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Ernst Willi Messerschmid (born 21 May 1945) is a German physicist and former astronaut.
Born in Reutlingen, Germany, Messerschmid finished the Technisches Gymnasium in Stuttgart in 1965. After two years of military service he studied physics at the University of Tübingen and Bonn, receiving a Diplom degree in 1972 and doctorate in 1976. From 1970 to 1975 he was also a visiting scientist at the CERN in Geneva, working on proton beams in accelerators and plasmas. From 1975 to 1976 he worked at the University of Freiburg and the Brookhaven National Laboratory (New York), In 1977, he joined DESY in Hamburg to work on the beam optics of the PETRA storage ring.
From 1978 to 1982, he worked at the DFVLR (the precursor of the DLR) in the Institute of Communications Technology in Oberpfaffenhofen on space-borne communications. In 1983, he was selected as one of the astronauts for the first German Spacelab mission D-1. He flew as a payload specialist on STS-61-A in 1985, spending over 168 hours in space.
After his spaceflight he became a professor at the Institut für Raumfahrtsysteme at the University of Stuttgart. From 2000 to 2004, he was head of the European Astronaut Centre in Cologne. In January 2005, he returned to the University of Stuttgart teaching on subjects of Astronautics and Space Stations.
Ulf Dietrich Merbold is a German physicist and astronaut who flew to space three times, becoming the first West German citizen in space and the first non-American to fly on a NASA spacecraft. He flew on two Space Shuttle missions and on a Russian mission to the space station Mir, spending a total of 49 days in space.
Prof. Dr. Reinhard Alfred Furrer was a German physicist and astronaut.
Abdul Ahad Momand is a German Afghan and former Afghan Air Force aviator who became the first, and currently only, Afghan citizen to journey to outer space.
Janice Elaine Voss was an American engineer and a NASA astronaut. Voss received her B.S. in engineering science from Purdue University, her M.S. in electrical engineering from MIT, and her PhD in aeronautics and astronautics from MIT. She flew in space five times, jointly holding the record for American women. Voss died in Arizona on February 6, 2012, from breast cancer.
Mamoru "Mark" Mohri, AM is a Japanese scientist, a former NASDA astronaut, and a veteran of two NASA Space Shuttle missions. He is the first Japanese astronaut who was part of an official Japanese space program. The first Japanese person in space, Toyohiro Akiyama, was a journalist who was trained in the Soviet Union.
STS-61-A was the 22nd mission of NASA's Space Shuttle program. It was a scientific Spacelab mission, funded and directed by West Germany – hence the non-NASA designation of D-1. STS-61-A was the ninth and last successful flight of Space Shuttle Challenger. STS-61-A holds the current record for the largest crew - eight people - aboard any single spacecraft for the entire period from launch to landing.
Henry Warren Hartsfield Jr. was a United States Air Force Colonel and NASA astronaut who logged over 480 hours in space. He was inducted into the United States Astronaut Hall of Fame in 2006.
Vance DeVoe Brand is an American naval officer, aviator, aeronautical engineer, test pilot, and NASA astronaut. He served as command module pilot during the first U.S.-Soviet joint spaceflight in 1975, and as commander of three Space Shuttle missions.
Edward George Gibson is a former NASA astronaut, pilot, engineer, and physicist.
Steven Ray Nagel, , was an American astronaut, aeronautical and mechanical engineer, test pilot, and a United States Air Force pilot. In total, he logged 723 hours in space. After NASA, he worked at the University of Missouri College of Engineering as an instructor in its Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department.
Gerhard Paul Julius Thiele is a German physicist and a former ESA astronaut. He is the father of Die Astronautin candidate Insa Thiele-Eich.
Reutlingen is a city in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is the capital of the eponymous district of Reutlingen. As of June 2018, it has a population of 115,818. Reutlingen has a university of applied sciences, which was founded in 1855, originally as a weavers' school. Today, Reutlingen is home to an established textile industry and also houses machinery, leather goods and steel manufacturing facilities. It has the narrowest street in the world, Spreuerhofstraße.
Reinhold Ewald is a German physicist and ESA astronaut.
The German astronaut team was established in 1987. Before the establishment of the team, then-West German astronauts were selected for single missions, or as part of the European Space Agency's manned spaceflight activities. East Germany had its first cosmonaut, Sigmund Jähn; Jähn was both West and East Germany's first citizen in space when he departed from Baikonur in the Soviet Union in August and returned to Earth in September 1978. West and East Germany reunified in 1990 and the astronaut team became representative of a single German nation.
Andreas Enevold Mogensen is a Danish engineer and astronaut. He was the first Dane to fly in space as part of the iriss programme.
Alexander Gerst is a German European Space Agency astronaut and geophysicist, who was selected in 2009 to take part in space training. He was part of the International Space Station Expedition 40 and 41 from May to November 2014. Gerst returned to space on 6 June 2018, as part of Expedition 56/57. He was the Commander of the International Space Station. He returned to Earth on 20 December 2018. After the end of his second mission and before being surpassed by Luca Parmitano in 2020, he held the record for most time in space of any active ESA astronaut, succeeding Italian astronaut Paolo Nespoli, and German ESA astronaut Thomas Reiter, who formally held the record for the longest time in space for any active or retired ESA astronaut.
Matthias Josef Maurer is a German European Space Agency astronaut and materials scientist, who was selected in 2015 to take part in space training.
Ahmed Farid, is an astronaut-scientist candidate at the PoSSUM program supported by NASA in Florida, United States. Farid's main work is in Space Operations Mission control center. He was hired by the international space company Telespazio VEGA, Germany, and he's located at the German Space Operation Center (DLR), Munich, Germany. Farid is also the Co-Chairman of the African Regional Group at the International Astronautical Federation (IAF), which welcomes the establishment of IAF Regional Groups aimed at improving the exchange of information on space activities and facilitating the development of regional cooperation in space venture and space applications He works in space operations, human spaceflight, and satellite operations. Farid also served with the International Space Station (ISS) as a Columbus System controller on the European ground segment and as a spacecraft commander/controller for spacecraft in Germany and Europe, German Space Operations Center (GSOC) in Munich, and he was a part of a team responsible for communications between the astronauts and the ground crew of scientists and engineers supervising all the European activities on the International Space Station (ISS).
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