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In algorithmic information theory, the Kolmogorov complexity of an object, such as a piece of text, is the length of a shortest computer program that produces the object as output. It is a measure of the computational resources needed to specify the object, and is also known as algorithmic complexity, Solomonoff–Kolmogorov–Chaitin complexity, program-size complexity, descriptive complexity, or algorithmic entropy. It is named after Andrey Kolmogorov, who first published on the subject in 1963 and is a generalization of classical information theory.
Andrey Nikolaevich Kolmogorov was a Soviet mathematician who contributed to the mathematics of probability theory, topology, intuitionistic logic, turbulence, classical mechanics, algorithmic information theory and computational complexity.
Andrew I, was Grand Prince of Vladimir from 1157 until his death. During repeated internecine wars between the princely clans, Andrey accompanied his father Yuri Dolgorukiy during a brief capture of Kiev in 1149; 20 years later, he led the Sack of Kiev (1169), and made efforts to elevate Vladimir on the Klyazma as the new capital of Kievan Rus'. He was canonized as a saint in the Russian Orthodox Church in 1702.
The Soviet Union (USSR) competed at the 1976 Summer Olympics in the city of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. 410 competitors, 285 men and 125 women, took part in 189 events in 22 sports. As the country hosted the next Olympics in Moscow, a Soviet segment was performed at the closing ceremony.
The Soviet Union (USSR) competed, for the last time before its dissolution, at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul. 481 competitors, 319 men and 162 women, took part in 221 events in 27 sports. Athletes from 12 of the ex-Soviet republics would compete as the Unified Team at the 1992 Summer Olympics, and each nation would field independent teams in subsequent Games.
The Unified Team at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain, was a joint team consisting of twelve of the fifteen former Soviet republics that chose to compete together. Previously Soviet-occupied Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania competed separately. The team has been informally called the Commonwealth of Independent States team, though Georgia was not yet a member of the CIS when it competed as part of the Unified Team. It competed under the IOC country code EUN. A total of 475 competitors, 310 men and 165 women, took part in 234 events in 27 sports.
Kyrgyzstan competed in the Summer Olympic Games as an independent nation for the first time at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, United States. Previously, Kyrgyz athletes had competed for the Unified Team at the 1992 Summer Olympics.
In social anthropology, patrilocal residence or patrilocality, also known as virilocal residence or virilocality, are terms referring to the social system in which a married couple resides with or near the husband's parents. The concept of location may extend to a larger area such as a village, town or clan territory. The practice has been found in around 70 percent of the world's modern human cultures that have been described ethnographically. Archaeological evidence for patrilocality has also been found among Neanderthal remains in Spain and for ancient hominids in Africa.
Tucanoan is a language family of Colombia, Brazil, Ecuador, and Peru.
Andrey Tissin was a Russian sprint canoer who competed in the late 1990s and early 2000s (decade). He won four medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with a gold, two silvers, and a bronze.
Garjainia is an extinct genus of erythrosuchid archosauriform reptile from the Olenekian of Russia and South Africa. It was approximately 1.5–2 metres (4.9–6.6 ft) long. It contained two species, Garjainia prima from the Yarengian/Yarkenskian Supergorizont of Russia, and Garjainia madiba from the Burgersdorp Formation of South Africa. "Vjuskovia triplicostata", a name assigned to some erythrosuchid fossils from Russia, has been synonymized with Garjainia prima.
In mathematics, the Kolmogorov continuity theorem is a theorem that guarantees that a stochastic process that satisfies certain constraints on the moments of its increments will be continuous. It is credited to the Soviet mathematician Andrey Nikolaevich Kolmogorov.
Andrey Vladimirovich Grechin is a Russian swimmer. He competed in the 50 m, 100 m and 4 × 100 m freestyle and 4 × 100 m medley events at the 2008 and 2012 Olympics and won a bronze medal in the 4 × 100 m freestyle relay in 2012. He won three more medals in this event at the world championships in 2009–2015.
Andrey Nikolaevich Derevyankin is a politician, Soviet dissident, and former political prisoner in 1984-1987, 1997–1998, 2000–2004.
Andrey Yerguchyov is a Kazakhstani canoeist. Competing in the four-man K-4 1000 m event he won a gold medal at the 2014 Asian Games and placed tenth at the 2016 Olympics. At the Rio Olympics he also finished 12th in the K-2 200 m event.
Uzbekistan competed in the 1994 Asian Games. It was their first ever post-Soviet appearance in the Asian Games as Uzbekistan. They won a total of 11 golds, 12 silvers, and 19 bronze, including the gold medal that they won in men's association football. They ranked 5th out of the 42 countries that participated in the Asian Games. They won gold medals in Athletics, Boxing, Canoeing, Football, and Shooting. They won the most medals in canoeing, where they won 4 gold, 7 silver, 2 bronze.
Andrey (Andy) Abraham Potter was a Russian-American mechanical engineer and educator, and the 52nd president of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers in the year 1933–34. He is known for his work in engineering and scientific education.
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