External links
- Christopher Ocker| ACU Researcher
- Faculty | Medieval Studies
- Christopher Ocker
- Christopher Ocker, Ph.D. | University of Redlands
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Christopher Ocker is a historian and Professor of Medieval and Early Modern Studies at the Institute for Religion and Critical Inquiry in the Australian Catholic University, Melbourne. He is also professor of the history of Christianity at San Francisco Theological Seminary; a member of the Core Doctoral Faculty of the Graduate Theological Union in Berkeley; series editor of Studies in Medieval and Reformation Traditions, and a co-editor of Arbeiten zur Kirchengeschichte. He served as Interim Dean of SFTS and Assistant Provost of the Graduate School of Theology in the University of Redlands from 2021 to 2023. Ocker is known for his work on the history of religion in Europe, Medieval and early modern intellectual and cultural history, and the social and political history of late medieval and early modern Central Europe.
Church-Robbers and Reformers in Germany, 1525–1547, Leiden: E.J. Brill, 2006.
Biblical Poetics before Humanism and Reformation, Cambridge University Press, 2002.
"Anti-Judaism and Anti-Semitism,” in Oxford Encyclopedia of Martin Luther, eds. Derek Nelson, Paul Hinlicky, New York: Oxford University Press, 2017.
"Explaining Evil and Grace," in Oxford Handbook of the Reformation, ed. Ulinka Rublack, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016.
with Kevin Madigan, “After Beryl Smalley: Thirty Years of Medieval Exegesis, 1984-2013,” Journal of the Bible and Its Reception, 2(2015):87-130.
"The German Reformation and Medieval Thought and Culture," History Compass 10(2012):13-46 (http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1478-0542.2011.00816.x/abstract)
"German Theologians and the Jews in the Fifteenth Century,” in Jews, Judaism and the Reformation in Sixteenth-Century Germany, eds. Dean Phillip Bell and Stephen G. Burnett, Leiden: E.J. Brill, 2006.
"Armut und die menschliche Natur," Die neue Frömmigkeit: eine europäische Kultur am Ende des Mittelalters. Edited by Martial Staub and Marek Derwich, for the series Veröffentlichungen des Max-Planck-Instituts für Geschichte. Göttingen: Vandenoeck und Ruprecht, 2004.
"Contempt for Jews and Contempt for Friars in Late Medieval Germany," Friars and Jews in the Middle Ages and Renaissance, eds. Steven McMichael and Susan E. Myers, Leiden: E.J. Brill, 2004.
"Religious Reform and Social Cohesion," The Work of Heiko A. Oberman, eds. Thomas A. Brady and James Tracy, Leiden: E.J. Brill, 2002.
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Antisemitism in Christianity, a form of religious antisemitism, is the feeling of hostility which some Christian Churches, Christian groups, and ordinary Christians have toward the Jewish religion and the Jewish people.
The history of Christianity concerns the Christian religion, Christian countries, and the Christians with their various denominations, from the 1st century to the present. Christianity originated with the ministry of Jesus, a Jewish teacher and healer who proclaimed the imminent Kingdom of God and was crucified c. AD 30–33 in Jerusalem in the Roman province of Judea. His followers believe that, according to the Gospels, he was the Son of God and that he died for the forgiveness of sins and was raised from the dead and exalted by God, and will return soon at the inception of God's kingdom.
ʿIlm al-kalām, usually foreshortened to kalām and sometimes called "Islamic scholastic theology" or "speculative theology", generally speaking, is the philosophical study of Islamic doctrine ('aqa'id). It was born out of the need to establish and defend the tenets of the Islamic faith against the philosophical doubters. However, this picture has been increasingly questioned by scholarship that attempts to show that kalām was in fact a demonstrative rather than a dialectical science and was always intellectually creative. It is also important to note that the definition of Kalam has changed depending on the time and context and who it was used by.
Steven Edgar Ozment was an American historian of early modern and modern Germany, the European family, and the Protestant Reformation. From 1990 to 2015, he was the McLean Professor of Ancient and Modern History at Harvard University, and Professor Emeritus until his death on December 12, 2019.
Heiko Augustinus Oberman (1930–2001) was a Dutch historian and theologian who specialized in the study of the Reformation.
