91st Infantry Regiment | |
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Active | June 1941 - May 1942 |
Disbanded | April 9, 1942 |
Country | Philippines |
Allegiance | United States of America Philippines |
Branch | Army |
Type | Infantry |
Role | Reserve |
Size | 1,500 |
Part of | 91st Infantry Division |
Garrison/HQ | Camp Tinio, Nueva Ecija |
Equipment | M1917 Enfield Rifles M1923 Thompson Submachineguns M1918 Browning Automatic Rifles M1918 Browning Light Machineguns M2 Browning Heavy Machineguns 3inch Stokes Mortar M1918 75mm Field GunsContents |
Engagements | Battle of Bataan |
Commanders | |
Notable commanders | Colonel James D. Carter, USA Colonel Stuart MacDonald, USA |
Insignia | |
Identification symbol |
Philippine Commonwealth Army Infantry Regiment | ||||
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91st Infantry Regiment is a reserve unit of the Philippine Commonwealth Army during World War II. It was a part of 91st Infantry Division, based in Leyte but was transferred to Luzon to augment the defense there. It was held as a reserve force of USAFFE but participated in the Battle of Bataan. [1]
91st Infantry was activated in June 1941 on the island of Leyte in the Visayas Islands. Colonel Stuart MacDonald was its first commander, but upon arrival in Luzon he was selected as Chief of Staff of the newly established South Luzon Force (SLF) under Major General George S. Parker, USA. He was replaced by Lieutenant Colonel James Carter.[ citation needed ]
1st Battalion was under Captain Adriano Valdez, 2nd Battalion, and 3rd Battalion under Major Judson B. Crow, USA.[ citation needed ]
91st Division along with 91st, 92nd Infantry, and 91st Field Artillery was placed as reserve units of the Philippine Army and housed in Camp Tinio in Cabanatuan, Nueva Ecija.[ citation needed ]
91st Infantry Combat Team was sent to stop the Japanese forces in Pozorrubio, to reinforce the 26th Cavalry Regiment who has retreated after failing to stop the Japanese in La Union. [2]
91st Infantry Division was ordered to retreat towards Bataan Peninsula in January 1942. They were assigned to II Corps Area under Major General George S. Parker. 91st Infantry Regiment along with the entire division fought the Japanese onslaught, but was forced to retreat. [3]
General Edward P. King surrendered his battered, exhausted, and hungry troops in order to prevent annihilation on April 9, 1942. After five months of combat, the troops of combined US and Filipino forces suffered heavy losses and lack of ammunition. [4]
The regiment was disbanded and never reactivated after the war.
United States Army Forces in the Far East (USAFFE) was a military formation of the United States Army active from 1941 to 1946. The new command's headquarters was created on 26 July 1941, at No. 1, Calle Victoria, Manila, Luzon, the Philippines, with General Douglas MacArthur as commander. The Chief of Staff was Brigadier General Richard K. Sutherland and the Deputy Chief of Staff was Lieutenant Colonel Richard J. Marshall. The core of this command was drawn from the Office of the Military Advisor to the Commonwealth Government of the Philippines.
The Battle of Bataan was fought by the United States and the Philippine Commonwealth against Imperial Japan during World War II. The battle represented the most intense phase of the Japanese invasion of the Philippines during World War II. In January 1942, forces of the Imperial Japanese Army and Navy invaded Luzon along with several islands in the Philippine Archipelago after the bombing of the American naval base at Pearl Harbor.
The 41st Infantry Division was a division of the Philippine Army under the United States Army Forces in the Far East (USAFFE).
The 21st Infantry Division was one of the 10 reserve division of the Philippine Army mobilized under the United States Army Forces in the Far East (USAFFE). The unit was involved in the delaying action against the Japanese invasion in the plains of Central Luzon, and the Battle of Bataan in 1942.
The 11th Infantry Division was one the reserve division of the Philippine Army that was mobilized in September 1941 under the United States Army Forces in the Far East (USAFFE).
The 71st Infantry Division was a reserve division of the Philippine Army that fought under the United States Army Forces in the Far East (USAFFE). It was known for its fight with Japanese invading forces in Layac Junction, that was ordered to hold until all retreating Fil-American forces of crossed into Bataan Peninsula.
