Xenocrates of Aphrodisias

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Xenocrates (Greek : Ξενοκράτης; fl. 1st century) a Greek physician of Aphrodisias in Cilicia, [1] who must have lived about the middle of the 1st century, as he was probably a contemporary of Andromachus the Younger. [2] Galen says that he lived in the second generation before himself. [3] He wrote some pharmaceutical works, and is blamed by Galen [3] for making use of disgusting remedies, for instance, human brains, flesh, liver, urine, excrement, etc. One of his works was entitled On Useful Things from Living Beings (Greek : Περὶ τῆς ἀπὸ τῶν Ζώων Ὠφελείας). [4] He is several times quoted by Galen, and also by Clement of Alexandria; [5] Artemidorus; [6] Pliny; [7] Oribasius; [8] Aëtius; [9] and Alexander of Tralles. [10] Besides some short fragments of his writings there is extant a synopsis of a work on marine creatures, (Greek : Περὶ τῆς ἀπὸ τῶν Ἐνύδρων Τροφῆς) preserved by Oribasius.

Greek language language spoken in Greece, Cyprus and Southern Albania

Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece, Cyprus and other parts of the Eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea. It has the longest documented history of any living Indo-European language, spanning more than 3000 years of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the major part of its history; other systems, such as Linear B and the Cypriot syllabary, were used previously. The alphabet arose from the Phoenician script and was in turn the basis of the Latin, Cyrillic, Armenian, Coptic, Gothic, and many other writing systems.

Ancient Greek medicine

Ancient Greek medicine was a compilation of theories and practices that were constantly expanding through new ideologies and trials. Many components were considered in ancient Greek medicine, intertwining the spiritual with the physical. Specifically, the ancient Greeks believed health was affected by the humors, geographic location, social class, diet, trauma, beliefs, and mindset. Early on the ancient Greeks believed that illnesses were "divine punishments" and that healing was a "gift from the Gods". As trials continued wherein theories were tested against symptoms and results, the pure spiritual beliefs regarding "punishments" and "gifts" were replaced with a foundation based in the physical, i.e., cause and effect.

Aphrodisias ancient Greek city in Caria (in todays Turkey)

Aphrodisias was a small ancient Greek Hellenistic city in the historic Caria cultural region of western Anatolia, Turkey. It is located near the modern village of Geyre, about 100 km (62 mi) east/inland from the coast of the Aegean Sea, and 230 km (140 mi) southeast of İzmir.

Notes

  1. ↑ Galen, De Simplic. Medicam. Temper, ac Facult., vi. praef. vol. xi. p. 793
  2. ↑ Galen, De Compos. Medicam. sec. Loc.,iii. 1, vol. xii. p. 627; De Ther. ad Pis., c. 12. vol. xiv. p. 260.
  3. 1 2 Galen, De Simplic. Medicam. Temper. ac Facult., x. 1. vol. xii. p. 248
  4. ↑ Galen, De Simplic. Medicam. Temper, ac Facult., x. 2. § 4, vol. xii. p. 261
  5. ↑ Clement of Alexandria, Stromata, i. p. 717
  6. ↑ Artemidorus, Oneirocr., iv. 24
  7. ↑ Pliny, H. N., xx. 82
  8. ↑ Oribasius, Coll. Medic., ii 58, p. 225
  9. ↑ Aëtius, i. 2. 84, iv. 2. 35, 3. 14, pp. 75, 706, 760
  10. ↑ Alexander of Tralles, i. 15, xii. 8, pp. 156, 344

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References

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William Smith (lexicographer) English lexicographer

Sir William Smith was an English lexicographer. He also made advances in the teaching of Greek and Latin in schools.

<i>Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology</i> encyclopedia/biographical dictionary

The Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology is an encyclopedia/biographical dictionary. Edited by William Smith, the dictionary spans three volumes and 3,700 pages. It is a classic work of 19th-century lexicography. The work is a companion to Smith's Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities and Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography.

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