Delancey Street/Essex Street station

Delancey Street/Essex Street   ​​ ​
New York City Subway station complex
Stair at southeast corner of Essex and Delancey
Station statistics
Address	Delancey Street & Essex Street New York, NY 10002
Borough	Manhattan
Locale	Lower East Side
Coordinates	40°43′07″N73°59′18″W / 40.71851°N 73.988199°W / 40.71851; -73.988199
Division	B (BMT/IND) [1]
Line	IND Sixth Avenue Line BMT Nassau Street Line
Services	F   (all times) <F>  (two rush hour trains, peak direction)​​    J   (all times)    M   (all times except late nights)    Z   (rush hours, peak direction)​
Transit	NYCT Bus: M9, M14A SBS, B39
Structure	Underground
Levels	2
Other information
Opened	July 1, 1948;75 years ago (1948-07-01)
Accessible	not ADA-accessible; accessibility planned
Traffic
2022	5,961,548 [2]   35%
Rank	27 out of 423 [2]
Location Show map of New York City Subway Show map of New York City Show map of New York
Street map
Station service legend Symbol Description Stops all times Stops all times except late nights Stops rush hours in the peak direction only

The Delancey Street/Essex Street station is a station complex shared by the BMT Nassau Street Line and the IND Sixth Avenue Lines of the New York City Subway, located at the intersection of Essex and Delancey Streets on the Lower East Side of Manhattan, just west of the Williamsburg Bridge. It is served by the:

• F and J trains at all times
• M train at all times except late nights
• Z skip-stop and <F> trains during rush hours in the peak direction

In addition to the two track levels—the BMT platforms are on the upper level, and the IND platforms are on the lower—an intermediate mezzanine built for the IND platforms provides the passenger connection between the two lines. As the BMT and the IND were originally separate systems, the transfer passageway was not within fare control until July 1, 1948.^{[ citation needed ]} The full-time entrance is on the north side of Delancey Street, on either side of Essex Street.

Station layout

G	Street level	Exit and entrance
B1	North mezzanine	Fare control
	Side platform
	Westbound [note 1]	← toward Broad Street (Bowery) ← weekdays toward Forest Hills–71st Avenue (Broadway–Lafayette Street) ← AM rush toward Broad Street (Bowery)
	Center track [note 1]	← weekdays/late nights toward Jamaica Center–Parsons/Archer (Marcy Avenue) → ← PM rush toward Jamaica Center–Parsons/Archer (Marcy Avenue) → → weekends toward Middle Village–Metropolitan Avenue (Marcy Avenue) →
	Island platform
	Eastbound [note 1]	→ weekends toward Jamaica Center–Parsons/Archer (Marcy Avenue) → → weekdays toward Middle Village–Metropolitan Avenue (Marcy Avenue) →
	Trolley trackways	Emergency exit, former trackbed, proposed Lowline
B2	South mezzanine	Fare control, exits/entrances
B3	Side platform
	Northbound	← toward Jamaica–179th Street (Second Avenue)
	Southbound	→ toward Coney Island–Stillwell Avenue (East Broadway) →
	Side platform

Since June 2010, both the F and the M operate local along the Sixth Avenue Line north of the Delancey Street/Essex Street station. This resulted in many riders waiting in the stairwells connecting the Sixth Avenue Line's lower-level northbound platform, where the F stops, and the Nassau Street Line's upper-level southbound platform, where the M stops before merging onto the Sixth Avenue Line northbound. This phenomenon did not occur in other stations where two services have separate platforms before merging into the same direction, such as 50th Street–Eighth Avenue. ^[3] In 2017, the MTA installed train-arrival "countdown clocks" across the New York City Subway system, which show how much time will elapse until the next train arrives on each respective platform. ^[4]

Exits

Exit location [5]	Number of exits
NW corner of Delancey Street and Essex Street	1 stair
SW corner of Delancey Street and Essex Street	1 stair
NE corner of Delancey Street and Essex Street	1 stair 1 HEET
SE corner of Delancey Street and Essex Street	1 stair 1 HEET
NW corner of Delancey Street and Norfolk Street	1 stair
NE corner of Delancey Street and Norfolk Street	1 stair

Both the IND and the BMT stations have additional closed exits. The IND station had four additional exits; two were at both the north end of the station at Rivington Street and the other two were at the south end at Broome Street. Two of the staircases were sealed on street level, but metal trapdoors block the other two. A former exit to the southeastern corner of Rivington Street and Essex Street, adjacent to the rear of the Essex Street Market building, remains as a northern emergency exit, and a former exit to the southeastern corner of Broome Street and Essex Street similarly remains as a southern emergency exit.

