Andrew Cook | |
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Alma mater | University of London |
Genre | Espionage history |
Notable works | On His Majesty's Secret Service: Sidney Reilly Codename ST M: MI5's First Spymaster |
Andrew Cook is a British author, popular historian, television presenter/consultant and former British civil servant. He specializes in early 20th century espionage history. He has produced well-received biographies of Sidney Reilly [1] [2] and William Melville. [3] [4]
Cook holds a university degree in history and ancient history and was for a time program director of the Hansard Scholars Program, University of London. He worked for many years as a foreign affairs and defense specialist with the United Kingdom government. He was an aide to George Robertson (former Secretary of State for Defense, later Secretary–General of NATO) and John Spellar (former Minister of State for the Armed Forces). The contacts he made in government later enabled him, as an author, to navigate and gain access, via the Cabinet Office, to classified intelligence services archives. In 2002 he was Headmaster of one of the UK's top preparatory schools in Bedfordshire.
Cook spent the years 1994 to 2004 researching the life of Sidney Reilly, the notorious spy. He interviewed the descendants of people who featured in Reilly's story and scrutinized over 2,000 closed or unpublished documents in 14 different countries. He was only the fifth historian to be given special permission under the 1992 “Waldegrave Initiative” by the Cabinet Office to examine closed MI5 documents that will never be released.
He was the presenter and historical consultant for Channel 4 documentaries about Prince Albert Victor (based upon his book on "Prince Eddy"), Three Kings at War and Who Killed Rasputin? – all in the BBC Timewatch strand. He was historical consultant for the Channel Five Jack The Ripper - Tabloid Myth documentary (2009; in the popular Revealed strand). [5]
Cook has written articles on espionage history for The Times, The Guardian, The Independent, BBC History Magazine, and History Today. He lives in Bedfordshire.
MI5, officially the Security Service, is the United Kingdom's domestic counter-intelligence and security agency and is part of its intelligence machinery alongside the Secret Intelligence Service (MI6), Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ), and Defence Intelligence (DI). MI5 is directed by the Joint Intelligence Committee (JIC), and the service is bound by the Security Service Act 1989. The service is directed to protect British parliamentary democracy and economic interests and to counter terrorism and espionage within the United Kingdom (UK). Within the civil service community, the service is colloquially known as Box, or Box 500, after its official wartime address of PO Box 500; its current address is PO Box 3255, London SW1P 1AE.
Captain Sir Mansfield George Smith-Cumming was a British naval officer who served as the first chief of the Secret Intelligence Service (SIS).
Sidney George Reilly, known as the "Ace of Spies", was a Russian-born adventurer and secret agent employed by Scotland Yard's Special Branch and later by the Foreign Section of the British Secret Service Bureau, the precursor to the modern British Secret Intelligence Service (MI6/SIS). He is alleged to have spied for at least four different great powers, and documentary evidence indicates that he was involved in espionage activities in 1890s London among Russian émigré circles, in Manchuria on the eve of the Russo-Japanese War (1904–05), and in an abortive 1918 coup d'état against Vladimir Lenin's Bolshevik government in Moscow.
Rupert William Simon Allason is a British former Conservative Party politician and author. He was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Torbay in Devon, from 1987 to 1997. He writes books and articles on the subject of espionage under the pen name Nigel West.
William Melville was an Irish law enforcement officer and the first chief of the British Secret Service Bureau.
Ethel Lilian Voynich was an Irish-born novelist and musician, and a supporter of several revolutionary causes. She was born in Cork, but grew up in Lancashire, England.
(William) Norman Ewer CBE was a British journalist, remembered mostly now for a few lines of verse. He was prominent as a writer on foreign affairs for the Daily Herald of London, and was accused of being a Soviet agent.
A number of real-life inspirations have been suggested for James Bond, the fictional character created in 1953 by British author, journalist and former Naval Intelligence officer Ian Fleming (1908–1964); Bond appeared in twelve novels and nine short stories by Fleming, as well as a number of continuation novels and twenty-six films, with seven actors playing the role of Bond.
Operation Trust was a counterintelligence operation of the State Political Directorate (GPU) of the Soviet Union. The operation, which was set up by GPU's predecessor Cheka, ran from 1921 to 1926, set up a fake anti-Bolshevik resistance organization, "Monarchist Union of Central Russia", MUCR, in order to help the OGPU identify real monarchists and anti-Bolsheviks. The created front company was called the Moscow Municipal Credit Association.
