Claude Longchamp (born 14 March 1957 in Fribourg, Switzerland) is a Swiss historian and political scientist (with no university degree). He is a prominent political analyst for Swiss national television and radio, and he is the main figure behind the research institute gfs.berne, which conducts both the main pre- and post-vote polls and projections of national votes in Switzerland.
Longchamp’s main research interest lies in the analysis of direct democracy, in particular voting behaviour of citizens in a direct democratic setting, social and political determinants of opinion formation, as well as political communication and the mass media. One of his main contributions to the analysis of direct democratic decisions is the “Disposition Approach”, a framework combining the predispositions citizen hold and the information available to them to explain voting behavior.
Longchamp’s research also covers Swiss politics, European politics, health policy, economic and financial policy, environmental and technology policy, political culture, anti-Semitism, public opinion, political communication, polling, and lobbying.
Since 1987, Longchamp has been the main analyst of voting behavior for Swiss national television and radio (SRG SSR idée Suisse). He and his team at gfs.berne have been responsible for vote projections on behalf of Swiss television since 1992 and the national polls on elections, referendums and initiatives since 1998. In addition, since 1992 he has been editor of the government-funded post-vote Vox-Analyses of national referendums and initiatives. Longchamp is also responsible for the annual Swiss Worry Barometer, the Swiss Health Monitor, the Swiss Financial Monitor, and is currently preparing the Swiss Racism Monitor.
Until 1992, Longchamp lectured on political science at the University of Berne. Thereafter, he taught at the Universities of Freiburg, Zurich, St. Gallen, as well as the Polytechnics in Winterthur, Zurich, and Lausanne. Since 2008, he has been teaching the course “Applied Political Research” at the University of St. Gallen in the context of the International Affairs Program.
From 1993 until 2003, Longchamp was CEO and member of the board of directors of the GfS-Research Institute, Politics and State Division. Since 2004, he has been CEO and since 2009 also chairman of the board of directors of the research institute gfs.berne, the successor organization of the GfS-institute. As a reaction to criticism directed at the research institute gfs.berne and its managing director, the Independent Complaints Authority for Swiss Radio and Television affirmed in 2008 that gfs.berne was one of the most highly recognized institutions in applied political research in Switzerland.[1]
In addition to his work in applied political science, Claude Longchamp also works as an applied historian, conducting historico-politico-cultural guided city tours for international delegations, politicians, government employees, and journalists. Longchamp is a member of the Social Democratic Party of Switzerland [2], however, since 1993 he has been a passive member only. He is also involved in the society “Bern neu gründen” (“Re-Founding Berne”), which has the aim of re-forging Berne as the leading political centre in Switzerland.
Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a landlocked country located at the confluence of Western, Central and Southern Europe. It is a federal republic composed of 26 cantons, with federal authorities based in Bern.
A referendum is a direct vote by the electorate on a proposal, law, or political issue. This is in contrast to an issue being voted on by a representative. This may result in the adoption of a new policy or specific law, or the referendum may be only advisory. In some countries, it is synonymous with and also known as plebiscite, votation,popular consultation, ballot question, ballot measure, or proposition.
Direct democracy or pure democracy is a form of democracy in which the electorate decides on policy initiatives without elected representatives as proxies. This differs from the majority of currently established democracies, which are representative democracies. The theory and practice of direct democracy and participation as its common characteristic was the core of work of many theorists, philosophers, politicians, and social critics, among whom the most important are Jean Jacques Rousseau, John Stuart Mill, and G.D.H. Cole.
The Swiss People's Party, also known as the Democratic Union of the Centre, is a national-conservative, right-wing populist political party in Switzerland. Chaired by Marco Chiesa, it is the largest party in the Federal Assembly, with 53 members of the National Council and 6 of the Council of States.
