Silly Symphony (comic strip)

Last updated
Silly Symphony
Author(s) Earl Duvall, Ted Osborne, Merrill De Maris, Hubie Karp, Bill Walsh
Illustrator(s) Earl Duvall, Al Taliaferro, Hank Porter, Bob Grant, Karl Karpé, Paul Murry, Dick Moores
Current status/scheduleConcluded Sunday topper strip
Launch dateJanuary 10, 1932
End dateOctober 7, 1945
Syndicate(s) King Features Syndicate
Genre(s) Humor
Funny animals

Silly Symphony (initially titled Silly Symphonies) is a weekly Disney comic strip that debuted on January 10, 1932, as a topper for the Mickey Mouse strip's Sunday page. [1] The strip featured adaptations of Walt Disney's popular short film series, Silly Symphony , which released 75 cartoons from 1929 to 1939, as well as other cartoons and animated films. [2] The comic strip outlived its parent series by six years, ending on October 7, 1945. [1]

Contents

Silly Symphony initially related the adventures of Bucky Bug, the first Disney character to originate in the comics. [3] It went on to print loose adaptations of Silly Symphony shorts, often using the characters and setting of the original shorts, but adding new plotlines and incidents. Later, it went on to print adaptations of some of Disney's feature films, as well as periods of gag strips featuring Donald Duck and Pluto. By late 1935, the strip had become a standalone half-page, and was no longer strictly a topper for the Mickey Mouse Sunday strip.

The strip was initially titled Silly Symphonies; after two years, the name was changed to Silly Symphony. The switch happened in the February 18, 1934 strip, just three weeks before Bucky Bug would be replaced with a new storyline, "Birds of a Feather". [4]

The complete strip has been reprinted in four hardcover collections, Silly Symphonies: The Complete Disney Classics , published from 2016 to 2019 by IDW Publishing's Library of American Comics imprint.

Development

The original creative team for the strip was animator Earl Duvall and artist Al Taliaferro, with Duvall responsible for writing and penciling, and Taliaferro inking. Duvall, who wrote the Silly Symphony short Bugs in Love , created Bucky Bug as the hero of the new Sunday strip. [5] In the first sequence, which lasts for three months, a young bug is born and sets forth into the world to make a name for himself. Stumped for a name, he asks the readers for help, and the strip encouraged readers to write to their newspapers with name suggestions. In the strip, a big pile of letters is delivered to the bug, and he spends two weeks combing through the letters to reveal the winning name: Bucky Bug. [4] Bucky travels through the forest to make his fortune, meeting up with a "friendly tramp" named Bo, and traveling to the insect city of Junkville. Bucky falls in love with the beautiful June Bugg, and her father—the mayor of Junkville—makes Bucky a general of his army. The bug couple is happy, but just a few strips later, the alarm sounds to alert the community that war has been declared by the flies. [4]

Duvall began an epic battle against the flies which raged for 28 weeks, but just before the story ended in April 1933, Duvall suddenly left the Disney studio. Animator Jack Kinney wrote that Duvall owed Walt Disney several weeks worth of storyboards, and Duvall simply gathered his belongings one day and left the company, "leaving Walt holding the bag". [6] Alberto Becattini suggests that Duvall's hasty exit was due to owing money to his colleagues that he couldn't pay. [7] Whatever the reason for Duvall's departure was, Taliaferro became the artist for the strip, and he remained in that position for six years, with Ted Osborne as the strip's writer. Osborne and Taliaferro continued the story of Bucky for another 11 months, finally ending the saga on March 4, 1934. [5]

In 1934, Taliaferro drew the Silly Symphony story arc based on the cartoon The Wise Little Hen , which featured the first appearance of Donald Duck as a secondary character. That story, which lasted on the Sunday pages from September to December 1934, gave Taliaferro a particular liking for the Duck's character. [4] He pitched the idea of a Donald strip to Walt Disney, and Disney allowed him a trial run in the Silly Symphony comic. Finishing up a "The Three Little Pigs" adaptation, Taliaferro and writer Ted Osborne began an extended run of Donald Duck gag strips from August 30, 1936, to December 5, 1937. [8] Taliaferro then pitched the idea of a solo Donald comic strip to King Features Syndicate, working with writers Merrill De Maris and Homer Brightman. [9] On February 2, 1938, the Donald Duck comic strip started appearing in daily newspapers. A Sunday version was added on December 10, 1939. [1]

