The International Criminal Court is an intergovernmental organization and international tribunal that sits in The Hague, Netherlands. The ICC has jurisdiction to prosecute individuals for the international crimes of genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression. It is intended to complement existing national judicial systems and it may therefore exercise its jurisdiction only when certain conditions are met, such as when national courts are unwilling or unable to prosecute criminals or when the United Nations Security Council or individual states refer situations to the Court.
The plea bargain is any agreement in a criminal case between the prosecutor and defendant whereby the defendant agrees to plead guilty or nolo contendere to a particular charge in return for some concession from the prosecutor. This may mean that the defendant will plead guilty to a less serious charge, or to one of the several charges, in return for the dismissal of other charges; or it may mean that the defendant will plead guilty to the original criminal charge in return for a more lenient sentence.
Obstruction of justice, in United States jurisdictions, is a crime consisting of obstructing prosecutors, investigators, or other government officials. Common law jurisdictions other than the United States tend to use the wider offense of perverting the course of justice.
A prosecutor is a legal representative of the prosecution in countries with either the common law adversarial system, or the civil law inquisitorial system. The prosecution is the legal party responsible for presenting the case in a criminal trial against an individual accused of breaking the law. Typically, the prosecutor represents the government in the case brought against the accused person.
Cameron Todd Willingham was an American man who was wrongly convicted and executed for the murder of his three young children by arson at the family home in Corsicana, Texas, on December 23, 1991. Since Willingham's 2004 execution, significant controversy has arisen over the interpretation of the evidence that was used to convict him of arson and murder.
Georgiy Ruslanovich Gongadze was a Georgian politician and Ukrainian journalist and film director who was kidnapped and murdered in 2000. He founded the internet newspaper Ukrayinska Pravda along with Olena Prytula in 2000.
The High Treason Incident, also known as the Kōtoku Incident, was a socialist-anarchist plot to assassinate the Japanese Emperor Meiji in 1910, leading to a mass arrest of leftists, and the execution of 12 alleged conspirators in 1911.
So far, the International Criminal Court opened investigations in 12 situations: Burundi; two in the Central African Republic; Côte d'Ivoire; Darfur, Sudan; the Democratic Republic of the Congo; Georgia; Kenya; Libya; Mali; Uganda; and Bangladesh/Myanmar. Additionally, the Office of the Prosecutor is conducting preliminary examinations in ten situations in Afghanistan; Bangladesh/Myanmar; Colombia; Guinea; Iraq / the United Kingdom; Nigeria; Palestine; the Philippines; Ukraine; and Venezuela on events since April 2017. Preliminary investigations were closed in Gabon; Honduras; registered vessels of Comoros, Greece, and Cambodia; South Korea; and Venezuela on events since 1 July 2002.
The Special Court for Sierra Leone, or the "Special Court" (SCSL), also called the Sierra Leone Tribunal, was a judicial body set up by the government of Sierra Leone and the United Nations to "prosecute persons who bear the greatest responsibility for serious violations of international humanitarian law and Sierra Leonean law" committed in Sierra Leone after 30 November 1996 and during the Sierra Leone Civil War. The court's working language was English. The court listed offices in Freetown, The Hague, and New York City.
The Special Tribunal for Lebanon (STL), also referred to as the Lebanon Tribunal or the Hariri Tribunal, is a tribunal of international character applying Lebanese criminal law to carry out the investigation and prosecution of those responsible for the 14 February 2005 assassination of Rafic Hariri, the former Lebanese prime minister, and the deaths of 21 others, as well as those responsible for connected attacks.
The Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia, commonly known as the Cambodia Tribunal or Khmer Rouge Tribunal (សាលាក្ដីខ្មែរក្រហម), is a court established to try the most senior responsible members of the Khmer Rouge for alleged violations of international law and serious crimes perpetrated during the Cambodian genocide. Although it is a national court, it was established as part of an agreement between the Royal Government of Cambodia and the United Nations, and its members include both local and foreign judges. It is considered a hybrid court, as the ECCC was created by the government in conjunction with the UN, but remains independent of them, with trials held in Cambodia using Cambodian and international staff. The Cambodian court invites international participation in order to apply international standards.
Luis Gabriel Moreno Ocampo is an Argentine lawyer and the former first Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court (ICC). He previously worked as a prosecutor in Argentina, where he gained fame by representing the public face of the prosecution in the military officials in the Trial of the Juntas. He is currently a Senior Fellow at the Carr Center for Human Rights Policy at Harvard Kennedy School, and a visiting professor at Harvard Law School.
The International Criminal Court investigation in Kenya or the situation in the Republic of Kenya is an ongoing investigation by the International Criminal Court (ICC) into the responsibility for the 2007–2008 post-election violence in Kenya. The 2007–2008 Kenyan crisis followed the presidential election that was held on 27 December 2007. The Electoral Commission of Kenya officially declared that the incumbent President Mwai Kibaki was re-elected; supporters of the opposition candidate Raila Odinga accused the government of electoral fraud and rejected the results. A series of protests and demonstrations followed, and fighting—mainly along tribal lines—led to many deaths, injuries and displacements.
The Route of the K-Money was a 2013 political scandal in Argentina. It began with reports on the Periodismo para todos television program on the results of its investigation, led by journalist Jorge Lanata. Embezzlement and an associated money trail involved Argentine presidents Néstor Kirchner, Cristina Fernández de Kirchner and their employee, businessman Lázaro Báez. The investigation concluded that Báez diverted money intended for public infrastructure to tax havens. The scandal led to an official investigation. To date no judicial investigation ever found any proof of wrongdoing by Néstor or Cristina Kirchner. However, in April 2016 Lázaro Baez was awaiting trial on corruption charges in an Argentinian federal prison.
José María Campagnoli is an Argentine prosecutor. He worked in the political scandal of The Route of the K-Money. He was suspended from his functions in December 2013, having been found guilty of ″abuse of authority″ and ″malfeasance″ in his acting on such case. In July 2014 he was restored as prosecutor, while the trial against him continues.
Ernesto Kreplak is a lawyer graduated from the University of Buenos Aires, Master and regular teacher in the School of Law. He also serves as Under Secretary of Registry Management Coordination and Control of the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights.
Rodolfo María Ojea Quintana is a former member of the terrorist organization Montoneros. He blew up his home by accident on September 25, 1972, while trying to prepare a home-made bomb. Alicia Camps died in the explosion, and his wife and daughters were injured. He currently represents the Senate of Argentina in the jury against José María Campagnoli, the prosecutor that investigated The Route of the K-Money.
María Cristina Martínez Córdoba is an Argentine lawyer. She represents the General Defendant of the Nation in the jury against José María Campagnoli, the prosecutor that investigated The Route of the K-Money.
Hae Min Lee, a Korean-American high school student, was murdered in the U.S. state of Maryland in early 1999. She was last seen alive on January 13 in Baltimore County, and her body was found four weeks later in Leakin Park; she was found to have been killed by manual strangulation.
