Kales is the Dutch name of Calais, France.
Kales may also refer to:
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Tarsus may refer to:
Bithynia was an ancient region, kingdom and Roman province in the northwest of Asia Minor, adjoining the Propontis, the Thracian Bosporus and the Euxine Sea. It bordered Mysia to the southwest, Paphlagonia to the northeast along the Pontic coast, and Phrygia to the southeast towards the interior of Asia Minor.
Nysa may refer to:
Cale may refer to:
Cius, later renamed Prusias on the Sea after king Prusias I of Bithynia, was an ancient Greek city bordering the Propontis, in Bithynia and formerly in Mysia, and had a long history, being mentioned by Herodotus, Xenophon, Aristotle, Strabo and Apollonius Rhodius. It was strategically placed at the head of a gulf in the Propontis, called the gulf of Cius, or Cianus Sinus. Herodotus calls it Cius of Mysia; and also Xenophon, from which it appears that Mysia, even in Xenophon's time, extended at least as far east as the head of the gulf of Cius. Pliny the Elder reports that Cius was a Milesian colony. It was at the foot of Mount Arganthonius, and there was a myth that Hylas, one of the companions of Heracles on the voyage to Colchis, was carried off by the nymphs when he went to get water here; and also that Cius, another companion of Heracles, on his return from Colchis, stayed here and founded the city, to which he gave his name. Pliny mentions a river Hylas and a river Cius here, one of which reminds us of the name of the youth who was stolen by the nymphs, and the other of the mythical founder. The Cius may be the channel by which the lake Ascania discharges its waters into the gulf of Cius; though Pliny speaks of the Ascanium flumen as flowing into the gulf, and we must assume that he gives this name to the channel which connects the lake and the sea. If the river Cius is not identical with this channel, it must be a small stream near Cius. As Ptolemy speaks of the outlets of the Ascanius, it has been conjectured that there may have been two, and that they may be the Hylas and Cius of Pliny; but the plural ἐκβολαί does not necessarily mean more than a single mouth; and Pliny certainly says that the Ascanius flows into the gulf. However, his geography is a constant cause of difficulty. The position of Cius made it the port for the inland parts, and it became a place of much commercial importance. Pomponius Mela calls it the most convenient emporium of Phrygia, which was at no great distance from it.
Arsames I seems to have taken control of Commagene, Sophene and Armenia in the year 260 BC after the death of his grandfather Orontes III, king of Armenia, and his father Sames, king of Commagene.
Bithynium or Bithynion was a city in the interior of Bithynia, lying above Tius, as Strabo describes it, and possessing the country around Salon, which was a good feeding country for cattle, and noted for its cheese. Bithynium was the birthplace of Antinous, the favourite of Hadrian, as Pausanius tells us, who adds that Bithynium is beyond, by which he probably means east of, the river Sangarius; and he adds that the remotest ancestors of the Bithynians are Arcadians and Mantineis. If this is true, which however does not seem probable, a Greek colony settled here. Bithynium was afterwards called Claudiopolis, a name which it is conjectured it first had in the time of Tiberius; but it is strange that Pausanias does not mention this name. Dio Cassius speaks of it under the name of Bithynium and Claudiopolis also. It later bore the name Hadriana after the emperor. The names of Claudiopolis and Hadriana appear on coins minted here.
Germanicopolis was an ancient town in Bithynia, also known as Caesarea in Bythinia (not to be confused with Caesarea Germanica, as such a former bishopric and present Latin Catholic titular see.
Prusias ad Hypium was a city in ancient Bithynia, and afterwards in the late Roman province of Honorias, and a bishopric that was a suffragan of Claudiopolis in Honoriade. Before its conquest by King Prusias I of Bithynia it was named Cierus or Kieros. Photius writes that it was called Kieros, from the river which flows by it.
Tium was an ancient settlement, also known as Filyos, on the south coast of the Black Sea at the mouth of the river Billaeus in present-day Turkey. Ancient writers variously assigned it to ancient Paphlagonia or Bithynia.
Lillium or Lillion, or Lileon or Lileum (Λιλεόν), or Lilaeus or Lilaios (Λίλαιος), was a commercial town (emporium) on the Black Sea coast of ancient Bithynia, 40 stadia to the east of Dia. It is possible that the place may have derived its name from the Lilaeus, which Pliny the Elder mentions among the rivers of Bithynia.
Clitae or Kleitai was a town in the interior of Bithynia, mentioned by Ptolemy. It lay east of the Parthenius River.
Oxinas or Oxines was a town on the eastern coast of ancient Bithynia located on the Black Sea, probably near the mouth of the river of the same name.
Chelae or Chelai was a coastal town of ancient Bithynia located on the Pontus Euxinus. It appears in the Tabula Peutingeriana, and in the Periplus Ponti Euxini written by Arrian, who places it 20 stadia east of Thynias and 180 west of the mouth of the Sangarius River.
Rhebas was a coastal town of ancient Bithynia located near the Euxine entrance to the Bosphorus, near the mouth of the Rhebas River.
Artanes was a coastal town of ancient Bithynia located on the Pontus Euxinus at the mouth of the Artanes River. There was a port and a temple of Venus.
Cales or Kales, also Calles or Kalles (Κάλλης), was an emporium or trading place on the coast of ancient Bithynia at the mouth of a river of the same name. Cales was 120 stadia east of Elaeus.
Cales or Kales, also Calles or Kalles (Κάλλης), was a river of ancient Bithynia. At its mouth was the town of Cales, located 120 stadia east of Elaeus. This seems to be the river which Thucydides calls Calex (Κάληξ), at the mouth of which Lamachus lost his ships, which were anchored there, owing to a sudden rise of the river. Thucydides places the Calex in the Heracleotis, which agrees very well with the position of the Cales. Lamachus and his troops were compelled to walk along the coast to Chalcedon. Pliny the Elder mentions a river Alces in Bithynia, which it has been conjectured, may be a corruption of Calex.
Sandaraca or Sandarake was a coastal town of ancient Bithynia, at a distance of 90 stadia to the east of the river Oxines.
Modra was a town of ancient Bithynia. According to Strabo, the town was situated in Phrygia Epictetus, at the sources of the river Gallus; but as this river flows down from the northern slope of the Bithynian Olympus, which there forms the boundary between Phrygia and Bithynia, Strabo must be mistaken, and Modra probably belonged to the southwest of Bithynia. It became the seat of a bishop; no longer a residential see it remains a titular see of the Roman Catholic Church. The district about Modra was called Modrene.