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Iranian architecture or Persian architecture is the architecture of Iran and parts of the rest of West Asia, the Caucasus and Central Asia. Its history dates back to at least 5,000 BC with characteristic examples distributed over a vast area from Turkey and Iraq to Uzbekistan and Tajikistan, and from the Caucasus to Zanzibar. Persian buildings vary greatly in scale and function, from vernacular architecture to monumental complexes. In addition to historic gates, palaces, and mosques, the rapid growth of cities such as the capital Tehran has brought about a wave of demolition and new construction.
The Great Mosque of Samarra is a mosque from the 9th century CE located in Samarra, Iraq. The mosque was commissioned in 848 and completed in 851 by the Abbasid caliph Al-Mutawakkil who reigned from 847 until 861. At the time of construction, it was the world's largest mosque. It is known for its 52 metres (171 ft) high minaret encircled by a spiral ramp. The mosque is located within the 15,058-hectare (37,210-acre) Samarra Archaeological City UNESCO World Heritage Site, listed in 2007.
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The Jāmeh Mosque of Isfahān or Jāme' Mosque of Isfahān, also known as the Atiq Mosque and the Friday Mosque of Isfahān, is a historic congregational mosque (Jāmeh) of Isfahan, Iran. The mosque is the result of continual construction, reconstruction, additions and renovations on the site from around 771 to the end of the 20th century. The Grand Bazaar of Isfahan can be found towards the southwest wing of the mosque. It has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2012. It is one of the largest and most important monuments of Islamic architecture in Iran.
The Great Mosque of Taza is the most important religious building in the historic medina of Taza, Morocco. Founded in the 12th century by the Almohad caliph Abd al-Mu'min, it is the oldest surviving example of Almohad architecture. It was expanded by the Marinids in the late 13th century and renovated by the 'Alawi sultan al-Rashid in the 17th century.
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The Great Mosque of Herat or "Jami Masjid of Herat", is a mosque in the city of Herat, in the Herat Province of north-western Afghanistan. It was built by the Ghurids, under the rule of Sultan Ghiyath al-Din Muhammad Ghori, who laid its foundation in 1200 CE. Later, it was extended several times as Herat changed rulers down the centuries from the Kartids, Timurids, Mughals and then the Uzbeks, all of whom supported the mosque. The fundamental structure of the mosque from the Ghurid period has been preserved, but parts have been added and modified. The Friday mosque in Herat was given its present appearance during the 20th century.
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The Great Mosque of Sfax was the most important mosque in the old city of Sfax, Tunisia. It was initially built towards the mid-9th century under the rule of the Aghlabid dynasty, a vassal state of the Abbasid Caliphate. The mosque was the urban and religious heart of the city and it underwent several major modifications in later periods. Architecturally, it is notable for its minaret and its unusually decorated eastern façade.
Gozli Ata is one of the remotest shrines of Turkmenistan, devoted to the eponymous saint.
Makhtumkala or Magtymgala is a riverside village in Turkmenistan.
Gerkez is a village in the Balkan Region of Turkmenistan along both sides of Sumbar, about 20 km west of Magtymguly. It is believed to be the birthplace of Magtymguly Pyragy.
Ismamut Ata is a mausoleum in the Khwarazm oasis of Turkmenistan. A cluster of religious structures, it stands amidst a graveyard and was once considered to be among the most prominent shrines in Turkestan.
Bagyr is a former village that has been annexed by the city of Ashgabat, the capital of Turkmenistan. It is presently a neighborhood of the capital city. Bagyr features archeological sites.
Murche is an abandoned village in the Ahal Region of Turkmenistan. The site is famed for the Mausoleum of Zengi Baba.
References
- 1 2 3 Dehistan / Mishrian - UNESCO World Heritage Centre
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Brummell, Paul (2005). Turkmenistan. Bradt Travel Guides. p. 153. ISBN 978-1-84162-144-9.
- ↑ Brummell, Paul (2005). Turkmenistan. Bradt Travel Guides. p. 154. ISBN 978-1-84162-144-9.
- ↑ Gye, David; Hillenbrand, Robert (2001). "Mausolea at Merv and Dehistan". Iran. 39: 53–54. ISSN 0578-6967.
