| Livius | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Amaurobiidae |
| Genus: | Livius |
| Species: | L. macrospinus |
| Binomial name | |
| Livius macrospinus Roth, 1967 [1] | |
Livius is a genus of South American tangled nest spiders containing the single species, Livius macrospinus. It was first described by V. D. Roth in 1967, [2] and has only been found in Chile. [1]
The Araneomorphae are an infraorder of spiders. They are distinguishable by chelicerae (fangs) that point diagonally forward and cross in a pinching action, in contrast to the Mygalomorphae, where they point straight down. Araneomorphs comprise the vast majority of living spiders.
Crevice weaver spiders (Filistatidae) comprise cribellate spiders with features that have been regarded as "primitive" for araneomorph spiders. They are weavers of funnel or tube webs. The family contains 18 genera and more than 120 described species worldwide.
Amaurobiidae is a family of three-clawed cribellate or ecribellate spiders found in crevices and hollows or under stones where they build retreats, and are often collected in pitfall traps. Unlidded burrows are sometimes quite obvious in crusty, loamy soil. They are difficult to distinguish from related spiders in other families, especially Agelenidae, Desidae and Amphinectidae. Their intra- and interfamilial relationships are contentious. According to the World Spider Catalog, 2023, the family Amaurobiidae includes 286 species in 50 genera.
Dictynidae is a family of cribellate, hackled band-producing spiders first described by Octavius Pickard-Cambridge in 1871. Most build irregular webs on or near the ground, creating a tangle of silken fibers among several branches or stems of one plant.
Dwarf sheet spiders (Hahniidae) is a family of araneomorph spiders, first described by Philipp Bertkau in 1878. Their bodies are about 2 millimetres (0.079 in) long, and they build extremely delicate webs in the form of a sheet. Unlike many spiders the web does not lead to a retreat. The silk used in these webs is so fine that they are difficult to spot unless they are coated with dew. They greatly favor locations near water or near moss, and are often found in leaf litter and detritus or on the leaves of shrubs and trees.
Cybaeidae is a family of spiders first described by Nathan Banks in 1892. The diving bell spider or water spider Argyroneta aquatica was previously included in this family, but is now in the family Dictynidae.
Symposia is a genus of South American araneomorph spiders in the family Cybaeidae, and was first described by Eugène Simon in 1898.
Zygoballus is a genus of jumping spiders found in North and South America.
Neoapachella is a monotypic genus of North American mygalomorph trapdoor spiders in the family Euctenizidae containing the single species, Neoapachella rothi. It was first described by Jason Bond & B. D. Opell in 2002, and has only been found in Arizona and New Mexico. They are small to medium-sized spiders, reaching about 20.7 mm (0.81 in) in body length. It is named in honor of the Apaches as well as arachnologist Vincent D. Roth.
Rubrius is a genus of South American tangled nest spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1887.
Urepus is a genus of South American tangled nest spiders containing the single species, Urepus rossi. It was first described by V. D. Roth in 1967, and has only been found in Peru.
Virgilus is a genus of South American tangled nest spiders containing the single species, Virgilus normalis. It was first described by V. D. Roth in 1967, and has only been found in Ecuador.
Neotegenaria is a genus of South American funnel weavers containing the single species, Neotegenaria agelenoides. It was first described by V. D. Roth in 1967, and has only been found in Guyana.
Olbus is a genus of South American corinnid sac spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1880 as a huntsman spider. It was moved to the sac spider family in 1988, then to the Corinnidae in 2001.
Mizaga is a genus of West African cribellate araneomorph spiders in the family Dictynidae, and was first described by Eugène Simon in 1898. As of May 2019 it contains only two species, both found in Senegal: M. chevreuxi and M. racovitzai. Originally placed with the funnel weavers, it was moved to Dictynidae in 1967.
Yorima is a genus of araneomorph spiders in the family Cybaeidae and was first described by R. V. Chamberlin & Wilton Ivie in 1942. Originally placed in the funnel weaver family, it was moved to the Dictynidae in 1967, and to the Cybaeidae in 2017.
Lizarba is a monotypic genus of South American dwarf sheet spiders containing the single species, Lizarba separata. It was first described by V. D. Roth in 1967, and has only been found in Brazil.
Neocryphoeca is a genus of North American araneomorph spiders in the family Cybaeidae, and was first described by V. D. Roth in 1970. As of May 2019 it contains only two species, both found in the United States: N. beattyi and N. gertschi. Originally placed with the funnel weavers, it was moved to the Cybaeidae in 1983.
Willisus is a monotypic genus of North American araneomorph spiders in the family Cybaeidae containing the single species, Willisus gertschi. It was first described by V. D. Roth in 1981, and has only been found in United States.
Naevius is a genus of South American tangled nest spiders first described by V. D. Roth in 1967.