As part of the construction of the nearby Essex Crossing development, Site 9, which is located at 120 Essex Street (between Rivington and Delancey Streets), there is an easement for a future elevator entrance. ^[6]

BMT Nassau Street Line platforms

Essex Street   ​
New York City Subway station (rapid transit)
Westbound platform
Station statistics
Division	B (BMT) [1]
Line	BMT Nassau Street Line
Services	J   (all times)    M   (all times except late nights)    Z   (rush hours, peak direction)​
Platforms	1 island platform cross-platform interchange (eastbound only) 1 side platform
Tracks	3
Other information
Opened	September 16, 1908;115 years ago (1908-09-16) [7]
Accessible	not ADA-accessible; accessibility planned
Opposite- direction transfer	Yes
Former/other names	Delancey Street
Services Preceding station New York City Subway Following station Bowery J   ​ Z   toward Broad Street Marcy Avenue J   M   Z   ​ eastbound Broadway–Lafayette Street M   toward Forest Hills–71st Avenue Local
Track layout Legend to Marcy Avenue to Broadway–Lafayette Street to Bowery
Station service legend Symbol Description Stops all times Stops all times except late nights Stops weekends during the day Stops weekdays during the day Stops rush hours in the peak direction only

The Essex Street station (announced as Delancey Street–Essex Street) on the BMT Nassau Street Line has three tracks, one side platform, and one island platform. The side platform is used by trains coming from the Williamsburg Bridge. The other two tracks serve the island platform. The middle track, which was formerly the peak-direction express track, is now used for outbound J and Z trains traveling over the Williamsburg Bridge on weekdays and late nights, as well as short turning M trains during weekends and late weekday evenings.

After a 2004 reconfiguration, the former northbound local track south of this station was taken out of regular service. It was only used for occasional reroutes from Chambers Street until 2010. The Chrystie Street Connection between Broadway–Lafayette Street and Essex Street was not used for regular revenue service from 1976 to 2010. On June 28, 2010, with the re-routing of M trains to the IND Sixth Avenue Line and IND Queens Boulevard Line, the connection again saw regular use for those aforementioned trains only.

This station is a bottleneck for eastbound trains, which can be delayed momentarily at this station because the island platform’s two eastbound tracks merge into one upon leaving the station and before crossing the Williamsburg Bridge.

History

Williamsburg Bridge and Delancey Street, 1919. Kiosks in the center go down to the underground trolley terminal; larger one to the left goes to the subway. Foreground: waiting areas for Manhattan streetcars

The Essex Street station during its construction

Next to the Brooklyn-bound local track is the closed Williamsburg Bridge Trolley Terminal, which was built along with the subway station and opened several months earlier. The terminal consisted of eight turning loops with low-level platforms which were used for trolley service from 1908 to 1948 that traveled over the Williamsburg Bridge to different parts of Brooklyn. ^{[8] [9] [10]}

The underground terminal for the subway adjacent to the trolley terminal opened on September 16, 1908. The station initially contained only two tracks which ended at the west end of the station. It also had an additional southern side platform adjacent to the trolley terminal, with the station organized in a Spanish solution. ^[8] The station was rebuilt for through service from 1911 to 1913 for the Centre Street Subway to extend to Chambers Street. The station's platforms originally could only fit six 67-foot-long (20 m) cars. In April 1926, the New York City Board of Transportation (BOT) received bids for the lengthening of platforms at three stations on the Centre Street Loop, including the Essex Street station, to accommodate eight-car trains. ^[11] The New York City Board of Estimate approved funds for the project in July 1926, ^[12] and the extensions were completed in 1927, bringing the length of the platforms to 535 feet (163 m). ^{[13] [14]}

The rest of the subway line has four tracks while there was room at Essex Street station for only three tracks and two platforms. There is provision for a fourth track to run through the trolley terminal area and join the subway west of the trolley terminal, should a four-track subway station be wanted. For many years, the elevated train service was very intensive, but at the same time, the trolley service was also well patronized, so no expansion was ever proposed. This would have added a second side platform to the south of the southernmost track, directly against the trolley terminal. The island platform would have been demolished to make room for the fourth track; alternatively, the fourth track would have been constructed adjacent to the southernmost track, resulting in a 2 side-platform, 1 island-platformed station, similar to the IRT platforms at Atlantic Avenue-Barclays Center.