For the strip's first four years—from "Bucky Bug" through "The Further Adventures of the Three Little Pigs"—all of the dialogue was written in rhyming couplets. This changed with the 15-month period from August 1936 to December 1937 when Donald Duck was featured in the strip, often performing pantomime gags with little or no dialogue at all. When Donald relinquished the strip in favor of an adaptation of the new Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs film, the dialogue was written in storybook style, without rhyming couplets, and the rhymes never returned. [10]

The Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs sequence was the first of many newspaper comic strip adaptations of newly released Disney animated features. The film's general release in February 1938 came in the middle of the newspaper continuity, which was published from December 1937 to April 1938. The strip used a number of story ideas that were ultimately abandoned in the film, including a more elaborate and comical meeting between the Prince and Snow White (in which Snow White creates a "dummy" of her dream prince, which the real Prince sneaks into), and an entire storyline in which the Evil Queen kidnaps the Prince to prevent him from saving Snow White. [11]

After the Snow White adaptation in 1938, the strip featured a mix of the three established motifs—further adaptations of Silly Symphony shorts ( Farmyard Symphony , The Ugly Duckling ) and animated features ( Pinocchio and Bambi ) and several runs of gag strips featuring a popular character, Pluto.

Pluto was given star billing in a five-week run of strips titled Pluto the Pup, which ran from February 19 to March 19, 1939. The dog's owner, Mickey Mouse, was already featured in the other cartoon on the Mickey Mouse strip's Sunday page, and by this time, Donald Duck was also busy in his own strip, so in Pluto's first Silly Symphony run, he lives with Mickey's friend, Goofy (in the first strip, Goofy complains to Pluto, "Why'd I tell Mickey I'd take care of yuh?"). Later, Pluto is also seen being cared for by Minnie Mouse, Clarabelle Cow and Horace Horsecollar. [12]

Pluto's run was interrupted by a month-long adaptation of The Ugly Duckling, and then he returned for a much longer period, from April 23 to December 17, 1939. This was followed by a two-month adaptation of Pinocchio, and then Pluto returned for his third and final Silly Symphony stint, from April 14 to November 3, 1940. [12]

Starting in 1942, the strip featured José Carioca, who had recently been introduced in the film Saludos Amigos . According to comics historian Maurice Horn: "The first Sunday page opened with a panoramic tour of Rio de Janeiro before closing up on the shack that was 'the home of a young-man-about-town, a gay carefree Brazilian papagaio named José Carioca'. This marked the first U.S. appearance of the nattily-dressed, pleasure-seeking parrot... The gags were quite unsophisticated and revolved around three main themes: the antihero's scheming to get a free meal, his pursuit of the opposite sex, and his imaginative avoidance of work". [13] The strip also included José's friends João and Nestor, and featured continuing stories. Alberto Becattini notes: "In spite of always being broke, the parrot liked to attend posh restaurants and hotels, where he often met with such curvy bird-faced chicas as the wealthy María Rocha Vaz, the blonde dancer Rae, and Gloria del Orto, in a series of adventures that even led him to the Amazon forest". [14]

In April 1944, José was joined by the Mexican rooster Panchito, who would be introduced as José's companion in the 1945 film The Three Caballeros . José and Panchito competed to win the heart of the horse-riding Mimi, and a few months later, in October, Panchito took over the strip. [14]

With Panchito as the main character, the action of the strip moved to Mexico, and became a gag-a-week strip featuring the rooster and his horse, Señor Martinez. [14] Horn describes this cycle as well: "José made way for another Latin-American knockabout, the fiery rooster Panchito... As energetic as José was lazy, the sombrero-hatted, gun-toting Mexican fowl was always shown riding horses, fighting bulls, and lassoing cattle, when he was not busy wooing his chick, the fickle Chiquita". [13] The final strip ran on October 7, 1945. [1]

