Lava Kusa

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Lava Kusa
Lava Kusa.JPG
Theatrical release poster
Directed by
Written by
  • Sadasivabrahmam (Telugu dialogues)
  • A. K. Velan (Tamil dialogues)
Screenplay by
Based on Uttara Ramayana
Produced byA. Sankara Reddy
Starring
CinematographyP. L. Rai
Edited byA. Sanjeevi
Music by Ghantasala
Production
company
Lalita Sivajyoti Films
Release date
  • 29 March 1963 (1963-03-29)
Running time
208 min
CountryIndia
Languages
  • Telugu
  • Tamil
Box office₹ 3 crore

Lava Kusa (also spelled as Lava Kusha) is a 1963 Indian Hindu mythological film directed by C. S. Rao and his father C. Pullayya. The film was scripted by Sadasivabrahmam, Samudrala Sr. along with C. S. Rao and C. Pullayya. The film was produced by Sankara Reddy under Lalita Sivajyothi Films. Lava Kusa is the first full-length colour film of Telugu cinema. [1]

Contents

The film was a remake of 1934 film of same name which was also directed by C. Pullayya. The story is an adaptation of the Uttara Kanda from Ramayana. It revolves around the roles of Lava and Kusa, sons of Rama (N. T. Rama Rao) and Sita (Anjali Devi). Chittoor Nagayya, Kantha Rao, Sobhan Babu, S. Varalakshmi, Kaikala Satyanarayana play supporting roles. The film was shot in both Telugu and Tamil languages with the same title, but with slight differences in the cast.

Production began in 1958 but was stopped due to financial constraints. When it restarted, C. Pullayya's health was deteriorating, so his son C. S. Rao took over. The soundtrack features 27 songs, with the musical score primarily composed by Ghantasala and K. V. Mahadevan, and the lyrics by Sadasivabrahmam and Samudrala Sr. (Telugu) and Maruthakasi (Tamil). The Telugu version of Lava Kusa was released on 29 March 1963, while the Tamil version was released the following month, on 19 April. The former won the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Telugu for that year. It was also dubbed in Kannada, and later in Hindi in 1974. In 2011 the film was rebooted with the title Sri Rama Rajyam starring Nandamuri Balakrishna and Nayanthara in the lead.

Plot

This movie is based on Uttara Kanda which is the later part of Ramayana written by Valmiki Maharshi. It depicts the lives of Lava and Kusa, the sons of Sita and Rama. The story depicts Sri Rama Pattabhishekam and the brief period of Rama Rajyam, Rama sending Seeta exile on hearing the accusations of a washerman, Birth of Lava and Kusa, their visit to Ayodhya, Ashwamedha Yagna and conflict between Rama and his sons and Pattabhishekam of Lava and Kusa and Rama finally ending his Avatar.

Cast

CharacterActors in Language
TeluguTamil
Lord Rama N. T. Rama Rao
Goddess Sita Anjali Devi
Valmiki Chittoor Nagayya
Lava Master NagarajuMaster Uma
Kusa Master SubrahmanyamMaster Murali
Lakshmana Kanta Rao Gemini Ganesan [2]
Anjaneya Sando Krishna
Bharata Kaikala Satyanarayana
Shatrughna Sobhan Babu
Kausalya P. Kannamba
Shanta Sandhya
Bhudevi S. Varalakshmi
Vasishta Dhulipala
Valmiki's disciple Ramana Reddy
Wife of Valmiki's disciple Suryakantam
Washerman Relangi M. R. Radha
Wife of washerman Girija Manorama
Dancer (Special appearance) Sukumari
Sivarama Krishnayya

Production

Development

A. Sankara Reddy wished to produce a film based on the Hindu epic Ramayana starring N. T. Rama Rao and Anjali Devi after watching them play the roles of Rama and Sita in the song "Murisenu Lokamu" from Charanadasi, the Telugu version of the 1956 Tamil language film Mathar Kula Manickam . C. Pullayya, who was planning to remake his 1934 Telugu language directorial Lava Kusa, agreed to direct it for Sankara Reddy's Lalitha Sivajyothi films. [3] The remake, also titled Lava Kusa, [3] is the first full-length colour film of Telugu cinema. [1] Writer Vempati Sadasivabrahmam, who worked with Pullayya for Charanadasi, was chosen to write the remake's script. [3] During the process, Sadasivabrahmam stayed faithful to the screenplay and the dialogue written for the original by Vallabhajosyula Ramanamurthy and Balijepalli Lakshmikantham respectively. [3]

