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Ludovico Fieschi (died 3 April 1423) was a cardinal during the Western Schism.
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Ludovico Fieschi (died 3 April 1423) was a cardinal during the Western Schism.
Fieschi came from Genoa, from the family of the counts of Lavagna, a family from which the 13th-century Pope Adrian V and some other cardinals came. On 29 March 1382, he was elected bishop of Vercelli. On 17 December 1384 "Roman" pope Urban VI appointed him cardinal deacon of the church of San Adriano. In July 1385 he released Urban VI from the siege of Nocera. In 1388 he became vicar general of the papal territories. He participated in the conclave of 1389. Fieschi served as the legate of Pope Boniface IX in Genoa and Campania. Around 1403/04, however, he began to distance himself from this pope, which was related to the change of direction of his homeland, Genoa. When Boniface died, Fieschi urged "Roman" Cardinals not to elect a successor and to recognise Benedict XIII of Avignon as Pope (or, at least, to wait for his death and then elect the new pope together with his adherents. Therefore, he did not attend the Conclave of 1404 and did not recognise Innocent VII as the new pope. In October 1404 he officially recognised Benedict XIII. Benedict received him at Avignon on 11 May 1405 and confirmed his position. Benedict appointed him as administrator of the diocese of Carpentras per 31 October 1406. He did not attend the Council of Pisa (1409), but recognised Pope Alexander V, thus leaving the Avignon obedience. Alexander V appointed him vicar in Forli. He served as the legate of Alexander's successor John XXIII in Bologna and Ferrara. Administrator of the Sabbath diocese of Sabina from June to September 1412. He participated in the Council of Constance that ended the schism in 1417. He was legate of Pope Martin V in Sicily from 1420 and 1421. He died in Rome, but his remains were resting in Genoa Cathedral.
Baldassarre Cossa was Pisan antipope John XXIII (1410–1415) during the Western Schism. The Catholic Church regards him as an antipope, as he opposed Pope Gregory XII whom the Catholic Church now recognizes as the rightful successor of Saint Peter.
Pope Gregory XII, born Angelo Corraro, Corario, or Correr, was the Roman claimant to the headship of the Catholic Church from 30 November 1406 to 4 July 1415. Reigning during the Western Schism, he was opposed by the Avignon pope Benedict XIII and the Pisan popes Alexander V and John XXIII. Gregory XII was forced to abdicate in 1415 to end the Schism.
Pope Innocent VII, born Cosimo de' Migliorati, was the Roman claimant to the headship of the Catholic Church from 17 October 1404 to his death. He was pope during the period of the Western Schism (1378–1417), and was opposed by Benedict XIII at Avignon. Despite good intentions, he did little to end the schism, owing to the troubled state of affairs in Rome, and his distrust of the sincerity of Benedict XIII, and King Ladislaus of Naples.
The Avignon Papacy, also known as the Babylonian Captivity, was the period from 1309 to 1376 during which seven successive popes resided in Avignon rather than in Rome. The situation arose from the conflict between the papacy and the French crown, culminating in the death of Pope Boniface VIII after his arrest and maltreatment by Philip IV of France. Following the further death of Pope Benedict XI, Philip forced a deadlocked conclave to elect the French Clement V as pope in 1305. Clement refused to move to Rome, and in 1309 he moved his court to the papal enclave at Avignon, where it remained for the next 67 years. This absence from Rome is sometimes referred to as the "Babylonian captivity of the Papacy".
The Western Schism, also called Papal Schism, Great Occidental Schism and Schism of 1378, was a split within the Catholic Church lasting from 1378 to 1417 in which two men simultaneously claimed to be the true pope, and each excommunicated the other. Driven by personalities and political allegiances rather than theology, the schism was ended by the Council of Constance (1414–1418). For a time these rival claims to the papal throne damaged the reputation of the office.
The Archdiocese of Genoa is a metropolitan see of the Catholic Church in Italy. Erected in the 3rd century, it was elevated to an archdiocese on 20 March 1133. The archdiocese of Genoa was, in 1986, united with the diocese of Bobbio-San Colombano, forming the Archdiocese of Genoa-Bobbio; however a split in 1989 returned it to the Archdiocese of Genoa.
Pedro Martínez de Luna y Pérez de Gotor, known as el Papa Luna in Spanish and Pope Luna in English, was an Aragonese nobleman, who as Benedict XIII, is considered an antipope by the Catholic Church.
Angelo II Acciaioli was an Italian Catholic cardinal.