Ending

On October 14, 1945, the strip was replaced by Uncle Remus and His Tales of Br'er Rabbit , a strip inspired by the upcoming 1946 film Song of the South . The Uncle Remus strip began, like the others, as a topper for the Mickey Mouse strip, but after the first few years, almost always appeared on its own. [15] The previous comic strip adaptations of Disney films lasted for four or five months, but the Uncle Remus strip continued for almost thirty years, telling new stories of Br'er Rabbit and friends, until the strip was discontinued on December 31, 1972. [16]

Two more Silly Symphony-style feature film adaptations appeared in the early 50s, running 16 weeks each: Cinderella (1950) and Alice in Wonderland (1951). [14]

A similar Sunday strip, Walt Disney's Treasury of Classic Tales , launched on July 13, 1952, with The Story of Robin Hood , a five-month adaptation of Disney's 1952 live-action film. The strip, which was principally a vehicle for promoting new and re-released Disney films, [17] adapted both live-action films and cartoons. The strip ran for 35 years, until February 15, 1987. [18]

Storylines

The headings in the table below refer to the IDW Publishing reprint collections, Silly Symphonies: The Complete Disney Classics . Writing and art credits are from the reprint collections.

TitleYearDatesBased onWritingArt
Volume 1: Introducing Bucky Bug (1932-1935)
Bucky Bug 1932-1934Jan 10, 1932 - Mar 4, 1934 Bugs in Love (1932) Earl Duvall, Ted Osborne
& Merrill De Maris 		Earl Duvall
& Al Taliaferro
Birds of a Feather 1934 Mar 11 - June 17 Birds in the Spring (1933)Ted OsborneAl Taliaferro
Penguin IsleJuly 1 - Sept 9 Peculiar Penguins (1934)
The Wise Little HenSept 16 - Dec 16 The Wise Little Hen (1934)
The Boarding-School Mystery1934-1935Dec 23 - Feb 17 The Tortoise and the Hare (1935)
The Robber Kitten 1935 Feb 24 - Apr 21 The Robber Kitten (1935)
CookielandApr 28 - July 21 The Cookie Carnival (1935)
Volume 2: Featuring the Three Little Pigs (1935-1939)
Three Little Kittens1935July 28 - Oct 20 Three Orphan Kittens (1935)Ted OsborneAl Taliaferro
The Life and Adventures of Elmer the Elephant1935-1936Oct 27 - Jan 12 Elmer Elephant (1936)
The Further Adventures of the Three Little Pigs 1936 Jan 19 - Aug 23 Three Little Wolves (1936)
Donald Duck1936-1937 Aug 30, 1936 - Dec 5, 1937Gag strips featuring Donald Duck
Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs1937-1938Dec 12 - Apr 24 Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937)Merrill De MarisHank Porter (pencil)
& Bob Grant (ink)
The Practical Pig 1938 May 1 - Aug 7 The Practical Pig (1939)Al Taliaferro
Mother PlutoAug 14 - Oct 16 Mother Pluto (1936)
The Farmyard SymphonyOct 23 - Nov 27 Farmyard Symphony (1938)
Timid Elmer1938-1939Dec 4 - Feb 12 Elmer Elephant (1936)
Volume 3: Featuring Pluto, Goofy, Pinocchio... and More! (1939-1942)
Pluto the Pup 1939 Feb 19 - March 19Gag strips featuring Pluto Merrill De MarisAl Taliaferro
The Ugly DucklingMarch 26 - April 16 The Ugly Duckling (1939)
Pluto the PupApr 23 - Dec 17Gag strips featuring Pluto Hubie KarpBob Grant (pencil)
& Al Taliaferro (ink)
Pinocchio1939-1940Dec 24 - April 7 Pinocchio (1940)Merrill De MarisHank Porter (pencil)
& Bob Grant (ink)
Pluto the Pup 1940 April 14 - Nov 3Gag strips featuring Pluto Hubie KarpBob Grant
Little Hiawatha1940-1942Nov 10 - July 12 Little Hiawatha (1937)
Volume 4: Featuring José Carioca and Panchito (1942-1945)
Bambi 1942 July 19 - Oct 4 Bambi (1942)Merrill De MarisBob Grant (pencil)
& Karl Karpé (ink)
José Carioca1942-1944 Oct 11- Oct 1Gag strips featuring José Carioca Hubie Karpfirst Bob Grant (pencil)
& Dick Moores (ink);
later Paul Murry (pencil)
& Karl Karpé (ink)
Panchito1944-1945 Oct 8- Oct 7Gag strips featuring Panchito Bill WalshPaul Murry (pencil)
& Dick Moores (ink)

