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Baseball is a bat-and-ball sport played between two teams of nine players each,taking turns batting and fielding. The game occurs over the course of several plays,with each play generally beginning when a player on the fielding team,called the pitcher,throws a ball that a player on the batting team,called the batter,tries to hit with a bat. The objective of the offensive team is to hit the ball into the field of play,away from the other team's players,allowing its players to run the bases,having them advance counter-clockwise around four bases to score what are called "runs". The objective of the defensive team is to prevent batters from becoming runners,and to prevent runners' advance around the bases. A run is scored when a runner legally advances around the bases in order and touches home plate.
The Major League Baseball Most Valuable Player Award (MVP) is an annual Major League Baseball (MLB) award given to one outstanding player in the American League and one in the National League. The award has been presented by the Baseball Writers' Association of America (BBWAA) since 1931.
The National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum is a history museum and hall of fame in Cooperstown,New York,operated by private interests. It serves as the central point of the history of baseball in the United States and displays baseball-related artifacts and exhibits,honoring those who have excelled in playing,managing,and serving the sport. The Hall's motto is "Preserving History,Honoring Excellence,Connecting Generations". Cooperstown is often used as shorthand for the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum.
Jack Roosevelt Robinson was an American professional baseball player who became the first African American to play in Major League Baseball (MLB) in the modern era. Robinson broke the color line when he started at first base for the Brooklyn Dodgers on April 15,1947. The Dodgers signing Robinson heralded the end of racial segregation in professional baseball that had relegated black players to the Negro leagues since the 1880s. Robinson was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1962.
Major League Baseball (MLB) is a professional baseball league and the highest level of organized baseball in the United States and Canada. One of the big four major leagues,MLB comprises 30 teams,divided equally between the National League (NL) and the American League (AL),with 29 in the United States and 1 in Canada. Formed in 1876 and 1901,respectively,the NL and AL cemented their cooperation with the National Agreement in 1903,making MLB the oldest major professional sports league in the world. They remained legally separate entities until 2000,when they merged into a single organization led by the Commissioner of Baseball. MLB is headquartered in Midtown Manhattan.
Nippon Professional Baseball or NPB is the highest level of baseball in Japan. Locally,it is often called Puro Yakyū (プロ野球),meaning simply Professional Baseball;outside of Japan,NPB is often referred to as "Japanese baseball."
The Rawlings Gold Glove Award,usually referred to as simply the Gold Glove or Golden Glove,is the award given annually to the Major League Baseball (MLB) players judged to have exhibited superior individual fielding performances at each fielding position in both the National League (NL) and the American League (AL). The Gold Glove is widely considered one of the most prestigious defensive awards in baseball.
The designated hitter (DH) is a baseball player who bats in place of another position player,most commonly the pitcher.
The All-American Girls Professional Baseball League (AAGPBL) was a professional women's baseball league founded by Philip K. Wrigley,which existed from 1943 to 1954. The AAGPBL is the forerunner of women's professional league sports in the United States. Over 600 women played in the league,which eventually consisted of 10 teams located in the American Midwest. In 1948,league attendance peaked at over 900,000 spectators. The most successful team,the Rockford Peaches,won a league-best four championships.
Baseball America is a sports enterprise that covers baseball at every level,including MLB,with a particular focus on up-and-coming players in the MiLB,college,high school,and international leagues. It is currently published in the form of an editorial and stats website,a monthly magazine,a podcast network,and three annual reference book titles. It also regularly produces lists of the top prospects in the sport,and covers aspects of the game from a scouting and player-development point of view. Industry insiders look to BA for its expertise and insights related to annual and future MLB Drafts classes. The publication's motto is "The most trusted source in baseball."
Professional baseball is organized baseball in which players are selected for their talents and are paid to play for a specific team or club system. It is played in leagues and associated farm teams throughout the world.
College baseball is baseball that is played on the intercollegiate level at institutions of higher education. In the United States,college baseball is sanctioned mainly by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA);in Japan,it is governed by the All Japan University Baseball Federation (JUBF).
Triple-A has been the highest level of play in Minor League Baseball in the United States since 1946. Currently,two leagues operate at the Triple-A level,the International League (IL) and the Pacific Coast League (PCL). There are 30 teams,one per each Major League Baseball (MLB) franchise,with 20 in the IL and 10 in the PCL. Triple-A teams are generally located in smaller cities as well as larger metropolitan areas without MLB teams,such as Austin,Jacksonville,Columbus,and Indianapolis. Four Triple-A teams play in the same metro areas as their parent clubs.
Baseball-Reference is a website providing baseball statistics for every player in Major League Baseball history. The site is often used by major media organizations and baseball broadcasters as a source for statistics. It offers a variety of advanced baseball sabermetrics in addition to traditional baseball "counting stats".
In baseball,batting average (BA) is determined by dividing a player's hits by their total at-bats. It is usually rounded to three decimal places and read without the decimal:A player with a batting average of .300 is "batting three-hundred". If necessary to break ties,batting averages could be taken beyond the .001 measurement. In this context,.001 is considered a "point",such that a .235 batter is 5 points higher than a .230 batter.
The St. Louis Cardinals are an American professional baseball team based in St. Louis. The Cardinals compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the National League (NL) Central Division. Since the 2006 season,the Cardinals have played their home games at Busch Stadium in downtown St. Louis. One of the nation's oldest and most successful professional baseball clubs,the Cardinals have won 11 World Series championships,the most of any NL team and second in MLB only to the New York Yankees. The team has won 19 National League pennants,third-most of any team behind the Yankees and Los Angeles Dodgers. St. Louis has also won 15 division titles in the East and Central divisions.
Michael Nelson Trout is an American professional baseball center fielder for the Los Angeles Angels of Major League Baseball (MLB). Trout is an 11-time MLB All-Star,three-time American League (AL) Most Valuable Player (MVP),and nine-time winner of the Silver Slugger Award. He also captained the United States national team during the 2023 World Baseball Classic. He is often regarded as the best player of his generation,and one of the greatest baseball players of all time.
Shohei Ohtani is a Japanese professional baseball pitcher and designated hitter for the Los Angeles Dodgers of Major League Baseball (MLB). Nicknamed "Shotime",he has previously played in MLB for the Los Angeles Angels and the Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters of Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB). Because of his elite contributions both as a hitter and as a pitcher,a rarity for two-way players,Ohtani's peak is widely considered among the greatest in baseball history,with some comparing it favorably to the early career of Babe Ruth.
Minor League Baseball (MiLB) is a professional baseball organization below Major League Baseball (MLB),including teams affiliated with MLB clubs.
References
- Career statistics and player information from Baseball Reference
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