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Gustaaf Paul Robert Magnel (born 15 September 1889 in Essen (Belgium); died 5 July 1955 in Ghent) was a Belgian engineer and professor at Ghent University, known for his expertise regarding reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete.
Gustave Magnel studied civil engineering at Ghent University from 1907 to 1912. He left Belgium in 1914 and worked as a civil engineer at the D. G. Somerville & Co. Contractor Company until 1917, finally becoming chief engineer there. After he returned to Belgium from the UK in 1919, he joined the Strength of Materials Laboratory at Ghent University. He first started lecturing at the university in 1922 and went on to become a lecturer in 1927 and, finally, full professor of concrete and reinforced concrete construction as well as director of the Laboratory for Reinforced Concrete Construction in 1937. The French Association des Ingénieurs Docteurs honoured Magnel with its Grande Médaille, and he received the Frank P. Brown Medal from the Franklin Institute of Philadelphia. Magnel was elected a member of the Belgian Academy of Sciences and represented his country at UNESCO from 1945 to 1946. Further honours include Commander of the Yugoslavian St. Sava Order and Chevalier de la Légion d’Honneur.
Magnel was one of the pioneers of prestressed concrete and the inventor of a prestressing anchorage system named after him and Blaton. His list of publications runs to about 200 titles, including the four-volume La pratique du calcul du béton armé and his book on prestressed concrete Le béton précontraint, which was translated into several languages. Magnel supported Eugène Freyssinet during the foundation of the Fédération Internationale de la Précontrainte (FIP) and was its first vice-president. He was regarded not only as a brilliant university teacher and researcher, but also as a structural engineer. For instance, he was the first person to use prestressed continuous beams – in his design for Sclayn Bridge near Andenne; and it was Magnel’s Walnut Lane Memorial Bridge that inaugurated the use of prestressed concrete in the USA. Magnel’s monograph on prestressed concrete was therefore unique because it provided a comprehensive scientific footing for this form of construction for the first time; it was an outstanding document at the transition from the invention phase (1925-1950) to the innovation phase (1950-1975) of theory of structures.
Campus, F., Notice sur Gustave Magnel. In: Annuaire de l’Académie royale des sciences, des lettres et des beaux-arts de Belgique, pp. 1-39, 1970; Brussels. (in French)
Gaspard-Gustave de Coriolis was a French mathematician, mechanical engineer and scientist. He is best known for his work on the supplementary forces that are detected in a rotating frame of reference, leading to the Coriolis effect. He was the first to apply the term travail for the transfer of energy by a force acting through a distance.
Paul Émile de Puydt, a writer whose contributions included work in botany and economics, was born and died in Mons, Belgium. His father was Jean Ambroise de Puydt (1758–1836), who was governor of the province Hainaut in the early days of Belgium from 1830 till 1834. In the first marriage of his father there were 6 children. The famous Remi de Puydt came from this first marriage. He is a half brother of Paul Émile de Puydt. Remi de Puydt was a civil engineer and a politician (representative), and he served in the Belgian army as a colonel.
Eugène Freyssinet was a French structural and civil engineer. He was the major pioneer of prestressed concrete.
Egide Charles Gustave, Baron Wappers was a Belgian painter. His work is generally considered to be Flemish and he signed his work with the Dutch form of his name, Gustaaf Wappers.
Dr. Michel Virlogeux FREng CorrFRSE is a French structural engineer and bridge specialist.
The water–cement ratio is the ratio of the weight of water to the weight of cement used in a concrete mix. A lower ratio leads to higher strength and durability, but may make the mix more difficult to work with and form. Workability can be resolved with the use of plasticizers or super-plasticizers.
The original Walnut Lane Memorial Bridge was a prestressed concrete girder bridge in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, designed by Belgian Engineer Gustave Magnel and built by the City of Philadelphia. Completed and fully opened to traffic in 1951, this three-span bridge carried Walnut Lane over Lincoln Drive and Monoshone Creek. It was the first major prestressed concrete beam bridge designed and built in the United States when completed.
François Hennebique was a French engineer and self-educated builder who patented his pioneering reinforced-concrete construction system in 1892, integrating separate elements of construction, such as the column and the beam, into a single monolithic element. The Hennebique system was one of the first appearances of the modern reinforced-concrete method of construction.
Joseph Monier was a French gardener and one of the principal inventors of reinforced concrete.
François Coignet was a French industrialist and a pioneer in the development of reinforced concrete as the first person to use iron-reinforced concrete to construct buildings.
Paul Cottancin was a French engineer and a pioneer in the use of reinforced brickwork and concrete. He is known for the church of Saint-Jean-de-Montmartre in Paris, which he designed in collaboration with the architect Anatole de Baudot.
Alfred Hardy (1900–1965) was a Belgian contractor and autodidact architect. He became internationally known for his thin-shell concrete constructions in the 1950s and 1960s.
The Blaton Family is a Belgian family active in the construction industry since 1865.
The Savines Bridge is a 924m concrete viaduct in Savines-le-Lac, in the Provence Alps and Prealps of south-east France, built in 1960. It crosses a reservoir of the Durance river.
Louis-Gustave du Pasquier was a Swiss mathematician and historian of mathematics and mathematical sciences.
Manfred Curbach is a German civil engineer and university professor. He is a leading researcher in the development of textile-reinforced concrete and carbon reinforced concrete respectively.
Events in the year 1839 in Belgium.
Events in the year 1857 in Belgium.
Henri de Miffonis, born as Louis Fernand Henri de Miffonis, was a civil engineer. He was born in Boulogne-Billancourt, France and died in Canada in 1955. Miffonis specialized in the construction of lighthouses. He studied in civil engineering at the University of Paris. In 1905, after obtaining his diploma, he accepted an offer of employment with the Department of Fisheries and Oceans in Canada for work with the Commission des phares, newly created. Miffonis' work was supervised by the Chief Engineer of the Commission, William Patrick Anderson, a fervent promoter of reinforced concrete in the construction of lighthouses.
Jean Gustave Courcelle-Seneuil /ʒɑ̃ɡusˈtav kuʁˈsɛl səˈnœj/ was a French economist. He is considered to be the founder of classical economics and economic liberalism in Chile.
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