Comic books

Strips from Silly Symphony were reprinted in Disney's flagship anthology comic book Walt Disney's Comics and Stories , beginning with some Pluto the Pup strips in issue #12 (September 1941), [19] followed by The Boarding-School Mystery in issue #14 (November 1941), [20] The Further Adventures of the Three Little Pigs in issue #15 (December 1941), [21] and an abridged version of Bucky Bug Gets His Name in issue #20 (May 1942). [22]

Three of the Silly Symphony stories inspired long-running features in Walt Disney's Comics and Stories.

Bucky Bug

In 1942–43, Walt Disney's Comics and Stories reprinted all of Duvall and Taliaferro's Bucky Bug strips in issues #20-28. Following this, the editors decided to produce new Bucky Bug stories, retaining the strip's use of verse in the story's dialogue and captions. [5] The first new Bucky story, "A Cure for Gout", appeared in issue #39 (December 1943), drawn by Taliaferro and Dick Moores. [23]

The second original story, "The Playground Plot", appeared in the following issue, #40 (January 1944). [24] This story was written and drawn by Carl Beuttner, who continued as the series' main creator until 1946, with his last story in issue #72 (Sept 1946). Beuttner added new characters, such as the Ant King and the Sheriff of Junkville. [5]

The Bucky stories published from issue #73 to #77 were written alternately by Vivie Risto and George Waiss, and then Ralph Heimdahl took over the series, starting with issue #78 (March 1947). [25] Heimdahl created all the Bucky stories until issue #99 (December 1948). Heimdahl introduced June's younger brother Junior Bugg in #79 (April 1947), and Junior continued to appear until #100 (January 1949). [5]

After Heimdahl's run, the remaining WDC&S Bucky stories were written by several creators, including Tony Strobl, Gil Turner, Jim Pabian and Tony Pabian. Bucky's last Comics and Stories story appeared in issue #120 (September 1950). [5]

Following this, Bucky's final solo comic story was published in the Silly Symphonies comic #6 (August 1956), drawn by Al Hubbard and featuring Bucky and Bo the tramp trying to capture a green lake monster. [26]

Bucky Bug stories briefly came back into fashion in the early 1990s, when Disney Comics reprinted some 1940s Bucky tales in Walt Disney's Comics and Stories, starting with issue #552 (Oct 1990) and ending with #576 (Oct 1992). A few Bucky stories were also printed in the Gemstone Publishing WDC&S issues in 2004 and 2005, and one was included in Gemstone's Walt Disney Treasures paperback collection in 2006.

Li'l Bad Wolf

"The Three Little Pigs" feature inspired the creation of Li'l Bad Wolf, the Big Bad Wolf's errant son, who wants to be friends with the Pigs. Li'l Bad Wolf's adventures began in Walt Disney's Comics and Stories issue #52 (Jan 1945), and he made regular appearances until almost the end of the comic's original run, issue #259 (April 1962).

Little Hiawatha

Little Hiawatha had his own monthly story in Walt Disney's Comics and Stories for two years, from issue #143 (Aug 1952) to #168 (September 1954).