The 81st Infantry Division was a reserve division of the Philippine Army under the United States Army Forces in the Far East (USAFFE). It was established in the prewar period and fought 1941–1942. Its troops are from Cebu, Bohol, and Leyte but most of its troops are Americans and junior officers are Filipinos coming mostly from Luzon. The division served in defense of Mindanao but it never commanded the 4 of its maneuver regiments but was supplemented with 61st Infantry from Panay and 73rd Infantry from Negros. Also, 2nd Regular Regiment was transferred to its command in the early part of Japanese invasion of Mindanao.
The 91st Infantry Division was a division of the Philippine Army under the United States Army Forces in the Far East (USAFFE).
94th Provisional Infantry Regiment is a territorial defense organized by Colonel Theodore Cornell to defend the island of Leyte in 1942. On September 1, 1941, 91st Infantry Division under Colonel Luther R. Stevens, PA was ordered to moved to Luzon island to bolster the defense of the main island of the Philippines. The only remaining combat unit was 93rd Infantry Regiment under Lieutenant Colonel Ben-Hur Chastaine which was still organizing. To bolster is defense Visayas-Mindanao Force commander ordered 81st Infantry Division commander then Colonel Guy O. Fort to transfer 81st Infantry Regiment under Lieutenant Colonel Ruperto Kangleon to Samar. The 81st Infantry Regiment and 93rd Infantry comprises now the Samar Brigade under the command of Colonel Ben-Hur Chastaine.
92nd Infantry Regiment is a reserve unit of Philippine Commonwealth Army activated and organized in September 1941. It was part of 91st Division under Brigadier General Luther Stevens. They fought in Battle of Bataan and surrendered in April 1942 when Luzon Force commander Major General Edward P. King Jr., surrendered all his troops.
71st Field Artillery Regiment was a military unit of Philippine Army activated in 1941 as part of 71st Infantry Division. It fought in Luzon during Japanese landing and also in Bataan. All officers and men was captured during surrender of Fil-American forces in Bataan on April 9, 1942.
51st Field Artillery Regiment is a reserve unit of Philippine Commonwealth Army activated and organized in 1941 and fought during World War II. The regiment is a component of 51st Infantry Division under Brigadier General Albert M. Jones, responsible for the defense of Bicol Peninsula.
91st Field Artillery Regiment is a reserve unit of Philippine Commonwealth Army activated and organized in August 1941. It is part of 91st Infantry Division under Brigadier General Luther R. Stevens, PA who fought in Battle of Bataan. Whole regiment became POW after surrendering on April 9, 1942, to Japanese 14th Army.
301st Field Artillery Regiment, is a heavy artillery non-divisional unit of Philippine Commonwealth Army activated in November 1941 to be used as Corps Artillery. It was activated in Camp Del Pilar, Dau, Pampanga. It fought in Battle of Bataan inflicting heavy casualties to Japanese in Abucay-Mauban Line and Orion-Bagac Line.
41st Infantry Regiment, is a unit and formation activated and organization of Philippine Commonwealth Army. It was under 41st Infantry Division under Brigadier General Vicente Lim. It fought in during World War II in the Philippines, and fought valiantly and earned Presidential Unit Citation awarded by President Manuel Quezon.
Samar-Leyte Force is garrison during World War II in the Philippines, the main objective is to prevent any invasion of the Japanese for the islands of Samar and Leyte located in the eastern Visayas Islands. The Garrison was not able to see action directly but provided troops to Luzon and Mindanao fronts. The Japanese did not land until the US Forces Philippines surrendered in May 1942. However, the sector was the highest guerilla activity in the entire country after the surrender.
71st Infantry Regiment is a reserve unit of Philippine Commonwealth Army under 71st Infantry Division activated and organized in Negros Island. It was transferred to Luzon island to bolster its defending forces during World War II. It fought in Northern Luzon and in Bataan where it defeated Japanese at the battle of points.
72nd Infantry Regiment, is a reserve military unit and formation of Philippine Commonwealth Army who fought during World War II in Northern Luzon and in Bataan Peninsula. 72nd Infantry was under 71st Division and was first designated as reserve unit of North Luzon Force under Major General Jonathan M. Wainwright IV, USA that can only be committed if permitted from USAFFE Headquarters.
53rd Infantry Regiment, is a unit of the Philippine Commonwealth Army activated and organized in 1941. It was part of 51st Infantry Division commanded by Major General Albert Jones. It fought the Japanese forces who invaded the Philippines during World War II.
52nd Infantry Regiment, is a reserve unit of Philippine Army during World War II. It was activated and organized in August 1941 in Camarines Sur in Bicol Region.