After streetcar service ended in 1948, the former track area on the south side of the bridge was rebuilt into auto lanes with a new ramp from street level closing off the former downhill ramp to the trolley terminal. ^{[15] [16]} The trolley terminal itself, however, was left vacant, and small portions were converted to storerooms and an emergency exit to the southern corners of Norfolk Street and Delancey Street. ^[17] The vacant space was the proposed location of the LowLine, a planned underground park, but after fundraising proved unsuccessful, the project was indefinitely postponed in February 2020. ^[18] Prior to 1913, the BMT station was also known as Delancey Street.

Image gallery

• 
  Platform
• 
  Name mosaic
• 
  Letter mosaic
• 
  Abandoned trolley terminal
• 
  Abandoned trolley terminal

IND Sixth Avenue Line platforms

Delancey Street   ​
New York City Subway station (rapid transit)
View of northbound platform
Station statistics
Division	B (IND) [1]
Line	IND Sixth Avenue Line
Services	F   (all times) <F>  (two rush hour trains, peak direction)​
Platforms	2 side platforms
Tracks	2
Other information
Opened	January 1, 1936;88 years ago (1936-01-01)
Accessible	not ADA-accessible; accessibility planned
Opposite- direction transfer	Yes
Services Preceding station New York City Subway Following station Second Avenue F   <F> ​ toward Jamaica–179th Street Local East Broadway F   <F> ​ toward Coney Island–Stillwell Avenue
Track layout Legend to Second Avenue to East Broadway
Station service legend Symbol Description Stops all times Stops rush hours in the peak direction only (limited service)

The Delancey Street station (also announced as Delancey Street–Essex Street) on the IND Sixth Avenue Line has two tracks and two side platforms. The station has a part-time booth on the south side of Delancey Street and has two street staircases. Crossovers connect both platforms to the BMT platforms, which are above and perpendicular to the IND platforms. Both platforms have a renovated medium Parma violet trim line with a black border, as well as renovated tile captions in a different font, spaced farther apart, and far lower on the wall than the originals. Only the original mosaic name tablets remain, which read "DELANCEY ST." in white sans-serif lettering on a dark Parma violet background and medium Parma violet border. The southbound platform is lined with indigo I-beam columns, while the northbound platform has tiled columns, both having the standard black station name plate with white lettering every other columns. In a departure from the norm of recent restorations, northbound platform columns that don't have the station name plate feature a large "D" composed of four tiles.

The station formerly had two mezzanine areas, split by the BMT station. Twelve staircases, six on each platform, led to the mezzanine. Most were removed; only the stairs at the extreme north end and the extreme south end of both platforms remain as stairways to emergency exits and storage space.

There are two large wall-sized pieces of artwork, one on each wall where the staircase exits and transfers are located. The artist for both glass mosaics is Ming Fay (2004). The artwork on the downtown side is titled Shad Crossing and details two giant shad fish swimming, along with another wall mosaic of blue waters. In the late 19th century, shad were found along the Hudson River when new immigrants came to New York, many of whom settled on the Lower East Side. The new staircase to the relocated full-time booth also has another painting of a shad wrapped around the bottom of the stairs.

The uptown platform is titled Delancey Orchard and has a cherry orchard tree mosaic, which symbolized the tree owned by the Delancey family in the 18th century. Miniature versions appear along all staircases leading from the Delancey Street platforms to either fare control.

