the Ga-Matlala tribal chieftaincy and headquarters the Bakone Traditional Council. It located about 48 km northwest of the city of Polokwane on the Matlala Road.

The Pulana, or Mapulana, are a low-veld ethnic group found in Bushbuckridge near Mpumalanga and Limpopo provinces. Their language is called Sepulana and is considered a dialect of the [[Northern Sotho language] group. although it is a northern sotho dialect it also hugely influenced by Xitsonga,Swati,Afrikaans,English. and setswana

Makotopong is a village located 30 km outside the town of Polokwane within the province of Limpopo in South Africa. Makotopong falls under the Polokwane Local Municipality.

Mampuru II was a king of the Pedi people in southern Africa. Mampuru was a son of the elder brother of Sekwati and claimed he had been designated as his successor.

Peter Mampogoane Nchabeleng was a South African trade unionist and anti-apartheid activist who died in police detention in the Lebowa bantustan in April 1986. At the time of his death, he was the inaugural chairperson of the United Democratic Front in the Northern Transvaal and head of the underground African National Congress (ANC) in the same region.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Johannes August Winter</span> German missionary (1847–1921)

Johannes August Winter was a German Lutheran missionary for the Berlin Missionary Society (BMS) who played an important role in the formation of the Lutheran Bapedi Church in South Africa at the turn of the 19th century, against a backdrop of competing political and economic power struggles between British, Afrikaner and native tribal interests.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Sub Place Schoonoord". Census 2001.
  2. Zöllner, Linda; Heese, J.A. (1984). The Berlin Missionaries in South Africa and their Descendants. Pretoria: Human Sciences Research Council, Institute for Historial Research. p. 14. ISBN   0796900108.
  3. Delius, Peter; Rüther, Kirsten (2010). "J.A. Winter – Visionary or Mercenary? A Missionary Life in Colonial Context". South African Historical Journal. 62 (2): 309. doi:10.1080/02582473.2010.493005.