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Huaynaputina is a volcano in a volcanic plateau in southern Peru. Lying in the Central Volcanic Zone of the Andes , it was formed by the subduction of the oceanic Nazca plate under the continental South American plate . Huaynaputina is a large volcanic crater , lacking an identifiable mountain profile, with an outer stratovolcano and three younger volcanic vents within an amphitheatre -shaped structure that is either a former caldera or a remnant of glacial erosion . The volcano has erupted dacitic magma. In the Holocene , Huaynaputina has erupted several times, including on 19 February 1600 – the largest eruption ever recorded in South America. Witnessed by people in the city of Arequipa , it killed at least 1,000 people in the region, wiped out vegetation, buried the surrounding area with 2 metres (7 feet) of volcanic rock and damaged infrastructure and economic resources. The eruption caused a volcanic winter and may have played a role in the onset of the Little Ice Age . Floods, famines, and social upheavals resulted, including a probable link with the Russian Time of Troubles . ( Full article... )
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