The Action Party was a liberal-socialist political party in Italy. The party was anti-fascist and republican. Its prominent leaders were Carlo Rosselli, Ferruccio Parri, Emilio Lussu and Ugo La Malfa. Other prominent members included Leone Ginzburg, Ernesto de Martino, Norberto Bobbio, Riccardo Lombardi, Vittorio Foa and the Nobel-winning poet Eugenio Montale.
Italy competed at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin, Germany. 244 competitors, 228 men and 16 women, took part in 99 events in 17 sports.
Italy competed at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London, England. 215 competitors, 195 men and 20 women, took part in 89 events in 16 sports.