Dapagliflozin/metformin

Last updated

Dapagliflozin/metformin
Combination of
Dapagliflozin SGLT2 inhibitor
Metformin Anti-diabetic biguanide
Clinical data
Trade names Xigduo, Xigduo XR, Ebymect
AHFS/Drugs.com Professional Drug Facts
License data
Routes of
administration 		By mouth
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
  • AU: S4 (Prescription only)
  • UK: POM (Prescription only) [1]
  • US: ℞-only
  • EU:Rx-only [2]
  • In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
KEGG
Chemical and physical data
Formula C25H37Cl2N5O6
Molar mass 574.50 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • CCOC1=CC=C(C=C1)CC2=C(C=CC(=C2)C3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)Cl.CN(C)C(=N)N=C(N)N.Cl
  • InChI=1S/C21H25ClO6.C4H11N5.ClH/c1-2-27-15-6-3-12(4-7-15)9-14-10-13(5-8-16(14)22)21-20(26)19(25)18(24)17(11-23)28-21;1-9(2)4(7)8-3(5)6;/h3-8,10,17-21,23-26H,2,9,11H2,1H3;1-2H3,(H5,5,6,7,8);1H/t17-,18-,19+,20-,21?;;/m1../s1
  • Key:IPQABJMJAWNGON-RFSZPCNPSA-N

Dapagliflozin/metformin, sold under the brand name Xigduo XR amongst others, is a fixed-dose combination anti-diabetic medication used as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes. [3] [4] It is a combination of dapagliflozin and metformin [3] and is taken by mouth. [3] Dapagliflozin/metformin was approved for use in the European Union in January 2014, [2] in the United States in February 2014, [4] [5] and in Australia in July 2014.

Contents

Adverse effects

To lessen the risk of developing ketoacidosis (a serious condition in which the body produces high levels of blood acids called ketones) after surgery, the FDA has approved changes to the prescribing information for SGLT2 inhibitor diabetes medicines to recommend they be stopped temporarily before scheduled surgery. Canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, and empagliflozin should each be stopped at least three days before, and ertugliflozin should be stopped at least four days before scheduled surgery. [6]

Symptoms of ketoacidosis include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, tiredness, and trouble breathing. [6]

A potential interaction between dapagliflozin and lithium concomitant causing a reduction in serum lithium levels was bulletined in 2022. [7] [8]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Metformin</span> Medication used to treat diabetes by reducing glucose levels

Metformin, sold under the brand name Glucophage, among others, is the main first-line medication for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, particularly in people who are overweight. It is also used in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome. It is sometimes used as an off-label adjunct to lessen the risk of metabolic syndrome in people who take antipsychotics. Metformin is not associated with weight gain and is taken by mouth.

Drugs used in diabetes treat diabetes mellitus by decreasing the glucose level in the blood. With the exception of insulin, most GLP receptor agonists, and pramlintide, all are administered orally and are thus also called oral hypoglycemic agents or oral antihyperglycemic agents. There are different classes of hypoglycemic drugs, and their selection depends on the nature of diabetes, age, and situation of the person, as well as other factors.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sitagliptin</span> Diabetes medication

Sitagliptin, sold under the brand name Januvia among others, is an anti-diabetic medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. In the United Kingdom it is listed as less preferred than metformin or a sulfonylurea. It is taken by mouth. It is also available in the fixed-dose combination medication sitagliptin/metformin.

Pioglitazone/metformin, sold under the brand name Actoplus Met among others, is a fixed-dose combination anti-diabetic medication used to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes. It contains pioglitazone, a thiazolidinedione, and metformin, a biguanide.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dapagliflozin</span> Diabetes medication

Dapagliflozin, sold under the brand names Farxiga (US) and Forxiga (EU) among others, is a medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. It is also used to treat adults with heart failure and chronic kidney disease. It reversibly inhibits sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) in the renal proximal convoluted tubule to reduce glucose reabsorption and increase urinary glucose excretion.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Linagliptin</span> Chemical compound

Linagliptin, sold under the brand name Tradjenta among others, is a medication used to treat type 2 diabetes in conjunction with exercise and diet. It is generally less preferred than metformin and sulfonylureas as an initial treatment. It is taken by mouth.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lorcaserin</span> Antiobesity drug

Lorcaserin, marketed under the brand name Belviq, was a weight-loss drug developed by Arena Pharmaceuticals. It reduces appetite by activating a type of serotonin receptor known as the 5-HT2C receptor in a region of the brain called the hypothalamus, which is known to control appetite. It was approved in 2012, and in 2020, it was removed from the market in the United States due to an increased risk of cancer detected in users of Belviq.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Canagliflozin</span> Chemical compound

Canagliflozin, sold under the brand name Invokana among others, is a medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. It is used together with exercise and diet. It is not recommended in type 1 diabetes. It is taken by mouth.