• 
  Original mosaic name tablet under renovated trim line
• 
  "D" tiles on alternating northbound platform columns
• 
  Delancey Orchard mosaic on the northbound platform
• 
  Shad Crossing mosaic on the southbound platform

Notes

1. The railroad direction here is a wrong-way concurrency between the Jand​Ztrains and the Mtrain.

References

1. "Glossary". Second Avenue Subway Supplemental Draft Environmental Impact Statement (SDEIS) (PDF). Vol. 1. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. March 4, 2003. pp. 1–2. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 26, 2021. Retrieved January 1, 2021.
2. "Annual Subway Ridership (2017–2022)". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. 2022. Retrieved November 8, 2023.
3. Flegenheimer, Matt (December 27, 2012). "A Rare Choreography for Riders Caught Between an F and an M". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 3, 2018. Retrieved June 7, 2017.
4. Nonko, Emily (January 2, 2018). "After 11 years, every NYC subway station finally has countdown clocks". Curbed NY. Archived from the original on March 4, 2018. Retrieved March 4, 2018.
5. "MTA Neighborhood Maps: Lower East Side" (PDF). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. 2015. Archived (PDF) from the original on July 24, 2015. Retrieved August 6, 2015.
6. "Squadron Requests Timeline For New Escalator, Elevator at Delancey Street Station". The Lo-Down : News from the Lower East Side. February 1, 2017. Archived from the original on February 3, 2019. Retrieved February 3, 2019.
7. The New York Times , Mayor Runs a Train Over New Bridge Archived October 3, 2013, at the Wayback Machine , September 17, 1908, page 16
8. "Underground Bridge Terminal in New York for Brooklyn Surface and "L" Lines". Street Railway Journal. 31 (15): 592–596. April 11, 1908. Retrieved October 21, 2016.
9. "WillB.newphoto.jpg". Archived from the original on June 25, 2010.
10. "Mayor Drives Trolley Car: He Inaugurates the Service Across Williamsburg Bridge Into Subway" (PDF). The New York Times . May 19, 1908. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 26, 2021. Retrieved October 21, 2016.
11. "To Lengthen Subway Stations". The New York Times. April 11, 1926. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved May 12, 2023.
12. "Broadway Merchants Get Transit Report". The Standard Union. July 22, 1926. p. 4. Retrieved May 12, 2023– via Newspapers.com.
13. "B.M.T. to Operate Eight-car Trains; Platforms in Forty Stations Are Lengthened, Increasing Capacity 33 1-3%". The New York Times. August 2, 1927. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved May 12, 2023.
14. "B. M, T. Station Lengthening Is Nearly Finished: 76 Platforms Are Extended 3,186 Feet to Make Room for 126.000 Additional Passengers in Rush Hours City Carried Out Work I.R.T. Changes Planned, but That Company Refuses to Pay Its Share of Costs". New-York Tribune. August 2, 1927. p. 32. ISSN   1941-0646. ProQuest   1113704092.
15. "Buses Take Over Williamsburg Run: Trolleys End Bridge Service-Old Underground Station No Longer in Use" (PDF). The New York Times . December 6, 1948. Archived from the original on May 13, 2022. Retrieved October 21, 2016.
16. "Williamsburg Bridge Trolleys Bow to Buses After 44 Years". Brooklyn Daily Eagle . December 5, 1948. p. 5. Archived from the original on January 15, 2017. Retrieved October 21, 2016– via Newspapers.com.
17. "Showing Image 2159". Archived from the original on February 4, 2019. Retrieved February 3, 2019.
18. "The Low Line Gets Real at Essex Street Market". thelodownny.com. Archived from the original on February 21, 2014. Retrieved February 16, 2014.

External links

External videos
Essex St Trolley Terminal, Metropolitan Transportation Authority; November 23, 2011; 4:15 YouTube video clip

Subway station:

• nycsubway.org – BMT Nassau Street Line: Essex Street
• nycsubway.org – IND 6th Avenue: Delancey Street
• Station Reporter – Delancey Street/Essex Street Complex
• MTA's Arts For Transit – Delancey Street–Essex Street
• Delancey Street and Essex Street entrance from Google Maps Street View
• Delancey Street and Norfolk Street entrance from Google Maps Street View
• IND platforms from Google Maps Street View
• Westbound BMT Platform from Google Maps Street View
• Eastbound BMT Platform from Google Maps Street View

Trolley terminal:

• Abandoned Stations – "Williamsburg Bridge Railway terminal". Joseph Brennan, Columbia University, 2001.