Guy de Malsec was a French bishop and cardinal. He was born at the family's fief at Malsec (Maillesec), in the diocese of Tulle. He had two sisters, Berauda and Agnes, who both became nuns at the Monastery of Pruliano (Pruilly) in the diocese of Carcassone, and two nieces Heliota and Florence, who became nuns at the Monastery of S. Prassede in Avignon. He was a nephew of Pope Gregory XI, or perhaps a more distant relative. He was also a nephew of Pope Innocent VI. Guy was baptized in the church of S. Privatus, some 30 km southeast of Tulle. He played a part in the election of Benedict XIII of the Avignon Obedience in 1394, in his status as second most senior cardinal. He played an even more prominent role in Benedict's repudiation and deposition. Guy de Malsec was sometimes referred to as the 'Cardinal of Poitiers' (Pictavensis) or the 'Cardinal of Palestrina' (Penestrinus).
Jean-Allarmet de Brogny was a French Cardinal.
Carpentras was a diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in the Provence region, from the later Roman Empire until 1801. It was part of the ecclesiastical province under the Metropolitan, the Archbishop of Arles. The bishop was a major figure in the Comtat Venaissin, and a member of the Estates of the Comtat. He was a direct appointee of the pope.
The 1404 papal conclave – the papal conclave of the time of the Great Western Schism, convened after the death of Pope Boniface IX, it elected Cardinal Cosimo Gentile Migliorati, who under the name of Innocent VII became the third pope of the Roman Obedience.
Rinaldo Brancaccio was an Italian cardinal from the 14th and 15th century, during the Western Schism. There were other members of his family created cardinals : Landolfo Brancaccio (1294); Niccolò Brancaccio, pseudocardinal of Antipope Clement VII (1378); Ludovico Bonito (1408); Tommaso Brancaccio (1411); Francesco Maria Brancaccio (1633) and Stefano Brancaccio (1681). He was called the Cardinal Brancaccio.
Peter of Candia or Peter Phillarges as Alexander V was a pope elected by the Council of Pisa during the Western Schism (1378–1417). He reigned briefly from June 26, 1409 to his death in 1410, in opposition to the Roman pope Gregory XII and the Avignon pope Benedict XIII. In the 20th century, the Catholic Church reinterpreted the Western Schism by recognizing the Roman popes as legitimate. Gregory XII's reign was extended to 1415, and Alexander V is now regarded as an antipope.
Domenec Ram y Lanaja was a Catalan politician and diplomat who was Viceroy of Sicily in 1415–1419, succeeding Prince John of Aragon, later King John II of Aragon.
Philippe II of Alençon was a French cardinal who was a member of the Valois Dynasty. He was the second son of Count Charles II of Alençon, who was killed in the Battle of Crécy, and of Maria de La Cerda y de Lara. He was the younger brother of Count Charles III of Alençon.
The Council of Pisa was a controversial ecumenical council of the Catholic Church held in 1409. It attempted to end the Western Schism by deposing Benedict XIII (Avignon) and Gregory XII (Rome) for schism and manifest heresy. The College of Cardinals, composed of members of both the Avignon Obedience and the Roman Obedience, who were recognized by each other and by the Council, then elected a third papal claimant, Alexander V, who lived only a few months. He was succeeded by John XXIII.
Amedeo di Saluzzo was a cardinal during the Western Schism. He was born as the second son of Frederick II, Marquess of Saluzzo and Beatrice of Geneva. He was nephew of Avignon Pope Clement VII on his mother's side. Saluzzo was appointed as Bishop of Valence and Die at 4 November 1383. In less than two months he was elevated as a cardinal-nephew by Clement VII, becoming Cardinal-Deacon of Santa Maria Nuova. In 1403 he was appointed as Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals. He abandoned Antipope Benedict XIII after having been deposed by him on 21 October 1408. Then Saluzzo participated in the Council of Pisa, which elected Alexander V as pope. He also campaigned for the Council of Constance, and there, he attended the conclave of Pope Martin V. After the end of the Western Schism, Saluzzo kept his position as Camerlengo until his death in 1419.
Landolfo Brancaccio was a Neapolitan aristocrat, friend of King Charles II of Naples, and Roman Catholic Cardinal.
Pierre de Thury was a French bishop and cardinal of the Avignon Obedience, who served as a royal secretary and Master of Requests, and then as papal Nuncio and Apostolic Legate on several occasions. He participated in two papal elections, those of 1394 and 1409, and was a prominent member of the Council of Pisa in 1409.
