Georgios Panou

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Georgios Panou (Greek : Γεώργιος Πάνου, 1770 – 1 June 1863) was a Greek ship-owner, member of the Filiki Eteria, fighter and politician of the Greek War of Independence from Spetses. He was distinguished for his participation in the naval operations of the Greek revolution.

Greek language language spoken in Greece, Cyprus and Southern Albania

Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece, Cyprus and other parts of the Eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea. It has the longest documented history of any living Indo-European language, spanning more than 3000 years of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the major part of its history; other systems, such as Linear B and the Cypriot syllabary, were used previously. The alphabet arose from the Phoenician script and was in turn the basis of the Latin, Cyrillic, Armenian, Coptic, Gothic, and many other writing systems.

The Greeks or Hellenes are an ethnic group native to Greece, Cyprus, southern Albania, Italy, Turkey, Egypt and, to a lesser extent, other countries surrounding the Mediterranean Sea. They also form a significant diaspora, with Greek communities established around the world.

A shipowner is the owner of a merchant vessel and is involved in the shipping industry. In the commercial sense of the term, a shipowner is someone who equips and exploits a ship, usually for delivering cargo at a certain freight rate, either as a per freight rate or based on hire. Shipowners typically hire a licensed crew and captain rather than take charge of the vessel in person. Usually the shipowner is organized through a company, but also people and investment funds can be ship owners. If owned by a ship company, the shipowner usually performs technical management of the vessel through the company, though this can also be outsourced or relayed onto the shipper through bareboat charter.

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Biography

Prerevolutionary period

Panou was born in 1770 in Spetses. He was the son of the notable, Nikolaos Panou. Since his childhood, he received maritime training and made several trips, at first, alongside his father and his uncle and then with other ship-owners. As a result, Panou visited various places of the Mediterranean Sea (Asia Minor, Italy, etc.). Gradually, he became a ship-owner taking some elementary education in Livorno at the prompting of the merchant Ioannis Zoukis. In 1813, he built his sailboat "Solon", which was used during the Greek Revolution. In 1814, he was appointed by the Ottomans in the position of commander of Spetses. [1]

Mediterranean Sea Sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean between Europe, Africa and Asia

The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa and on the east by the Levant. Although the sea is sometimes considered a part of the Atlantic Ocean, it is usually identified as a separate body of water. Geological evidence indicates that around 5.9 million years ago, the Mediterranean was cut off from the Atlantic and was partly or completely desiccated over a period of some 600,000 years, the Messinian salinity crisis, before being refilled by the Zanclean flood about 5.3 million years ago.

Livorno Comune in Tuscany, Italy

Livorno is a port city on the Ligurian Sea on the western coast of Tuscany, Italy. It is the capital of the Province of Livorno, having a population of 158,493 residents in December 2017. It has traditionally been known in English as Leghorn.

Filiki Eteria and revolution

Later, he a member of Filiki Eteria probably by Panagiotis Sekeris from Tripolitsa. He initiated several persons in the organization, among them important people from Arcadia and Spetses. [2] In 1818, he was appointed along with Botassis and Fatziolatis, as curator of the Filiki Eteria in Spetses while in 1819 he helped Athanasios Tsakalov to escape from Ermioni in Argolis after the murder of Nikolaos Galatis. [3] A few months before the beginning of the Revolution, when Papaflessas arrived in Spetses, Panou followed the revolutionary dictates of the clergyman. [4] With his sailboat "Solon" he participated in the siege of Monemvasia as head of the naval of Spetses and the rest Greek forces that were making the exclusion of the city. [5] After the occupation of Monemvasia, he took part in the siege of Nafplio. [6] In April 1823 he took part as a proxy of Spetses in the National Assembly of Astros and in 1825 he was prefect of Monemvasia. [7] During 1827, he participated in the unsuccessful operation of Thomas Cochrane against the Egyptian fleet in the harbor of Alexandria. [8]

Filiki Eteria organization

Filiki Eteria or Society of Friends was a secret organization founded in 1814 in Odessa, whose purpose was to overthrow the Ottoman rule of Greece and establish an independent Greek state. Society members were mainly young Phanariot Greeks from Constantinople and the Russian Empire, local political and military leaders from the Greek mainland and islands, as well as several Orthodox Christian leaders from other nations that were under Hellenic influence, such as Karađorđe from Serbia Tudor Vladimirescu from Romania, and Arvanite military commanders. One of its leaders was the prominent Phanariote Prince Alexander Ypsilantis. The Society initiated the Greek War of Independence in the spring of 1821.

Panagiotis Sekeris Greek businessperson

Panagiotis Sekeris was a merchant and a leading member of Filiki Eteria. His archive, an important and reliable source for the history of Filiki Eteria, consists of 14 documents and a very comprehensive manuscript, which contains accounts of Filiki Eteria, copies of 89 letters of Panagiotis Sekeris from Constantinople and Odessa, from August 1818 until August 1821, as well as a list of 520 members with the marks of recognition of each one.

Athanasios Tsakalov Greek independence activist

Athanasios Tsakalov was a member of the Filiki Eteria, a Greek patriotic organization against Ottoman rule.

Following years

After the end of the Revolution and the creation of the Greek State, Panou was occupied with the trade sector but a significant financial loss forced him to seek help of the state, which in 1836 recognized him the monthly income of 150 drachmas. He died on 1 June 1863 at the age of 93 years. A short time before he died, he received the silver medal of the Savior for his contribution in the Greek War of Independence. [8]

Greece republic in Southeast Europe

Greece, officially the Hellenic Republic, self-identified and historically known as Hellas, is a country located in Southern and Southeast Europe, with a population of approximately 11 million as of 2016. Athens is the nation's capital and largest city, followed by Thessaloniki.

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References

  1. ↑ Anastasios N. Goudas, Βίοι Παράλληλοι των επί της αναγεννήσεως της Ελλάδος διαπρεψάντων ανδρών, Εκ του Τυπογραφείου Μ. Π. Περίδου, Athens, 1875, vol. 7, p. 377 – 382.
  2. ↑ Tsakonia during the 2nd Ottoman Period. (Greek)
  3. ↑ Dionisios Kokkinos, Η Ελληνική Επανάστασις, εκδόσεις Μέλισσα, 6th edition, Athens 1974, vol. 1, p. 91, 204.
  4. ↑ Dionisios Kokkinos, 1974, vol. 1, p. 164.
  5. ↑ Dionisios Kokkinos, 1974, vol. 1, p. 494, 498.
  6. ↑ Anastasios N. Goudas, 1875, p. 398.
  7. ↑ Anastasios N. Goudas, 1875, p. 401 – 402.
  8. 1 2 Anastasios N. Goudas, 1875, p. 403.

Bibliography

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