Cannone da 75 modello 11 | |
---|---|
Type | Field gun |
Place of origin | France |
Service history | |
In service | 1912–45 |
Used by | Italy Nazi Germany Finland |
Wars | World War I World War II |
Production history | |
Manufacturer | Vickers-Terni, Armstrong |
No. built | 1341 [1] |
Specifications | |
Mass | 1,076 kilograms (2,372 lb) (travel) 1,015 kilograms (2,238 lb) (combat) [2] [3] |
Barrel length | 2.13 m (7 ft) L/28.4p |
Shell | Fixed QF 75 x 185mm R [4] |
Shell weight | 6.35 kg (14.0 lb) |
Caliber | 75 mm (2.95 in) |
Breech | Nordenfelt eccentric screw |
Recoil | hydro spring dual recoil |
Carriage | Split trail |
Elevation | -15° to +65° |
Traverse | 52° 9' |
Rate of fire | 4-6 rpm |
Muzzle velocity | 510 m/s (1,670 ft/s) |
Maximum firing range | 10,240 m (11,200 yd) |
The Cannone da 75/27 modello 11 was a French-designed field gun produced in Italy prior to World War I. [5] It was introduced in 1912, designed by Joseph-Albert Deport. It was taken into service by Italy for use with its Alpine and cavalry troops going into World War I, and was built there in large numbers. The gun was designed with two notable features. It was the first artillery piece to introduce the split trail, as well as the last to utilize its novel dual-recoil system. The former became a very popular feature on artillery pieces through to the modern day. The later, while functional, did not get repeated. The dual-recoil system consisted of a small tubular recoil under the barrel which in turn traveled in a traditional rectangular cradle. This lessened heat transfer from the gun barrel to the recoil mechanism effectively, but was not necessary for the added complexity. [6]
Some guns had two crew seats on the front of the gun shield.[ citation needed ]
The gun was used by the Italian army throughout World War I and remained on strength well into World War II. Many pieces even saw service with German forces fighting in Northern Italy from 1943 until the end of the war, as the 7.5 cm Feldkanone 244(i). [7] Modello 11s were retired from active service in 1950. [8]
One cannon was also sold to Finland in 1929 where it was designated as "75 K 11".[ citation needed ]
The Skoda 100 mm Model 1916 was a mountain howitzer used by Austria-Hungary during World War I, developed from the 10 cm M. 14 Feldhaubitze. The Turks used a 105 mm variant, the M.16(T). The Wehrmacht redesignated this as the 10 cm GebH 16 or 16(ö). Guns acquired from Italy, after 1943, were known as 10 cm GebH 316(i); those acquired from Czechoslovakia were 10 cm GebH 16(t). The Italians referred to weapons gained either through capture or reparations as the Obice da 100/17 modello 16. The gun could be broken into three sections, intended for towing by two animal carts. The gun crew was protected by a gun shield. The Italians used lighter shells than the Czechs, which accounts for the greater range and muzzle velocity of their guns.
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