The production costs escalated because of Sankara Reddy's decision to make the film in colour. The film's production commenced in 1958 and got stuck due to lack of funds after completion of one-third of the planned portions. [3] After five years, Sundarlal Nahata offered to provide funds in lieu of the film's distribution rights and B. Nagi Reddy provided studio facilities. By then, Pullayya's health deteriorated and Sankara Reddy approached B. N. Reddy to complete the film. Narasimha Reddy advised him to consider Pullayya's son C. S. Rao. [3] Rao was reluctant, opining that nothing dramatic was left for him to film. Pullayya convinced Rao to take up the task, stating that the emotional scenes in Rama's palace were of equal importance to the story. [3]

Casting

Lava Kusa was filmed as a bilingual in Telugu and Tamil languages with differences in casting. [3] Anaparthi Nagaraju and Viyyuri Subrahmanyam were cast as Lava and Kusa respectively in Telugu. [4] For the Tamil version, they were replaced by Baby Uma and Master Murali. [3] Subrahmanyam was cast after the makers saw him perform the same character in a play staged in Kakinada. He was a nine year old when the filming began and was 14 when the film released. [1] Unlike Subrahmanyam, Nagaraju acted in a few films before Lava Kusa; Pullayya offered him the role after observing his work. Nagaraju was eight years old when the filming began. [1]

Kanta Rao was cast for the role of Lakshmana. When the actor was being diagnosed for eosinophilia and became obese, he was offered the role of Shatrughna. [5] Rama Rao insisted Sankara Reddy to let Kanta Rao play Lakshmana, [5] and Sobhan Babu was signed to play Shatrughna. [3] Kaikala Satyanarayana, Chittor V. Nagayya, and Sando Krishna were chosen to play the roles of Bharata, Valmiki, and Anjaneya respectively. [3]

Filming

The shooting took place at a big mango orchard near Chennai. We used to wake up at 4 am and head to the sets. We would be ready with all our make-up on by 7 am. Both of us used to undergo an hour's training everyday. We even had to learn viluvidya (arrow fighting). I still remember how we used to call our trainer, Sharma master. He painstakingly taught us the art of shooting arrows.

—Nagaraju, in an interview with The Times of India in April 2013. [1]

Pullayya made Nagaraju and Subrahmanyam undergo training for an hour every day and memorise the dialogues and lyrics of the songs. [1] Filming used to begin by 7:00 AM and would go on till 9:00 PM. However, the duo was relieved an hour before to ensure that they could sleep properly. [1] According to them, Rama Rao and Anjali Devi were "committed to the core". [4] When none of the crowns designed for him were suitable, Rama Rao used the one he used in Charanadasi which costed ₹140. [3] In a particular scene, Nagaraju was supposed to cry and glycerine was used. When it turned out to be ineffective, Anjali Devi slapped him and the scene was filmed. After its completion, she had to console him for almost fifteen minutes. [1]

The climax sequences were filmed first, and because of delay in the film's production, the child artistes looked much aged in the earlier portions. [1] When the scene of Rama embracing his sons was filmed, Pullayya arranged two small tables and asked Rama Rao to hug Nagaraju and Subrahmanyam, who were standing on them. The duo stated that this incident was an example of Pullayya's respect towards the lead character and the state of technology in use. [4] Pullayya's associate G. V. R. Seshagiri Rao pointed to him that a pregnant Sita running towards Valmiki would look awkward, and the scene was reshot. [3]

Music

Telugu version

Soundtrack was composed by Ghantasala and lyrics by Vempati Sadasivabrahmam, Samudrala Sr. and Kosaraju. [6]

All the tunes for all the songs for both languages are the same. The film has 37 songs and poems (padyams), many are very popular and memorable.

