| History | |
|---|---|
 Great Britain | |
| Name | Leander |
| Builder | Thames |
| Launched | 1799 |
| Captured | January 1801 |
| General characteristics | |
| Tons burthen | 429, [1] or 439 [2] (bm) |
| Complement | 45 [1] |
| Armament |
|
Leander was launched on the Thames in 1799. She was captured in 1801 after she had delivered the captives she had gathered on her first voyage as a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people.
Leander entered Lloyd's List (LR) in 1799 with Anderson, master, Huggins, owner, and trade London–Africa. [2]
| Year | Master | Owner | Trade | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1800 | Anderson | Ewing Hugham | London–Africa | Register of Shipping |
Captain Charles Anderson acquired a letter of marque on 3 December 1799. [1] Captain Christopher Anderson sailed from London on 21 January 1800. Leander acquired her captives at Bonny Island. Leander arrived at Kingston on 10 October with 361 captives. She sailed from Kingston on 29 November. [3]
While she was on her voyage her ownership and intended trade changed.
| Year | Master | Owner | Trade | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1801 | Anderson C.Brown | T.Huggan T.Campbell | London–Africa London–Grenada | LR |
On 17 January 1801 a privateer of 22 guns and 160 men captured Leander, Anderson, master, as she was on her way from Jamaica back to London. [4]
French sources reported that the French privateer Mon Oncle Thomas, of Rochelle, fitted out by Citizen Segaray, had captured the British West Indiaman Leander, of 600 tons and twenty-six 18-pounder carronades, after an action in which the British captain was wounded. Leander was carrying a cargo of coffee, sugar, and indigo, and had an estimated value of Fr.1.5mn. Mon Oncle Thomas brought Leander into Bordeaux. [5]
The entry for Leander in the 1801 volume of LR bears the annotation "Captured". [6]
In 1801, 23 British slave ships were lost; according to the source for this data, none were lost on the way home. [7] However, it was not always clear that a vessel lost on her way back to Britain from the West Indies was a Guineaman that had disembarked her captives. During the period 1793 to 1807, war, rather than maritime hazards or resistance by the captives, was the greatest cause of vessel losses among British slave vessels. [8]
Tobago was a ship launched in 1790. She came into British hands in 1793 and was probably a prize taken immediately after the outbreak of the French Revolutionary Wars in early 1793. She traded with Tobago for several years before new owners purchased her for whaling. She made two whaling voyages to the East Coast of Africa before her owners sold her to new owners. She then made two voyages as a slave ship. She was abandoned or condemned in 1802 after having delivered her captives on her second such voyage.
Britannia, was a vessel launched in 1788 at New Brunswick. In 1795–1796, she made one complete voyage as a slave ship in the triangular trade, taking enslaved people from West Africa to Jamaica. A French privteer captured her in 1797 in a notable single ship action as Britannia was on the outward leg of her second voyage. Her captor took her to Nantes.
HMS Duguay-Trouin was an 18-gun French privateer sloop launched in 1779 at Le Havre. Surprise captured her in 1780 and the British Royal Navy took her into service under her existing name. It sold Duguay-Trouin on 30 October 1783. She then became the West Indiaman Christopher. She captured several French merchant vessels. Later she became a slave ship, making five voyages in the triangular trade in enslaved people. She was lost at Charleston in September 1804 in a hurricane.
Duke of Bronte was launched in 1793 in India, under another name. She was renamed in 1800 in London. She then made two voyages as a slaver in the triangular trade in enslaved people before a French privateer captured her in 1804.
Barton was launched in Bermuda, probably in 1799, and built of Bermuda cedar. She first appears in registers under the Barton name in 1801 as a slave ship. The French captured her in 1803 before she had delivered the slaves she had purchased for her second voyage. She returned to British ownership but her whereabouts between 1804 and 1810 are obscure. In 1811, she was again captured by a French privateer, which however gave her up. She grounded on 27 April 1819 at the entrance to the Sierra Leone River and was wrecked.
