New Zealand's electricity market (NZEM) is regulated by the Electricity Industry Participation Code administered by the Electricity Authority (EA). The Authority was established in November 2010 to replace the Electricity Commission.
In economic terms, electricity is a commodity capable of being bought, sold, and traded. An electricity market, also power exchange or PX, is a system enabling purchases, through bids to buy; sales, through offers to sell; and short-term trading, generally in the form of financial or obligation swaps. Bids and offers use supply and demand principles to set the price. Long-term trades are contracts similar to power purchase agreements and generally considered private bi-lateral transactions between counterparties.
The 2000–01 California electricity crisis, also known as the Western U.S. energy crisis of 2000 and 2001, was a situation in which the U.S. state of California had a shortage of electricity supply caused by market manipulations and capped retail electricity prices. The state suffered from multiple large-scale blackouts, one of the state's largest energy companies collapsed, and the economic fall-out greatly harmed Governor Gray Davis's standing.
The National Electricity Market (NEM) is an arrangement in Australia's electricity sector for the connection of the synchronous electricity transmission grids of the eastern and southern Australia states and territories to create a cross-state wholesale electricity market. The Australian Energy Market Commission develops and maintains the Australian National Electricity Rules (NER), which have the force of law in the states and territories participating in NEM. The Rules are enforced by the Australian Energy Regulator. The day-to-day management of NEM is performed by the Australian Energy Market Operator.
Enel S.p.A. is an Italian multinational manufacturer and distributor of electricity and gas.
European Energy Exchange (EEX) AG is a central European electric power exchange located in Leipzig, Germany. It develops, operates and connects secure, liquid and transparent markets for energy and related products, including power derivative contracts, emission allowances, agricultural and freight products.
Michele Serena is an Italian football manager, and former football defender. He usually played as a right-back, although he was capable of playing on either flank.
The Energy Exchange Austria (EXAA) is a Central European energy exchange headquartered in Vienna. Currently, the EXAA Market encompasses trading areas in the entire of Austria and Germany.
Wind power in Italy, at the end of 2015, consisted of more than 1,847 wind turbines with a total installed capacity of 8,958 megawatts. Wind power contributed 5.4% of Italy electricity generation in 2015 (14,589 GWh). Italy is ranked as the world's tenth producer of wind power as of the end of 2016. Prospects for Italian wind energy beyond 2016 were very uncertain.
The Ministry of Economic Development is a government ministry of the Italian Republic. It deals with production, economic activities, energy and mineral resources, telecommunications, consumers, tourism, internationalisation and business incentives. It was formed in 2006 after the reorganization of the Ministry of Productive Activities to which were merged the Ministry of Communications and the Ministry of International Trade in 2008.
Nord Pool AS is a European power exchange owned by Euronext and the continental Nordic and Baltic countries' Transmission system operators (TSOs). Nord Pool delivers power trading across Europe. Nord Pool offers day-ahead and intraday trading, clearing and settlement, data and compliance, as well as consultancy services. More than 360 customers trade on Nord Pool today.
APX Group (APX) is an energy exchange operating the spot markets for electricity in the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, and Belgium. Established in 1999, APX provides exchange trading, central clearing and settlement, and data distribution services as well as benchmark data and industry indices. APX has over 180 members from more than 15 countries. In 2014, a total volume of 92 TWh of energy was traded or cleared by APX.
Elia is a Belgian transmission system operator for high-voltage electricity, located in Brussels, Belgium. It operates in Belgium and Germany. The company transmits electricity from generators to distribution system operators, which then supply SMEs and homes. Elia also has contracts with major industrial users that directly connect to its high-voltage grid.
European Market Coupling Company, EMCC or emcc, is a provider of congestion management services for cross-border electrical interconnectors. This is done by means of market coupling, in particular tight volume coupling.
Italy's total electricity consumption was 302.75 terawatt-hour (TWh) in 2020, of which 270.55 TWh (89,3%) was produced domestically and the remaining 10.7% was imported.
The Indian Energy Exchange (IEX) is an Indian electronic system based power trading exchange regulated by the Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC). IEX started its operations on June 27, 2008. Indian Energy Exchange pioneered the development of power trading in India and provides an electronic platform to the various participants in powe market, comprising State Electricity Boards, Power producers, Power Traders and Open Access Consumers.
Renewable energy has developed rapidly in Italy over the past decade and provided the country a means of diversifying from its historical dependency on imported fuels. Solar energy production alone accounted for around 8% of the total electric production in the country in 2014, making Italy the country with the highest contribution from solar energy in the world. Rapid growth in the deployment of solar, wind and bio energy in recent years lead to Italy producing over 40% of its electricity from renewable sources in 2014.
Geothermal power accounts for about 1.6-1.8% of the total electric energy production in Italy and is about 7% of the total renewable energy produced in 2010. The total energy from Geothermal was 5,660 GWh in 2015. Italy is the sixth country by geothermal installed capacity.
Crnogorski Elektroprenosni Sistem AD is an electric power transmission system operator located in Podgorica, Montenegro. It is a member of European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity. AD stands for Akcionersko Drustvo, or Joint Stock Company.
European Power ExchangeSE is an electric power exchange operating in Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Sweden and Switzerland.