Sitagliptin/metformin, sold under the brand name Janumet among others, is a fixed-dose combination anti-diabetic medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. It may be used in those whose blood sugar is not controlled with metformin and a sulfonylurea. It is taken by mouth.

Empagliflozin, sold under the brand name Jardiance, among others, is an antidiabetic medication used to improve glucose control in people with type 2 diabetes. It is not recommended for type 1 diabetes. It is taken by mouth.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Empagliflozin/linagliptin</span> Pharmaceutical drug

Empagliflozin/linagliptin, sold under the brand name Glyxambi, is a fixed-dose combination anti-diabetic medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. It is a combination of empagliflozin and linagliptin. It is taken by mouth.

SGLT2 inhibitors, also called gliflozins or flozins, are a class of medications that inhibit sodium-glucose transport proteins in the nephron, unlike SGLT1 inhibitors that perform a similar function in the intestinal mucosa. The foremost metabolic effect of this is to inhibit reabsorption of glucose in the kidney and therefore lower blood sugar. They act by inhibiting sodium-glucose transport protein 2 (SGLT2). SGLT2 inhibitors are used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Apart from blood sugar control, gliflozins have been shown to provide significant cardiovascular benefit in people with type 2 diabetes. As of 2014, several medications of this class had been approved or were under development. In studies on canagliflozin, a member of this class, the medication was found to enhance blood sugar control as well as reduce body weight and systolic and diastolic blood pressure.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ertugliflozin</span> Chemical compound

Ertugliflozin, sold under the brand name Steglatro, is a medication for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

Empagliflozin/metformin, sold under the brand name Synjardy among others, is a fixed-dose combination anti-diabetic medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. It contains empagliflozin and metformin hydrochloride. It is taken by mouth.

Empagliflozin/linagliptin/metformin, sold under the brand name Trijardy XR, is a drug combination used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. It is a combination of empagliflozin, linagliptin, and metformin. Empagliflozin/linagliptin/metformin was approved for use in the United States in January 2020.

Dapagliflozin/saxagliptin/metformin, sold under the brand name Qternmet XR among others, is a fixed-dose combination anti-diabetic medication used as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes. It is a combination of dapagliflozin, saxagliptin, and metformin. It is taken by mouth. The drug is marketed by AstraZeneca.


Dapagliflozin/Saxagliptin is a combination medication designed to help manage diabetes mellitus, a chronic condition that affects how the body handles glucose (sugar). This medication combines two active ingredients, dapagliflozin/Saxagliptin, to address different aspects of diabetes control. Dapagliflozin/Saxagliptin sold under the brand name Qtern. It is a combination of dapagliflozin and saxagliptin. It is taken by mouth.

Canagliflozin/metformin, sold under the brand name Vokanamet among others, is a fixed-dose combination anti-diabetic medication used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. It is used in combination with diet and exercise. It is taken by mouth.

Pioglitazone/glimepiride, sold under the brand name Duetact among others, is a fixed-dose combination anti-diabetic medication for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. It contains the thiazolidinedione pioglitazone and the sulfonylurea glimepiride. It is taken by mouth.

Bexagliflozin, sold under the brand name Brenzavvy, is an antidiabetic medication used to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes as an adjunct to diet and exercise. It is a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor that is taken by mouth.

References

  1. ↑ "Xigduo Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)". (emc). 2 January 2020. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  2. 1 2 "Xigduo EPAR". European Medicines Agency (EMA). 17 September 2018. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  3. 1 2 3 "Xigduo XR- dapagliflozin and metformin hydrochloride tablet, film coated, extended release". DailyMed. 3 February 2020. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  4. 1 2 "Xigduo XR (dapagliflozin and metformin HCl) Extended-Release Tablets". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 7 April 2015. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  5. ↑ "Xigduo XR: FDA-Approved Drugs". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  6. 1 2 "FDA revises labels of SGLT2 inhibitors for diabetes to include warning". U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 19 March 2020. Retrieved 6 June 2020.PD-icon.svg This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .
  7. ↑ Research, Center for Drug Evaluation and (8 July 2022). "January - March 2022 | Potential Signals of Serious Risks/New Safety Information Identified by the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS)". FDA.
  8. ↑ "Product Information safety updates - November 2022". Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). November 2022. Retrieved 27 June 2023.


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