Citric acid/potassium-sodium citrate

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When calcium ions form a complex with oxalate, this can lead to the formation of kidney stones. When calcium forms a complex with citrate, the formation of the calcium oxalate kidney stone is blocked. This then leads to excretion of the calcium through the urine Citrate and Oxalate.png
When calcium ions form a complex with oxalate, this can lead to the formation of kidney stones. When calcium forms a complex with citrate, the formation of the calcium oxalate kidney stone is blocked. This then leads to excretion of the calcium through the urine

Citric acid/potassium-sodium citrate is a drug used in the treatment of metabolic acidosis (a disorder in which the blood is too acidic). It is made up of citrate (the weak base of citric acid), a sodium cation and potassium cation.

It can also be used for the treatment of kidney stones [1] by treating hypocitraturia. [2] It does this by lowering the amount of acid in the urine, a process known as alkalinization. [3] Increasing the amount of citrate in the blood is also important for kidney stone prevention because citrate creates chemical complexes with calcium, preventing nucleation and agglomeration with oxalate that leads to kidney stones. [2] Because of these two mechanisms of treatment, it can be used to treat both calcium oxalate and uric acid kidney stones. [4]

References

  1. ↑ Ludwig, Wesley W.; Matlaga, Brian R. (2018-03-01). "Urinary Stone Disease: Diagnosis, Medical Therapy, and Surgical Management" . Medical Clinics of North America. Urology. 102 (2): 265–277. doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2017.10.004. ISSN   0025-7125. PMID   29406057.
  2. 1 2 Sorokin, Igor; Pearle, Margaret S. (2018-10-01). "Medical therapy for nephrolithiasis: State of the art". Asian Journal of Urology. 5 (4): 243–255. doi:10.1016/j.ajur.2018.08.005. ISSN   2214-3882. PMC   6197179 . PMID   30364650.
  3. ↑ Kamatani, Naoyuki; Jinnah, H. A.; Hennekam, Raoul C. M.; van Kuilenburg, André B. P. (2021-01-01), Pyeritz, Reed E.; Korf, Bruce R.; Grody, Wayne W. (eds.), "6 - Purine and Pyrimidine Metabolism", Emery and Rimoin's Principles and Practice of Medical Genetics and Genomics (Seventh Edition), Academic Press, pp. 183–234, ISBN   978-0-12-812535-9 , retrieved 2024-10-31
  4. ↑ "CITRATE TO PREVENT CALCIUM AND URIC ACID STONES | Kidney Stone Program". kidneystones.uchicago.edu. Retrieved 2024-11-30.

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