Islam in Switzerland has mostly arrived via immigration since the late 20th century. Numbering below 1% of total population in 1980, the fraction of Muslims in the population of permanent residents in Switzerland has quintupled in thirty years, estimated at just above 5% as of 2013. A majority is from Former Yugoslavia ; an additional 20% is from Turkey. This is due to the fact that in the 1960s and 1970s Switzerland encouraged young men from Yugoslavia and Turkey to come as guest workers. Initially these young men were only planning on staying in Switzerland temporarily, however, revised Swiss immigration laws in the 1970s permitted family regrouping. Consequently, these men ended up staying in Switzerland as these new laws allowed the wives and children of these young men into the country. Since this time period, most of the Muslim immigration to Switzerland stems from asylum seekers arriving primarily from Eastern Europe.
Voting in Switzerland is the process by which Swiss citizens make decisions about governance and elect officials. The history of voting rights in Switzerland mirrors the complexity of the nation itself. The polling stations are opened on Saturdays and Sunday mornings but most people vote by post in advance. At noon on Sunday, voting ends and the results are usually known during the afternoon.
Oswald Sigg is a Swiss journalist. In August 2005, he was elected Vice-Chancellor of Switzerland and Spokesman of the government of Switzerland, the Swiss Federal Council. He served as Spokesman until his retirement on 31 March 2009.
The Old Swiss Confederacy or Swiss Confederacy was a loose confederation of independent small states, initially within the Holy Roman Empire. It is the precursor of the modern state of Switzerland.
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender (LGBT) rights in Switzerland are progressive by European standards. Their history is one of liberalisation at an increasing pace since the 1940s, in parallel to the legal situation in Europe and the Western world more generally. Legislation providing for same-sex marriage, same-sex adoption, and IVF access was accepted by 64% of voters in a referendum on 26 September 2021, and entered into force on 1 July 2022.
The federal popular initiative "against the construction of minarets" was a successful popular initiative in Switzerland to prevent the construction of minarets on mosques. In a November 2009 referendum, a constitutional amendment banning the construction of new minarets was approved by 57.5% of the participating voters. Only three of the twenty Swiss cantons and one half canton, mostly in the French-speaking part of Switzerland, opposed the initiative.
The Green Liberal Party of Switzerland, abbreviated to glp, is a green political party in Switzerland. Founded in 2007, the party holds sixteen seats in the Federal Assembly as of the October 2019 election.
The Alliance of Independents, Ring of Independents, or National Ring of Independents, was a social liberal political party in Switzerland that existed between 1936 and 1999.
Karin Keller-Sutter is a Swiss politician who has served as a Member of the Swiss Federal Council since 2019. A member of FDP.The Liberals, she is the head of the Federal Department of Justice and Police. Keller-Sutter previously served as President of the Council of States for the 2017–2018 term.
Direct democracy refers to decision making by vote at public meetings, such as is found in many New England towns in the form of open town meetings, that date back to colonial times. It may also refer to state and local referendums, where a proposal, law, or political issue is put to a direct vote by the electorate, rather than being voted on by representatives in a state or local legislature or council.
Walter Hunziker (1899–1974) was a Swiss professor who founded the Tourism Research Institute at the University of St. Gallen, co-developed the scientific study of tourism, developed the travel savings fund concept, co-founded the Association Internationale d'Experts Scientifiques du Tourisme (AIEST) and the Institut International de Glion. He was a director of the Swiss Tourism Federation, member of Swiss Advisory Committee for Trade Policy, and author.
Federal elections were held in Switzerland on 26 October 1902. The Free Democratic Party retained its majority in the National Council.
The financial referendum is a form of the referendum and an instrument of direct democracy. It always relates to parts of the public budget of a government and allows citizens to vote directly on individual budget items.
The InterCity are mainline trains in Switzerland connecting the country's major agglomerations, the range of services of which is located between InterRegio (IR) and EuroCity (EC). Defined by the phrase "Quickly from one center to another." These trains are generally equipped with air-conditioned equipment, a CFF restaurant or a CFF bistro, a mini-bar service, a quiet area and a business area in 1st class as well as a family area or, occasionally, a family car in 2nd class.