Silly Symphonies comic book

Dell Comics also published a Silly Symphonies anthology comic book, with nine issues released at irregular intervals between September 1952 and February 1959. The series printed adaptations of a few of the Silly Symphony shorts that weren't adapted in the Sunday comic strip - The Grasshopper and the Ants , The Golden Touch and The Country Cousin - as well as stories featuring Silly Symphony characters, including Bucky Bug, Little Hiawatha, Elmer Elephant, Toby Tortoise and Spotty the Pig. There were also adaptations of non-Symphony Disney shorts like Lambert the Sheepish Lion , Morris the Midget Moose , and Chicken Little , and a large number of stories featuring characters from other projects, including Jiminy Cricket, Dumbo, Thumper, the Seven Dwarfs, Humphrey the Bear, and Bongo the Wonder Bear from Fun and Fancy Free . [5]

Reprints

The complete strip has been reprinted in four hardcover collections, Silly Symphonies: The Complete Disney Classics , published by IDW Publishing's Library of American Comics imprint.

The first volume, published in 2016, includes all of the strips from "Bucky Bug" (1932) to "Cookieland" (1935). Volume 2, also published in 2016, includes "Three Little Kittens" (1935) to "Timid Elmer" (1939). Volume 3, published in 2018, includes "Pluto the Pup" (1939) to "Little Hiawatha" (1942). The fourth volume, published in 2019, concludes the series with "Bambi" (1942) through "Panchito" (1945).

The copyright then passed to Fantagraphics, who started republishing the strips with a different layout in a new collection entitled Walt Disney's Silly Symphonies , beginning in April 2023.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Al Taliaferro</span> American comics artist

Charles Alfred "Al" Taliaferro, was an American Disney comics artist who produced Disney comic strips for King Features Syndicate. Taliaferro is best known for his work on the Donald Duck comic strip. Many of his strips were written by Bob Karp.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ted Osborne</span> Creator of Walt Disney Cartoon Characters

Theodore H. Osborne was an American writer of comics, radio shows and animated films, remembered for his contributions to the creation and refinement, during the 1930s, of Walt Disney cartoon characters.

Silly Symphony is an American animated series of 75 musical short films produced by Walt Disney Productions from 1929 to 1939. As the series name implies, the Silly Symphonies were originally intended as whimsical accompaniments to pieces of music. As such, the films usually did not feature continuing characters, unlike the Mickey Mouse shorts produced by Disney at the same time. The series is notable for its innovation with Technicolor and the multiplane motion picture camera, as well as its introduction of the character Donald Duck making his first appearance in the Silly Symphony cartoon The Wise Little Hen in 1934. Seven shorts won the Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film.

Disney comics are comic books and comic strips featuring characters created by the Walt Disney Company, including Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck and Scrooge McDuck.

Bucky Bug is a beetle who appears in Disney comics. He first appeared in the Silly Symphony Sunday comic strip, and later appeared as a regular feature in the comic book Walt Disney's Comics and Stories.

<i>Walt Disneys Comics and Stories</i> Anthology comic book series featuring Disney characters

Walt Disney's Comics and Stories, sometimes abbreviated WDC&S, is an American anthology comic book series featuring characters from The Walt Disney Company's films and shorts, including Donald Duck, Scrooge McDuck, Mickey Mouse, Chip 'n Dale, Li'l Bad Wolf, Scamp, Bucky Bug, Grandma Duck, Brer Rabbit, Winnie the Pooh, and others. With more than 700 issues, Walt Disney's Comics & Stories is the longest-running Disney comic book in the United States, making it the flagship title, and is one of the best-selling comic books of all time.

<i>Donald Duck</i> (American comic book) 1942–2017 American Disney comics magazine

Donald Duck, also known as Donald Duck and Friends, is an American Disney comic book series starring the character Donald Duck and published by various publishers from October 1942 to June 2017. As with many early Disney comics titles, Donald Duck began as individual issues of Dell Comics' Four Color one-shots series. It was published as its own regular series in November 1952, starting with issue #26.

Merrill De Maris was an American writer who worked on Disney comic strips for King Features Syndicate.

Paul Murry was an American cartoonist and comics artist. He is best known for his Disney comics, which appeared in Dell Comics and Gold Key Comics from 1946 to 1984, particularly the Mickey Mouse and Goofy three-part adventure stories in Walt Disney's Comics and Stories.

Owen Earl Duvall was an American artist and animator best known for his work on Disney comic strips in the early 1930s and for a handful of animated short films he directed at Warner Bros. Cartoons.