This is a list of books by Jacob Neusner. Articles, reviews, etc. are not included here.
Protestantism originated from the Protestant Reformation of the 16th century. The term Protestant comes from the Protestation at Speyer in 1529, where the nobility protested against enforcement of the Edict of Worms which subjected advocates of Lutheranism to forfeit of all their property. However, the theological underpinnings go back much further, as Protestant theologians of the time cited both Church Fathers and the Apostles to justify their choices and formulations. The earliest origin of Protestantism is controversial; with some Protestants today claiming origin back to people in the early church deemed heretical such as Jovinian and Vigilantius.
The history of Christian thought has included concepts of both inclusivity and exclusivity from its beginnings, that have been understood and applied differently in different ages, and have led to practices of both persecution and toleration. Early Christian thought established Christian identity, defined heresy, separated itself from polytheism and Judaism and invented supersessionism. In the centuries after Christianity became the official religion of Rome, some scholars say Christianity became a persecuting religion. Others say the change to Christian leadership did not cause a persecution of pagans, and that what little violence occurred was primarily directed at non-orthodox Christians.
The concept of God in Abrahamic religions is centred on monotheism. The three major monotheistic religions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, alongside the Baháʼí Faith, Samaritanism, Druze, and Rastafari, are all regarded as Abrahamic religions due to their shared worship of the God that these traditions claim revealed himself to Abraham. Abrahamic religions share the same distinguishing features:
The First Margrave War from 1449–50 was the result of disputes between the Free Imperial City of Nuremberg and Albrecht III Achilles, Elector of Brandenburg. Numerous towns in Franconia in modern Germany were badly affected by the war.
Ruth Langer is a Professor of Theology at Boston College, and an expert on Jewish Liturgy and on Christian Jewish Relations. She is married to Jonathan Sarna.
Martin Luther (1483–1546) was a German professor of theology, priest and seminal leader of the Reformation. His positions on Judaism continue to be controversial. These changed dramatically from his early career, where he showed concern for the plight of European Jews, to his later years, when embittered by his failure to convert them to Christianity, he became outspokenly antisemitic in his statements and writings.
The origins of Judaism lie in the Bronze Age amidst polytheistic ancient Semitic religions, specifically evolving out of the polytheistic ancient Canaanite religion, then co-existing with Babylonian religion, and syncretizing elements of Babylonian belief into the worship of Yahweh as reflected in the early prophetic books of the Hebrew Bible.
Christopher Charles Rowland is an English Anglican priest and theologian. He was Dean Ireland's Professor of the Exegesis of Holy Scripture at the University of Oxford from 1991 to 2014.
Johannes Klenkok was a German Augustinian friar, known as a theologian and disciple of Gregory of Rimini.
Alf Thomas Kraabel was an American classics scholar and educator who worked extensively in Greek and Hellenistic Judaic studies. He served as a faculty member in the classics department at the University of Minnesota from 1963 to 1983, and served as the Dean of Luther College in Iowa before retiring in 2000.
Guy Gedalyah Stroumsa is an Israeli scholar of religion. He is Martin Buber Professor Emeritus of Comparative Religion at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and Emeritus Professor of the Study of the Abrahamic Religions at the University of Oxford, where he is an Emeritus Fellow of Lady Margaret Hall. He is a Member of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities.
David Curtis Steinmetz was an American historian of late medieval and early modern Christianity.
David Nirenberg is a medievalist and intellectual historian. He is the Director and Leon Levy Professor at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, NJ. He previously taught at the University of Chicago, where he was Dean of the Divinity School, and Deborah R. and Edgar D. Jannotta Distinguished Service Professor of Medieval History and the Committee on Social Thought, as well as the former Executive Vice Provost of the University, Dean of the Social Sciences Division, and the founding Roman Family Director of the Neubauer Family Collegium for Culture and Society. He is also appointed to the Department of Romance Languages and Literatures, the Center for Middle Eastern Studies, the Joyce Z. and Jacob Greenberg Center for Jewish Studies.
Paul Chang-Ha Lim an American ecclesiastical historian who serves as professor of church history at Vanderbilt University Divinity School. His main research involves the intellectual history and historical theology of Reformation and post-Reformation England.
