List of women's firsts

Last updated

This is a list of women's firsts noting the first time that a woman or women achieved a given historical feat. A shorthand phrase for this development is "breaking the gender barrier" or "breaking the glass ceiling." [1] [2] Other terms related to the glass ceiling can be used for specific fields related to those terms, such as "breaking the brass ceiling" for women in the military and "breaking the stained glass ceiling" for women clergy. [3] [4] Inclusion on the list is reserved for achievements by women that have significant historical impact.

Contents

Aviation and aerospace

DateNameMilestone
June 4, 1784 Élisabeth Thible First known woman to ride in a hot air balloon. [5] [6] [7]
1805 Sophie Blanchard First woman to pilot a hot air balloon. [8]
March 8, 1910 Raymonde de Laroche First woman to receive a pilot's license. [9]
1910–1911 Lilian Bland First woman in the world to design, build, and fly an aircraft. [10] [11]
1912 Harriet Quimby First woman to fly across the English Channel. [12]
1912 Rayna Kasabova First woman to participate in a military flight during the Siege of Odrin.
1914 Eugenie Mikhailovna Shakhovskaya First woman commissioned as a military pilot; she flew reconnaissance missions for the Czar in 1914. [13] [14]
1915 Marie Marvingt First woman to fly a fighter plane in combat. [15] [16]
1930 Amy Johnson First woman to fly from Britain to Australia. [17]
1932 Amelia Earhart First woman to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean. [18]
1933 Lotfia ElNadi First African woman and first Arab woman to earn a pilot's license.
1937 Sabiha Gökçen The first military woman to fly combat missions.
May 18, 1953 Jacqueline Cochran First woman to break the sound barrier. [19]
1957 Jackie Moggridge First woman to become a British airline captain. [20]
June 16, 1963 Valentina Tereshkova First woman in space. [21]
1963 Betty Miller First female pilot to fly solo across the Pacific Ocean. [22]
1964 Jerrie Mock First woman to fly solo around the world. [23]
1964 Joan Merriam Smith Joan was the first person in history to fly solo around the world at the equator, the first person to complete the longest single solo flight around the world, the first woman to fly a twin-engine aircraft around the world, the first woman to fly the Pacific Ocean from west to east in a twin-engine plane, the first woman to receive an airline transport rating at the age of 23, and the youngest woman to complete a solo flight around the world.
1973 Rosella Bjornson First female pilot for a commercial airline in North America
1976 Emily Howell Warner First woman to become an American airline captain. [24] [25]
1978 Judy Cameron First female pilot hired to fly for a major Canadian carrier (Air Canada). [26]
1984 Svetlana Savitskaya First woman to space walk. [27]
1991 Sony Rana Nepal's first licensed female commercial airline pilot. [28] [29]
February 1995 Eileen Collins First female Space Shuttle commander. [30]
2004 Irene Koki Mutungi, from KenyaFirst African woman to qualify to captain a commercial aircraft; she qualified to command the Boeing 737. [31]
2005 Hanadi Zakaria al-Hindi First Saudi woman to become a commercial airline pilot. [32]
September 18, 2006 Anousheh Ansari First female space tourist. [33]
2009 Patricia Mawuli Nyekodzi Ghana's first female civilian pilot, and the first woman in West Africa certified to build and maintain Rotax engines. [34]
2014 Nicola Scaife, from AustraliaWinner of the first women's hot air balloon world championship, which was held in Poland. [35]
2015DaliaIraq's first female commercial airline pilot. [36]
2015 Ouma Laouali Niger's first female pilot. [37]

Computing

Dentistry

1866: Lucy Hobbs Taylor, first American woman to earn a doctorate in dentistry. [38]

Born Lucy Hobbs on March 14, 1833, in Constable, New York. She was initially denied admission to dental school, then began private study with a professor from the Ohio College of Dental Surgery. In November 1865, she entered the Ohio College of Dental Surgery, where in 1866 she earned her doctorate in dentistry, becoming the first woman in the United States to do so. She married James Taylor and he followed her into the practice of dentistry. The two moved to Lawrence, Kansas, where they practiced together until her husband's death in 1886. She retired and became active in women's rights, and died in 1910.

Education

YearNameMilestone
c. 1239 Bettisia Gozzadini First woman to teach at a university (lectured in law at the University of Bologna)
1384 Katherine, Lady Berkeley Founded Katharine Lady Berkeley's School, the first founded by a layperson, the first founded by a woman, and the first to offer free education to anyone. [39]
1608 Juliana Morell First woman to earn a doctorate degree. [40]
1678 Elena Cornaro Piscopia First woman to earn a Philosophy doctorate degree. [41] [42]
1732 Laura Bassi First woman to officially teach at a European university. [43] [44] [45]
1874 Grace Annie Lockhart First woman in the British Empire to receive a Bachelor's degree
1875 Stefania Wolicka-Arnd First woman to receive a PhD in the modern era. [46] [47]
1891 Juana Miranda Ecuador's first female university professor. [48]
1912 Anna Jane McKeag First woman president of Wilson College
1935 Kate Galt Zaneis First woman president of a public college or university (Southeastern Normal College now Southeastern Oklahoma State)

General business

History

International bodies

Journalism

Library science

Mathematics

Military

Music

Nobel Prizes

Politics

Historic firsts for women as heads of state or government:

Racing

Religion

Sports

See also

Further reading

Related Research Articles

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