<i>Bugs in Love</i> 1932 film

Bugs in Love is a Silly Symphonies animated Disney short film. It was released in 1932, and was the final Symphony to be shot with black-and-white film.

<i>Silly Symphonies: The Complete Disney Classics</i>

Silly Symphonies: The Complete Disney Classics is a book series which reprints Walt Disney's Silly Symphony Sunday comic strip, drawn by several different Disney artists from 1932 to 1945. The strip was published by King Features Syndicate. The strip often introduced new Disney characters to the public, including its first comic character, Bucky Bug. The series was published by The Library of American Comics from 2016 to 2019.

Donald Duck: The Complete Sunday Comics is a series of hardcover books collecting the complete run of Disney's Donald Duck Sunday newspaper comic strip. Drawn by the American comic artist Al Taliaferro, it starts off with the first of Donald Duck's own Sunday strip page from 10 December 1939, after he had first been introduced in the successful Silly Symphony Sunday strip feature as well as in his own daily newspaper strip since 1938. The publisher behind the project is IDW Publishing and their imprint (subdivision), The Library of American Comics. The first book of the series was released in March 2016.

Donald Duck: The Complete Daily Newspaper Comics is a series of hardcover books collecting the complete run of the Disney Donald Duck comic strip, a daily newspaper comic strip drawn by the American comic artist Al Taliaferro. The comic strip debuted on February 7, 1938, and within eight weeks became the fastest growing syndicated comic strip worldwide. The publisher behind the project is IDW Publishing and their imprint, The Library of American Comics. The first book of the series was released on September 2, 2015.

Walt Disney's Treasury of Classic Tales is a series of hardcover books that collects the Sunday comic strips of Walt Disney's Treasury of Classic Tales, an umbrella title for comic strips which were drawn by several different Disney artists during the period of the early 1950s to the mid-1980s. The Treasury of Classic Tales comic strips were used by Walt Disney Studios to introduce current movie characters into comic adaptations for the public. The books are being published by IDW Publishing's imprint, The Library of American Comics. The first book of the series was released in November 2016.

Donald Duck is an American comic strip by the Walt Disney Company starring Donald Duck, distributed by King Features Syndicate. The first daily Donald Duck strip debuted in American newspapers on February 7, 1938. On December 10, 1939, the strip expanded to a Sunday page as well. Writer Bob Karp and artist Al Taliaferro worked together on the strip for more than 30 years. The strip ended in May 1995.

<i>Mickey Mouse</i> (comic strip) 1930-1995 American Disney comic strip

Mickey Mouse is an American newspaper comic strip by the Walt Disney Company featuring Mickey Mouse and is the first published example of Disney comics. The strip debuted on January 13, 1930, and ran until July 29, 1995. It was syndicated by King Features Syndicate.

<i>Mickey Mouse Magazine</i> 1935–1940 American Disney comics magazine

Mickey Mouse Magazine is an American Disney comics publication that preceded the popular 1940 anthology comic book Walt Disney's Comics and Stories. There were three versions of the title – two promotional giveaway magazines published from 1933 to 1935, and a newsstand magazine published from 1935 to 1940. The publication gradually evolved from a 16-page booklet of illustrated text stories and single-page comic panels into a 64-page comic book featuring reprints of the Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck comic strips.

Uncle Remus and His Tales of Br'er Rabbit is an American Disney comic strip that ran on Sundays from October 14, 1945, to December 31, 1972. It first appeared as a topper strip for the Mickey Mouse Sunday page, but after the first few years, almost always appeared on its own. The strip replaced the 1932-1945 Silly Symphony strip, which had spent its final year on gag strips featuring Panchito from The Three Caballeros.