Track list
No.TitleLyricsSinger(s)Length
1."Sri Vidyam Jagatam Dhatri (Shlokam)"Vempati Sadasiva Ghantasala 01:14
2."Saptashva Rathamarudham Prachandam Kashyapatmajam (Shlokam)" Ghantasala Venkateswara Rao01:29
3."Navajyotyo (Poem)"  Ghantasala 01:06
4."Intaku Bunivachchi Vachiyimpaka Podune"Vempati SadasivaGhantasala Venkateswara Rao01:21
5."Jaya Jaya Rama Srirama" Samudrala Sr. J. V. Raghavulu, Sarojini01:18
6."Ramanna Ramudu Kodanda Ramudu"Samudrala Sr. P. Susheela, K. Rani04:15
7."Virise Challani Vennela Marala Eenadu Maa Kannula"Samudrala Sr.S. Janaki02:50
8."Ravanu Ni Samharinchi Raghuramudu (Poem)"Samudrala Sr.Ghantasala Venkateswara Rao01:21
9."Vollanori Maamaa Nee Pillani" Ghantasala Venkateswara Rao, Jikki, J. V. Raghavulu, Swarnalata03:37
10."Ye Mahaniya Sadhvi Jagadeka Pavitrata (Poem)" Ghantasala Venkateswara Rao01:10
11."Ye Nimishaniki Yemi Jaruguno Evaruuhinchedaru"KosarajuGhantasala Venkateswara Rao04:00
12."Jagadabhi Ramudu Sriraamude"Samudrala Sr.Ghantasala Venkateswara Rao, P. Leela, P. Susheela, Mallik03:51
13."Enduke Naa Meeda Kopam Emite Ni Paritaapam"  Pithapuram Nageswara Rao, Swarnalata02:40
14."Ramakathanu Vinarayyaa Ihapara Sukhamulanosage"Samudrala Sr.P. Leela, P Susheela04:28
15."Vurake Kanniru Nimpa Kaaranam Eemamma"Samudrala Sr.P. Leela, P. Susheela03:00
16."Vinudu Vinudu Ramayana Gaatha Vinudee Manasara"Samudrala Sr.P. Leela, p susheela04:14
17."Sriraamuni Charitamunu Telipedamamma"Samudrala Sr.P. Leela, P Susheela05:35
18."Sriraghavam Dasharathatmajam Aprameyam" P. Leela, P Susheela04:07
19."Srirama Sugunadhama Jayarama Parandhama"Vempati SadasivaP. Leela, P. Susheela03:01
20."Sandehinchaku Mammu Raghuramu Premanu Sitamma"KosarajuGhantasala Venkateswara Rao03:07
21."Ashwamedha Yagaaniki Jayamu Jayamu Jayamu"Samudrala Sr.Ghantasala Venkateswara Rao, Madhavapeddi, Raghavulu, Rani, Sarojini03:24
22."Savanaashwambu idi Veeramaata yagu Kausalya (Poem)"Samudrala Sr.P. Susheela01:15
23."Hreemkaraasana (Poem)" P. Susheela01:33
24."Leru Kushalavula Saati Sari Veerulu Dharunilo"Vempati SadasivaP. Leela, P Susheela02:33
25."Stree Balavrudhula Tega"Samudrala Sr.Ghantasala, P. Leela, Susheela01:18
26."Sriraama Parandhamaa Jayarama Parandhama"Samudrala Sr. P. Leela, K. Jamuna Rani, P Susheela02:25
27."Thandri Pampunanegi"Samudrala Sr.Ghantasala, P. Leela, P Susheela02:36
28."Takkani Balakundani"Samudrala Sr. P. Leela 00:40 or 02:36
29."Rangaru Bangaru"Samudrala Sr.Ghantasala01:41
30."Veyara Debba"Samudrala Sr.Ghantasala & Jikki 03:17
31."Ramaswamy Padambujambulambu" P. Susheela05:59
32."Raajada Rajadharmamada Ramudu" S. Varalakshmi01:28
33."Prathi Dinamenu" Ghantasala01:24
34."Ninu Dattadriki Cherakunda" P. Leela01:31
35."Kannularaga Tudisari" P. Susheela01:02
36."Kadagine Manokkaya" P. Susheela00:57
37."Edhi Mana Ashramambu" Ghantasala01:35
38."Aapavaada Dooshi" P. Susheela01:54

Tamil version

Soundtrack was composed by K. V. Mahadevan and Ghantasala and lyrics by A. Maruthakasi. [7]