Rosalind was launched in 1789 in Spain and taken in prize in 1799. She made three voyages as a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people. A French privateer captured her in 1804 while she was on her fourth slave trading voyages.
Sarah was launched at Liverpool in 1797. She then made six voyages as a slave ship in the triangular trade carrying enslaved people from West Africa to the West Indies. A French privateer captured Sarah in 1804 in a single-ship action on her seventh voyage after Sarah had gathered her slaves but before she could deliver them to the West Indies.
Sarah was launched in Spain in 1791, presumably under another name. The British captured her c.1798. She made five voyages as a Liverpool-based slave ship before a Spanish privateer captured her in 1805. On her fifth voyage Sarah had captured two French slave ships at Loango.
Horatio was launched in 1800 at Liverpool. She made four voyages as a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people. During two of these voyages she was captured and recaptured. Shortly before the British slave trade ended she left the slave trade and sailed between Britain and South America and as a West Indiaman. She was wrecked in 1817.
Defiance was launched in Hamburg in 1790, probably under another name. She started sailing as a slave ship out of London in 1795. Between 1795 and 1800 she made three voyages in the triangular trade in enslaved people. She then left that trade but a French privateer captured her late in 1800.
Adventure was a vessel built in France that the British captured c.1799. New owners immediately sailed her as a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people. She then made a voyage as West Indiaman during which a French privateer captured her, but the British Royal Navy quickly recaptured her. She then made a second slave trading voyage. Thereafter she became a general trade, trading primarily with the Baltic. She was wrecked in October 1814. Although she was refloated and taken into Copenhagen, she disappeared from subsequent ship arrival and departure data.
Vulture was built in France 1777 and captured. By early 1779 she was sailing as a privateer out of Liverpool. She then became a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people. She made 10 voyages as slaver and was captured in 1795 on her 11th such voyage.
Dispatch was built in Bermuda in 1784 and came to England possibly as early as 1786. In 1792 she made a voyage as a slave ship carrying slaves from Africa to the West Indies in the triangular trade in enslaved people. She was then briefly a privateer before returning to the slave trade. The French captured her in 1795 while she was on her third slave trading voyage.
Mentor was a Spanish prize captured in 1799. She made one voyage as a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people. She foundered on her way back to Liverpool after delivering her captives.
John was launched at Newnham in 1779, possibly under another name. Between 1786 and 1798 she traded as a West Indiaman. Then she made three voyages as a slave ship, being captured on her third as she was delivering slaves to the West Indies.
Venus was a British schooner of uncertain origin. She made one complete voyage in 1802–1803 as a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people. A French privateer on a highly successful cruise, captured Venus in 1804 on her second slave voyage and took her into Cayenne. There the slaves she carried were sold for what was reported to be good prices.
Lapwing was launched at Bristol in 1794, and lengthened in 1797. She was a West Indiaman until in 1801 she became a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people. However, on her first slave trading voyage a Spanish privateer captured her. Although the Spanish authorities ordered her restitution to her owners, it is not clear that the order was anything but moot.
Mon Oncle Thomas was a three-masted privateer from La Rochelle. She was possibly the former Spanish Rosa, of 300 to 350 tonnes, captured in 1793. From at least 1799 on she made four cruises as a privateer. She participated in the short-lived recapture of the island of Gorée from the British. She made several highly profitable captures and engaged in at least one successful single-ship action. The British Royal Navy captured her in late 1804.
Accomplished Quaker was a French vessel that the British captured circa 1795. She first appeared in Lloyd's Register (LR) in the volume for 1795.
Ponsonby was launched in 1796 at Liverpool. She initially traded between Liverpool and Dublin, and then between 1801 and 1804 disappeared from Lloyd's Register. She returned to the register in 1805 as she sailed as a privateer for two or so months, capturing two vessels. She then became a slave ship in the triangular trade on enslaved people. The French Navy captured her in late 1804 or early 1805 before she could embark any slaves.