Transportation in Lebanon varies greatly in quality from the ultramodern Beirut International Airport to poor road conditions in many parts of the country. The Lebanese civil war between 1975 and 1990 and the 2006 Lebanon War with Israel severely damaged the country's infrastructure.
The Arab Deterrent Force was an international peacekeeping force created by the Arab League in the extraordinary Riyadh Summit on 17–18 October 1976, attended only by heads of state from Egypt, Kuwait, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, and Syria. It decided to transform the 'token' Arab Security Force into the Arab Deterrent Force. A week later, the conclusions of the Riyadh Summit were endorsed and implemented by the Arab League's Cairo summit on 25–26 October 1976.
The State of Greater Lebanon was a state declared on 1 September 1920, which became the Lebanese Republic in May 1926, and is the predecessor of modern Lebanon.
The Beqaa Valley, also transliterated as Bekaa, Biqâ and Becaa and known in Classical antiquity as Coele-Syria, is a fertile valley in eastern Lebanon. It is Lebanon's most important farming region. Industry also flourishes in Beqaa, especially that related to agriculture.
Chtaura is a town in Lebanon in the fertile Beqaa valley located between the Mount Lebanon and the Anti-Lebanon mountain range. It is located halfway on the Beirut - Damascus highway. It is located 44 km from Beirut.
Zahlé District is an administrative district of the Beqaa Governorate of the Republic of Lebanon. Its capital and largest town is the town of the same name.
Zahlé is the capital and the largest city of Beqaa Governorate, Lebanon. With around 120,000 inhabitants, it is the third largest city in Lebanon after Beirut and Tripoli, and the fourth largest taking the whole urban area.
Massaya is a Lebanese winery and arak distillery owned and operated by the Ghosn brothers Sami and Ramzi. Situated in the north of the Beqaa Valley near Chtaura and Zahlé, 38 km from Baalbek, the winery and distillery are located on the Tanaïl property, which is also home to vineyards and a restaurant. The Beqaa Valley has an extensive history of viticulture dating back over 5,000 years to the Phoenicians. The northern Bekaa has traditionally been a favoured terroir for viticulture, especially since the beginning of the last century. Vines have also been introduced in the southern Bekaa as part of the recent surge in the number of wineries established in Lebanon.
Tell Deir is an archaeological site approximately halfway between Joub Jannine and Chtaura in Lebanon.
Tell Khardane is a Heavy Neolithic archaeological site of the Qaraoun culture north northeast of Aammiq, Lebanon on the road to Chtaura. Several Heavy Neolithic flints including picks, scrapers, blades and flakes were found in fields that surround the tell mound. Many had been produced using the Levallois technique.
The Battle of Zahle took place during the Lebanese Civil War, between December 1980 and June 1981. During the seven-month period, the city of Zahle endured a handful of political and military setbacks. The opposing key players were on the one side, the Lebanese Forces or LF aided by Zahlawi townspeople, and on the other side, the Syrian Armed Forces, then part of the peace-keeping Arab Deterrent Force or ADF, aided by some Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) factions. Demographically, Zahleh is one of the largest predominantly Christian towns in Lebanon. Adjacent to the town's outskirts, the Bekaa valley, spanning the length of the Syrian borders. Given Zahle's close proximity to the Bekaa Valley, the Syrian Armed Forces feared a potential alliance between Israel and the LF in Zahle. This potential alliance would not only threaten the Syrian military presence in the Bekaa valley, but was regarded as a national security threat from the Syrians' point of view, given the close proximity between Zahle and the Beirut-Damascus highway. Consequently, as a clamp-down strategy, the Syrian forces controlled the major roads leading in and out of the city and fortified the entire Valley. Around December 1980, tension increased between Zahlawi Lebanese Forces and Syrian-backed Leftist militants. From April to June 1981, throughout the four-month period, a handful of LF members, aided by Zahlawi Local Resistance, confronted the Syrian war machine and defended the city from Syrian intrusion and potential invasion.
Bekaa Kafra is a Lebanese village located in the Bsharri District in Northern Lebanon. Bekaa Kafra is located in front of the village of Bsharri across the Kadisha Valley. It is the birth town of Saint Charbel. Bekaa Kafra has an altitude ranging from 1500 m to 2000 m at its highest point, making it officially the highest village in Lebanon and Middle-East.
There is an ambiguity about the highest Lebanese village, although this ambiguity is not official. Lebanon is a country that has an average altitude of about 1000 meters above sea level, and contains the highest villages in the Middle East. The main villages of concern are Bekaa Kafra, Ainata, Kfardebian, Laqlouq, Tfail, Ouyoun Orghoch, and Souaqi. The information concerning altitudes given below is confirmed and based on Google Earth elevation indicator.
Tell Bar Elias is an archaeological site 2 km north of the Chtaura to Damascus road in the centre of the village of Bar Elias in the Beqaa Mohafazat (Governorate). It dates at least to the Early Bronze Age.
Tell Kabb Elias is an archaeological site 3 km southwest of Chtaura in the Beqaa Mohafazat (Governorate). It dates at least to the Neolithic.
Chucrallah Fattouh is a Lebanese painter. He was born in Monsef, (Byblos-Lebanon), and graduated from the National Institute of the Lebanese University’s Faculty of Fine Arts in 1983.
The Litani River Dam was established in 1959 and created the largest artificial lake in Lebanon. The area of the lake is about 12 square kilometers, and the capacity the lake is able to hold is about 220 million cubic meters. The height of the dam is 60 meters, the length is 1,350 meters and the width is 162 meters, at most. As a whole, the size of the dam is about 2 million cubic meters
Bekaa Sporting Club, formerly Al Nabi Chit Sporting Club, is a Lebanese football club based in Al-Nabi Shayth, in the Bekaa Valley.
