Acacio Mane Elah (c.1904 - 1959), was one of the first Equatorial Guinean nationalist and independence leaders.
Acacio Mañé Ela was born into the Fang society of the mainland Afro-Spanish colony, in the Esambira clan, from the region located at the south of Douala (Cameroon) [1] In 1919 he was admitted in the College of the Catholic Mission of Bata. He was baptized in 1922 and named after one of the leaders of the Catholic Mission, Father Acacio Ferraz. [2] The Esambira and other clan of the region, the Esamengón, became linked in the 1940s, when a relative of Acacio Mane, Amadeo Mangue, married a member of the clan Esamengó, Isabel Mbang. He was natural of Ndjiakom-Esambira, on the district of Bata (in the current Litoral Province), he worked as a farmer in the northern banks of the Campo River as did many of the Fang people settled in the far north of the Continental Region of Equatorial Guinea at the districts of Bata, Niefang, Mikomeseng and Ebibeyín respectively. He was a member of the Indigenous Trust and one of the leaders of the organization Cruzada Nacional de Liberación de Guinea Ecuatorial (National Liberation Crusade of Equatorial Guinea) (CNLGE), created at the beginning of 1950, although some sources suggest a creation date at 1947 or 1948. He maintained contacts with the traditionalist leaders of his region such as Jesus Oló Nzo from Ntuba-Esamengón and others. [3] Mañé developed at the time a vast and profound activity of proselytism towards pro-independence ideas, spread especially among the more educated and affluent social layers and personalities with social influence such as teachers, administrators, farmers and catechists. Some of his best known supporters were bubi Mark Ropo Uri and fang people Enrique Nvo and Francisco Micha Ondo, a prestigious catechist who served in the mission of Nkue-Efulan.
In 1954, as proposed by Atanasio Ndongo, the CNLGE changed its name as Movimiento Nacional de Liberación de Guinea Ecuatorial (National Liberation Movement of Equatorial Guinea)(MONALIGE). [4]
As the visible head of MONALIGE on the mainland, in November 28, 1959, Mane was arrested in Bata, near the Catholic Mission; he was transferred to the Marine barracks and then embarked on a ship that sailed to Bioko, but that did not reach the island. Since then it is believed he was thrown into the sea. [5] [6]
Equatorial Guinea, officially the Republic of Equatorial Guinea, is a country on the west coast of Central Africa, with an area of 28,000 square kilometres (11,000 sq mi). Formerly the colony of Spanish Guinea, its post-independence name refers to its location near both the Equator and in the African region of Guinea. As of 2021, the country had a population of 1,468,777, over 85% of whom are members of the Fang people, the country's dominant ethnic group. The Bubi people, indigenous to Bioko, are the second largest group at approximately 6.5% of the population.
The History of Equatorial Guinea is marked by centuries of colonial domination by the Portuguese, British and Spanish colonial empires, and by the local kingdoms.
Malabo is the capital of Equatorial Guinea and the province of Bioko Norte. It is located on the north coast of the island of Bioko. In 2018, the city had a population of approximately 297,000 inhabitants.
Francisco Macías Nguema, often mononymously referred to as Macías, was an Equatoguinean politician who served as the first President of Equatorial Guinea from the country's independence in 1968 until his overthrow in 1979. He is widely remembered as one of the most brutal dictators in history.
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Bonifacio Ondó Edú-Aguong was an Equatoguinean politician who served as the Prime Minister of Equatorial Guinea from 1964 to 1968 while it was still under Spanish colonial rule, as Spanish Guinea. He played a leading role in the country's independence, and led the National Union Movement of Equatorial Guinea from 1959 until his death.
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Equatorial Guinea was the only Spanish colony in Sub-Saharan Africa. During its colonial history between 1778 and 1968, it developed a tradition of literature in Spanish, unique among the countries in Africa, that persists until the present day.
Atanasio Ndongo Miyone was an Equatoguinean musician, writer and Fang political figure. He wrote the lyrics to Equatorial Guinea's national anthem, Caminemos pisando las sendas de nuestra inmensa felicidad. He was executed in 1969 following a failed coup to depose Francisco Macías Nguema, the first ruler of an independent Equatorial Guinea.
Justo Bolekia Boleká is an Equatorial Guinean scholar and writer of Bubi descent.
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The Ministry of Foreign Affairs, International Cooperation, and Francophone Affairs is a ministry of the Government of Equatorial Guinea. The current minister is Simeón Oyono Esono Angue, appointed in 2018.
Federico Ondo Obama Ondo, also known as Fede, is an Equatorial Guinean professional footballer who plays as a fullback for Andorran Primera Divisió club Penya Encarnada d'Andorra. He capped for the Equatorial Guinea national team. He also holds Spanish citizenship.
Ángel Masié Ntutumu was an Equatorial Guinean politician.
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