Track list
No.TitleLyricsSinger(s)Length
1."Sri Vidyam Jagatam Dhatri (Shlokam)"A. Maruthakasi Ghantasala 01:14
2."Saptashva Rathamarudham Prachandam Kashyapatmajam (Shlokam)"A. Maruthakasi Ghantasala  
3."Navajyotyo (Poem)"A. Maruthakasi Ghantasala 01:06
4."Intaku Bunivachchi Vachiyimpaka Podune"Vempati SadasivaGhantasala Venkateswara Rao 
5."Jaya Jaya Raamaa Sree Raama"A. Maruthakasi J. V. Raghavulu & Udutha Sarojini01:18
6."Ramanna Ramudu Kodanda Ramudu"A. Maruthakasi P. Susheela, K. Jamuna Rani  
7."Udhayam Aaanadhe Vennilaa"A. Maruthakasi S. Janaki 02:18
8."Ilangaiyar Kon Thanai Azhitthu"A. Maruthakasi Ghantasala 01:21
9."Vollanori Maamaa Nee Pillani" Ghantasala Venkateswara Rao, Jikki, J. V. Raghavulu, Swarnalata03:37
10."Ye Mahaniya Sadhvi Jagadeka Pavitrata (Poem)" Ghantasala Venkateswara Rao01:10
11."Indrum Illai Andrum Illai Endrume Illai"A. Maruthakasi T. M. Soundararajan 04:00
12."Thiruvalar Naayagan Sree Raamane"A. Maruthakasi Ghantasala, P. Leela, P. Suseela & K. Rani 03:01
13."Thappu Thappunu Thuniyai Thuvaichu"A. Maruthakasi Thiruchi Loganathan & L. R. Eswari 03:17
14."Jagam Pugazhum Punniya Kadhai 1"A. Maruthakasi P. Leela & P. Suseela 03:50
15."Maari Pol Kanneer Sindha"A. Maruthakasi P. Leela & P. Suseela 01:52
16."Jagam Pugazhum Punniya Kadhai 2"A. Maruthakasi P. Leela & P. Suseela 03:15
17."Jagam Pugazhum Punniya Kadhai 3"A. Maruthakasi P. Leela & P. Suseela 05:35
18."Sreeraghavam Dasharathathmajam Aprameyam"  P. Leela & P. Suseela 04:07
19."Raama Suguna Seelaa"A. Maruthakasi P. Leela & P. Suseela 03:01
20."Sandhegam Ennamma"A. Maruthakasi Ghantasala 03:07
21."Vetri Murasu Olikka Seiyyum Aswamedha Yaagaam"A. Maruthakasi V. N. Sundharam & K. Rani 03:24
22."Veera Maadhaa Kausalyaa Dhevi Petra"A. Maruthakasi P. Suseela 01:15
23."Hreemkaraasana (Poem)" P. Susheela01:33
24."Eedu Inai Namakku Edhu Indha Boomiyil"A. Maruthakasi P. Leela & P. Suseela 02:33
25."Stree Balavrudhula Tega"A. MaruthakasiGhantasala, P. Susheela, P. Leela 
26."Sriraama Parandhamaa Jayarama Parandhama"A. Maruthakasi A. P. Komala, K. Rani & J. V. Raghavulu 02:25
27."Thandri Pampunanegi"A. MaruthakasiGhantasala, P. Susheela, P. Leela02:36
28."Takkani Balakundani"A. MaruthakasiP. Leela00:40
29."Ponggum Olimayame"A. Maruthakasi Seerkazhi Govindarajan 01:41 or 03:01
30."Thappu Thappunu Thuniyai Thuvaichu"A. Maruthakasi Thiruchi Loganathan & L. R. Eswari 03:17
31."Ramaswamy Padambujambulambu" P. Susheela05:59
32."Raajada Rajadharmamada Ramudu" S. Varalakshmi01:28
33."Prathi Dinamenu" Ghantasala01:24
34."Ninu Dattadriki Cherakunda" P. Leela01:31
35."Kannularaga Tudisari" P. Susheela01:02
36."Kadagine Manokkaya" P. Susheela00:57
37."Edhi Mana Ashramambu" Ghantasala01:35
38."Aapavaada Dooshi" P. Susheela01:54