Walt Disney's Silly Symphonies is a series of books collecting Disney's Silly Symphony Sunday comic strip. Following a previous collection by IDW Publishing, this project is published by Fantagraphics Books under the supervision of David Gerstein. The first book of the series was released in April 2023.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Holtz, Allan (2012). American Newspaper Comics: An Encyclopedic Reference Guide. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press. p. 351. ISBN   9780472117567.
  2. ↑ Merritt, Russell; Kaufman, J. B. (2016). Walt Disney's Silly Symphonies: A Companion to the Classic Cartoon Series (2nd ed.). Glendale, CA: Disney Editions. ISBN   978-1-4847-5132-9.
  3. ↑ Bucky Bug
  4. 1 2 3 4 Duvall, Earl; Taliaferro, Al; Osborne, Ted; De Maris, Merrill (2016). Silly Symphonies: The Complete Disney Classics, vol 1. San Diego: IDW Publishing. ISBN   978-1631405587.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Becattini, Alberto (2019). "Disney Beyond Mickey". American Funny Animal Comics in the 20th Century: Volume One. Seattle, WA: Theme Park Press. ISBN   978-1683901860.
  6. ↑ Kinney, Jack (1989). Walt Disney & Assorted Other Characters: An Unauthorized Account of the Early Years at Disney's. Harmony Books. p. 75. ISBN   978-0517570579.
  7. ↑ Becattini, Alberto (2016). Disney Comics: The Whole Story. Theme Park Press. p. 17. ISBN   978-1683900177.
  8. ↑ Taliaferro, Al; Osborne, Ted; De Maris, Merrill (2016). Silly Symphonies: The Complete Disney Classics, vol 2. San Diego: IDW Publishing. ISBN   978-1631408045.
  9. ↑ Knudde, Kjell (1994). "Al Taliaferro". Lambiek Comiclopedia. Retrieved December 9, 2018.
  10. ↑ Kaufman, J.B. (2016). "Introduction". Silly Symphonies: The Complete Disney Classics, vol 2. San Diego: IDW Publishing. pp. 7–8. ISBN   978-1631408045.
  11. ↑ "Michael Sporn Animation – Splog » Snow White – the original strip". michaelspornanimation.com. Retrieved 2014-08-06.
  12. 1 2 Karp, Hubie; Grant, Bob; De Maris, Merrill; Taliaferro, Al; Porter, Hank (2018). Silly Symphonies: The Complete Disney Classics, vol 3. San Diego: IDW Publishing. ISBN   978-1631409882.
  13. 1 2 Horn, Maurice (1996). 100 Years of American Newspaper Comics: An Illustrated Encyclopedia. New York: Random House. ISBN   0-517-12447-5.
  14. 1 2 3 4 Becattini, Alberto (2016). Disney Comics: The Whole Story. Theme Park Press. p. 19. ISBN   978-1683900177.
  15. ↑ Holtz, Allan (2012). American Newspaper Comics: An Encyclopedic Reference Guide. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press. p. 400. ISBN   9780472117567.
  16. ↑ Markstein, Don. "Br'er Rabbit". Don Markstein's Toonopedia. Archived from the original on September 1, 2015. Retrieved January 18, 2007.
  17. ↑ "The Black Hole: How Deep Is it?" by David E. Jefferson. The Collected Jack Kirby Collector v.2. p.96 Raleigh, NC: TwoMorrows Publishing, 2004. "... Disney used their Treasury of Classics Sunday comics strip as a vehicle to promote new films..."
  18. ↑ Holtz, Allan (2012). American Newspaper Comics: An Encyclopedic Reference Guide. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press. pp. 393–394. ISBN   9780472117567.
  19. ↑ "Walt Disney's Comics and Stories #12". Inducks . Retrieved 22 July 2019.
  20. ↑ "Walt Disney's Comics and Stories #14". Inducks . Retrieved 22 July 2019.
  21. ↑ "Walt Disney's Comics and Stories #15". Inducks . Retrieved 22 July 2019.
  22. ↑ "Walt Disney's Comics and Stories #20". Inducks . Retrieved 22 July 2019.
  23. ↑ "Walt Disney's Comics and Stories #39". Inducks . Retrieved 26 July 2019.
  24. ↑ "Bucky Bug: The Playground Plot". Inducks . Retrieved 26 July 2019.
  25. ↑ "Walt Disney's Comics and Stories #78". Inducks . Retrieved 26 July 2019.
  26. ↑ "Silly Symphonies #6". Inducks . Retrieved 26 July 2019.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.