| Actinobacteria (class) | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Scanning electron micrograph of Actinomyces israelii . | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | |
| Phylum: | |
| Class: | Actinobacteria Stackebrandt et al. 1997 [1] |
| Orders | |
See text. | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
| Actinobacteria (class) | |
|---|---|
| | |
| Scanning electron micrograph of Actinomyces israelii . | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | |
| Phylum: | |
| Class: | Actinobacteria Stackebrandt et al. 1997 [1] |
| Orders | |
See text. | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
The class Actinobacteria comprises the following orders: [2]
The following genera have been assigned to class Actinobacteria, but not to an order or a family: [2]
The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). [2] The phylogeny is based on whole-genome analysis. [3]
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The Actinobacteria are a phylum of mostly Gram-positive bacteria. They can be terrestrial or aquatic. They are of great economic importance to humans because agriculture and forests depend on their contributions to soil systems. In soil they help to decompose the organic matter of dead organisms so the molecules can be taken up anew by plants. While this role is also played by fungi, Actinobacteria are much smaller and likely do not occupy the same ecological niche. In this role the colonies often grow extensive mycelia, like a fungus would, and the name of an important order of the phylum, Actinomycetales, reflects that they were long believed to be fungi. Some soil actinobacteria live symbiotically with the plants whose roots pervade the soil, fixing nitrogen for the plants in exchange for access to some of the plant's saccharides. Other species, such as many members of the genus Mycobacterium, are important pathogens.
Micromonosporaceae is a family of bacteria of the class Actinobacteria. They are gram-positive, spore-forming soil organisms that form a true mycelium.
The Rhodobacteraceae are a family of proteobacteria in the order Rhodobacterales within the alpha subgroup. Like all proteobacteria, they are gram-negative. It contains chemoorganotrophs and photoheterotrophs bacteria. Many occur in aquatic habitats.
The Frankineae are a suborder of the Actinomycetales order. Like all Actinobacteria, the species are Gram-positive with high G+C ratios.
The Coriobacteriaceae are a family of Actinobacteria, given their own subclass (Coriobacteridae). The family Coriobacteriaceae has been shown to increase significantly in the ceca of mice in response to stress.
Rubrobacter is a genus of Actinobacteria, given its own subclass (Rubrobacteridae). It is radiotolerant and may rival Deinococcus radiodurans in this regard.
Alphaproteobacteria is a class of bacteria in the phylum Proteobacteria. Its members are highly diverse and possess few commonalities, but nevertheless share a common ancestor. Like all Proteobacteria, its members are gram-negative and some of its intracellular parasitic members lack peptidoglycan and are consequently gram variable.
The Pseudonocardiaceae are a family of bacteria in the order Actinomycetales and the only member of the suborder Pseudonocardineae.
The Glycomycetaceae are a family of bacteria.
The Geodermatophilaceae are an actinomycete family within the highly polyphyletic suborder Frankineae.
Nanohaloarchaea is a clade of diminutive archaea with small genomes and limited metabolic capabilities, belonging to the DPANN archaea. They are ubiquitous in hypersaline habitats, which they share with the extremely halophilic haloarchaea.
Rubrobacteria is one of five classes of Actinobacteria that contain one order, one family, one genus, and seven species.
The Acidimicrobiia are a class of Actinobacteria, in which three families, eight genera, and nine species have been described, Acidimicrobium ferrooxidans is the type species of the order.
Blastococcus is a Gram-positive, coccoid and aerobic genus of bacteria from the family of Geodermatophilaceae.
Ornithinimicrobiaceae is a family of bacteria. It was created in 2018 after a large genome-based study of the Actinobacteria. It contains two genera, Serinicoccus and Ornithinimicrobium.
The Mycobacteriales are an order of bacteria.
The Streptosporangiales are an order of bacteria.
The Propionibacteriales are an order of bacteria.