Reception

Box office

The film ran for 75 weeks uninterruptedly which is an unbroken record in Telugu cinema. [8] [9] It was released in 26 centres and had a 100-day run in all the centers, which was a record and ran 150 days in all those centers and 175-day run in 18 centres. Due to the huge demand for the film from other centres in Andhra Pradesh, most prints had to be shifted to other centres. It had run for 100 days in 62 centres and 175-day run in 18 centres, grossing more than 1 crore. [10] It ran over 1111 days [11]

Accolades

Legacy

Lava Kusa is considered a classic of Telugu cinema. In January 2007, M. L. Narasimham of The Hindu listed Lava Kusa with Mala Pilla (1938), Raithu Bidda (1939), Vara Vikrayam (1939), Bhakta Potana (1942), Shavukaru (1950), Malliswari (1951), Peddamanushulu (1954), and Mayabazar (1955) as films impacting society and Telugu cinema. [14] Rama Rao reprised the role of Rama in a number of films over a two-decade career. [lower-alpha 1]

During a programme Telugu Cinema Prasthanam organised by the film society of Visakhapatnam, writer include actor Ravi Kondala Rao placed Lava Kusa among other cult films like Raja Harishchandra (1913), Bhakta Prahlada (1932), Mala Pilla (1938), Devadasu (1953), and Pathala Bhairavi during a speech on the role of Telugu cinema in the hundred years of Indian cinema. [15] Bapu used Lava Kusa's storyline in his 2011 film, Sri Rama Rajyam . [16] Debutant Jaya Sreesivan named his 2015 comedy film as Lava Kusa which had no similarity with the film. [17]

Notes

  1. ↑ Rama Rao reprised the role of Rama in various unrelated films such as Sampoorna Ramayanam (1958), Sri Ramanjaneya Yuddham (1975) and Sri Rama Pattabhishekam (1978) [8]

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References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Kavirayani, Suresh (18 April 2013). "Celebrating 50 years of Lava Kusa". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 14 January 2017. Retrieved 14 January 2017.
  2. ↑ "லவகுசா [முழுநீள கேவாகலர்]" [Lavakusa [Gevacolor Feature]] (songbook) (in Tamil). Lalitha Sivajothi Films. Archived from the original on 7 April 2017. Retrieved 19 October 2016. Alt URL
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Narasimham, M. L. (13 January 2017). "Lava Kusa (1963)". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 18 January 2017. Retrieved 18 January 2017.
  4. 1 2 3 Bhaskar, B. V. S. (5 April 2016). "'Lava-Kusa' bemoan fall in values". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 14 January 2017. Retrieved 14 January 2017.
  5. 1 2 Subramanyam, M. V. (17 March 2005). "'Kathula' Kantha Rao on the mark". The Hindu . Archived from the original on 17 May 2017. Retrieved 25 January 2017.
  6. ↑ "Lava Kusa by Ghantasala — Telugu". Saregama. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  7. ↑ "Lava Kusa Tamil". Saregama. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  8. 1 2 "Telugu cinema celebrity — Nandamuri Taraka Rama Rao". Idlebrain. Archived from the original on 14 April 2016. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  9. ↑ "Telugu Cinema News – Telugu Movie Reviews – Telugu Movie Trailers – IndiaGlitz Telugu". IndiaGlitz.com. Archived from the original on 7 April 2017.
  10. ↑ "celebrating 50 years of LavaKusa". The Times of India . 15 January 2017.
  11. ↑ https://nataratnakalamandir.files.wordpress.com/2015/01/lava-kusa-1963-ntr-anjali-devi-telugucinemasongs-lyrics-copy.jpg [ bare URL image file ]
  12. ↑ "11th National Film Awards". International Film Festival of India. Archived from the original on 2 May 2017. Retrieved 13 September 2011.
  13. ↑ Ramachandran, T.M. (1973). Film world. Vol. 9.
  14. ↑ Narasimham, M. L. (19 January 2007). "Reliving the reel and the real". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 4 February 2015. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  15. ↑ "Call to promote good cinema". The Hindu. 2 January 2013. Archived from the original on 28 May 2015. Retrieved 28 May 2015.
  16. ↑ "Bapu's Lava Kusa with Balakrishna". Sify . Archived from the original on 12 June 2015. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  17. ↑ "Lava Kusa Telugu Movie Review". 123 Telugu. 13 June 2015. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
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