The Gadfly is a novel by Irish-born British writer Ethel Voynich, published in 1897, set in 1840s Italy under the dominance of Austria, a time of tumultuous revolt and uprisings. The story centres on the life of the protagonist, Arthur Burton. A thread of a tragic relationship between Arthur and his love, Gemma, simultaneously runs through the story. It is a tale of faith, disillusionment, revolution, romance, and heroism.
Reilly, Ace of Spies is a 1983 British television programme dramatizing the life of Sidney Reilly, a Russian-born adventurer who became one of the greatest spies ever to work for the United Kingdom and the British Empire. Among his exploits, in the early 20th century, were the infiltration of the German General Staff in 1917 and a near-overthrow of the Bolsheviks in 1918. His reputation with women was as legendary as his genius for espionage.
Baron Akashi Motojiro was a general in the Imperial Japanese Army and the 7th Governor-General of Taiwan from 6 June 1918 to 26 October 1919.
Gustav Steinhauer was born in Berlin c. 1870. He was an officer of the Imperial German Navy who in 1901 became head of the British section of the German Admiralty's intelligence service, the Nachrichten-Abteilung, ('N'). He had trained at the Pinkerton Detective Agency in Chicago and spoke fluent English with an American accent.
Charles Henry Maxwell Knight, known as Maxwell Knight, was a British spymaster, naturalist and broadcaster, reputedly a model for the James Bond character "M". He played major roles in surveillance of an early British Fascist party as well as the Communist Party of Great Britain.
Spying, as well as other intelligence assessment, has existed since ancient history. In the 1980s scholars characterized foreign intelligence as "the missing dimension" of historical scholarship." Since then a largely popular and scholarly literature has emerged. Special attention has been paid to World War II, as well as the Cold War era (1947–1989) that was a favorite for novelists and filmmakers.
The Secret Intelligence Service (SIS), commonly known as MI6, is the foreign intelligence service of the United Kingdom, tasked mainly with the covert overseas collection and analysis of human intelligence on foreign nationals in support of its Five Eyes partners. SIS is one of the British intelligence agencies and the Chief of the Secret Intelligence Service ("C") is directly accountable to the Foreign Secretary.
Kathleen Maria Margaret Sissmore, MBE (1898–1982), was known as Jane Sissmore and then Jane Archer after her marriage in 1939. In 1929 she became the first female officer in Britain's Security Service, MI5, and was still their only woman officer at the time of her dismissal for insubordination in 1940. She had been responsible for investigations into Soviet intelligence and subversion. She then joined the Secret Intelligence Service (MI6), but when Kim Philby, later to be exposed as a double agent, became her boss he reduced her investigative work because he feared she might uncover his treachery.
Miguel Piernavieja del Pozo was a Spanish spy for Nazi Germany, operating in Britain during the Second World War. He was quickly spotted by the Security Services (MI5) who gave him the codename Pogo and used one of their double-agents to feed him disinformation which was relayed to the Germans.
Ho Liang Shung was a Chinese engineer and spy.
Lieutenant Colonel John Dymoke Scale DSO, OBE was an MI6 (SIS) agent, originally from Merthyr Tydfil in Glamorgan. He was involved in a British propaganda unit called the Anglo-Russian Commission in St Petersburg, where his responsibilities included running Mohammed Beck Hadjetlaché. Scale served in the British Indian Army and was first sent to Russia in 1912. He qualified as a Russian translator in 1913 and rejoined the 87th Punjabis in 1914. In 1916, Scale served with Stephen Alley and Oswald Rayner under Mansfield Cumming at the time of the murder of Grigori Rasputin. Whilst a captain in St Petersburg, in the weeks leading up to the killing, Scale is recorded as having met with Oswald Rayner and Felix Yusupov in the diary of their chauffeur, William Compton. Several other books and documentaries have claimed Scale's involvement in Rasputin's death, or even alleged that Scale commanded Rayner to fatally shoot him. A letter from Alley to Scale provides the best evidence of British Intelligence involvement in the murder and torture that reads:
Dear Scale, ... Although matters here have not proceeded entirely to plan, our objective has clearly been achieved. Reaction to the demise of "Dark Forces" has been well received, although a few awkward questions have already been asked about wider involvement. Rayner is attending to loose ends and will no doubt brief you on your return."