Hazard (1779 ship)

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History
British-Red-Ensign-1707.svgGreat Britain
NameHazard
Launched1779, Bermuda
Captured1793
General characteristics
Tons burthen126, [1] or 138, or 150, [2] or 152, or 160 (bm)
Length69 ft 8 in (21.2 m) [1]
Beam21 ft 0 in (6.4 m) [1]
Complement25 [2]
Armament8 × 4-pounder guns [2]
NotesTwo decks & three masts [1]

Hazard was launched in 1779 in Bermuda. In 1787 she sailed to Liverpool and commenced trading from there, particularly to West Africa. In 1791 she became a slave ship, making one complete voyage in the Atlantic triangular slave trade. On her second voyage a French privateer captured her in 1793.

Contents

Career

Hazard first appeared in Lloyd's Register (LR), in 1787. [3] In the late 1780s and early 1790s, Hazard sailed to Africa, including the Îles de Los. There was no sign, however, that she was engaged in the slave trade.

YearMasterOwnerTradeSource
1787ReynoldsCapt.&Co.Liverpool–AfricaLR
1789ReynoldsCapt.&Co.
Sellar & Co.		Africa–Liverpool
Liverpool–Africa		LR
1791J.Reynolds
A.Forrest		Sellar & Co.
W.Begg & Co.		Liverpool–AfricaLR

1st slave trading voyage (1791–1792): Captain Archibald Forest sailed from Liverpool on 4 June 1791, bound for West Africa. Hazard started acquiring slaves on 3 September at Cameroon. She departed Africa on 28 February 1792 and arrived at Jamaica on 28 April. She had embarked 218 slaves and arrived with 169, for a 22% mortality rate. She sailed from Jamaica on 11 June and arrived at Liverpool on 31 July. She had left Liverpool with 24 crew members and she suffered seven crew deaths on the voyage. [4]

2nd slave trading voyage (1792–Loss): Captain Gilbert Rigby sailed from Liverpool on 27 September 1792. [5] He was issued a letter of marque on 24 April 1793, [2] shortly after the outbreak of war with France.

Capture

The French privateer Liberty, of Bordeaux, captured seven slave ships before July 1793: Hazard, Echo, Union, Little Joe, Mercury, Prosperity, and Swift, Roper, master. Hazard was captured off Cape Mount. [6] [lower-alpha 1]

Notes

  1. ↑ There was a Liberté, privateer from Bordeaux, that was commissioned in February 1793 under Jacques Laventy with 16 to 20 guns. She was sold in Guadeloupe in June 1793 by a Mister Mehy, and operated under a Captain Le Bas until 1794. [7]

Citations

  1. 1 2 3 4 Craig & Jarvis (1967), p. 93.
  2. 1 2 3 4 "Letter of Marque, p.67 – Retrieved 25 July 2017" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 October 2016. Retrieved 27 October 2018.
  3. ↑ LR (1787), Seq.No.H436.
  4. ↑ Trans Atlantic Slave Trade Database – Hazard voyage #81760.
  5. ↑ Trans Atlantic Slave Trade Database – Hazard voyage #81761.
  6. ↑ "The Marine List". Lloyd's List. No. 5228. 26 July 1793. hdl:2027/hvd.32044050633098 . Retrieved 30 July 2021.
  7. ↑ Demerliac (1999), p. 266, n°2341.

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Echo was launched in 1791 in Liverpool as a slave ship. She made two complete voyages from Liverpool in the Atlantic triangular slave trade. On her third voyage a French privateer captured her, but a British letter of marque recaptured her. She did not return to enslaving and was last listed in 1796.

Prosperity was launched in Strangford in 1788. She traded in the area and then to Dominica. From 1792 she made two voyages as a slave ship in the Atlantic triangular slave trade. On both voyages French privateers captured her. In the first case the Royal Navy recaptured her and she completed her voyage. In the second case her captor sent her into France.

Mercury's origins are obscure. She may have been launched in New York in 1774, possibly under another name. In 1793 she made one voyage as a slave ship in the Atlantic triangular slave trade. A French privateer captured Mercury, but the Royal Navy recaptured her.

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Aeolus was built in Liverpool. Between 1787 and 1806 she made 13 voyages as a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people. On one voyage she repelled an attack by a French privateer in a single ship action. She was last listed in 1808.

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References

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