Battle of Tayma (659)

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Battle of Tayma
Part of First Fitna and Mu'awiya I's Southern Campaigns (658-660)
First Fitna Map, Ali-Muawiya Phase-es.svg
Map of the First Fitna and the Uthmaniyya campaigns on the Southern
Date 659
Location
Tayma
Result Victory for Ali
Belligerents
Rashidun Caliphate
Pro-Alids 		Umayyad Caliphate
Uthmaniyya
Commanders and leaders
Ali ibn Abi Talib
Musayyib ibn Najabah  [ ar ]		 Mu'awiya I
Abdallah ibn Mas'ada  (WIA)
Strength
1,700 troops [1] 7,000 troops
The number of casualties on both sides is unknown
but the Uthmaniyya side suffered heavily in terms of those who fled and those affected by the fire.

The Battle of Tayma was a military confrontation that took place during Mu'awiya I's Southern Campaigns (658-660) after Mu'awiya I dispatched a military expedition against the fort of Tayma which was under Alid control. The expedition resulted in a faliure for the forces of Mu'awiya and led to the collapse and retreat of the Ummayad forces with Alids securing control over the fort of Tayma.

Contents

Background

After the assassination of the third caliph Uthman ibn Affan, disputes and conflicts arose between Muawiyah and Ali, because Muawiyah demanded retribution for all those who took part in Uthman’s killing. This led to the outbreak of the First Fitna. [2]

After that, many battles took place, the most famous of which was the Battle of Siffin, which ended with arbitration.

Muawiyah then launched a campaign against Egypt, [3] [4] [5] during which its governors, Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr and Malik al-Ashtar al-Nakha‘i, were killed.

And the last thing Muawiyah did was launch raids against the Hejaz to take control of it, and he sent Abdullah ibn Mas’adah with 7,000 [6] men to persuade the people of the Hejaz to accept Muawiyah’s caliphate. [6]

Battle

When Ali heard that Muawiyah was sending Abdullah ibn Mas‘adah to the Hejaz, he dispatched al-Musayyib ibn Najabah. [7] Al-Musayyib marched to Tayma, and it is said that they fought until the sun nearly set. Al-Musayyib charged at Ibn Mas‘adah and struck him three times while Ibn Mas‘adah cried, “Escape! Escape!” [8] So Ibn Mas‘adah and those with him fled to the fortress, while the rest escaped to Syria. [9]

Al-Musayyib then seized the camels that were with Ibn Mas‘adah and besieged him for three days. He piled wood in front of the gate and set it on fire until the fortress began to burn. Those inside the fortress cried out loudly, “O Musayyib, your own people!” He felt pity for them and disliked seeing them perish, [6] so he responded and extinguished the fire.

That night, Ibn Mas‘adah and those with him escaped to Syria.

See also

References

  1. ↑ fikr, dar el; الجزري; islamicbooks (2009-10-12). الكامل في التاريخ مجلد ثالث 17*24 Al Kamel fi Tarikh V3 1C (in Arabic). Dar El Fikr for Printing publishing and distribution (S.A.L.) دار الفكر للطباعة والنشر والتوزيع ش.م.ل. بيروت - لبنان. p. 211.
  2. ↑ Madelung (1997 , pp. 204, 205). Hazleton (2009 , pp. 130, 136)
  3. ↑ Mirwaisi, Hamma (2020-03-24). The History of the Kurdish People. Hamma Mirwaisi.
  4. ↑ Lev, Yaacov (2020-03-02). Administration of Justice in Medieval Egypt: From the 7th to the 12th Century. Edinburgh University Press. ISBN   978-1-4744-5926-6.
  5. ↑ Mikaberidze, Alexander (2011-07-22). Conflict and Conquest in the Islamic World: 2 volumes [2 volumes]. Bloomsbury Publishing USA. ISBN   978-1-59884-337-8.
  6. 1 2 3 al-Tabari, Muhammad. History of the Prophets and Kings . p. 134.
  7. ↑ Ibn al-Athir, Abū al-Ḥasan ʿAlī. The Complete History . p. 725.
  8. ↑ Al-Baladhuri, Aḥmad. Genealogies of the Nobles . p. 1135.
  9. ↑ Al-Baladhuri, Aḥmad. Genealogies of the Nobles . p. 1136.
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