Operational risk is "the risk of a change in value caused by the fact that actual losses, incurred for inadequate or failed internal processes, people and systems, or from external events, differ from the expected losses". This definition, adopted by the European Solvency II Directive for insurers, is a variation from that adopted in the Basel II regulations for banks. In October 2014, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision proposed a revision to its operational risk capital framework that sets out a new standardized approach to replace the basic indicator approach and the standardized approach for calculating operational risk capital.
Catastrophe modeling is the process of using computer-assisted calculations to estimate the losses that could be sustained due to a catastrophic event such as a hurricane or earthquake. Cat modeling is especially applicable to analyzing risks in the insurance industry and is at the confluence of actuarial science, engineering, meteorology, and seismology.
Healthcare in Switzerland is universal and is regulated by the Swiss Federal Law on Health Insurance. There are no free state-provided health services, but private health insurance is compulsory for all persons residing in Switzerland.
The Dai-ichi Life Insurance Company, Limited, or Dai-ichi Life for short, is the third-largest life insurer in Japan by revenue, behind Japan Post Insurance and Nippon Life.
In finance, mainly for financial services firms, economic capital is the amount of risk capital, assessed on a realistic basis, which a firm requires to cover the risks that it is running or collecting as a going concern, such as market risk, credit risk, legal risk, and operational risk. It is the amount of money which is needed to secure survival in a worst-case scenario. Firms and financial services regulators should then aim to hold risk capital of an amount equal at least to economic capital.
The New India Assurance Co. Ltd., based in Mumbai, Maharashtra is a public sector general insurance company of India. "It is the largest general insurance company of India on the basis of gross premium collection inclusive of foreign operations". It was founded by Sir Dorabji Tata in 1919, and was nationalized in 1973.
An insurance commissioner is a public official in the executive branch of a state or territory in the United States who, along with his or her office, regulate the insurance industry. The powers granted to the office of an insurance commissioner differ in each state. The office of an insurance commissioner is established either by the state constitution or by statute. While most insurance commissioners are appointed, in some jurisdictions they are elected. The office of the insurance commissioner may be part of a larger regulatory agency, or an autonomous department.
Risk magazine provides news and analysis covering the financial industry, with a particular focus on risk management, derivatives and complex finance. It includes articles and papers on credit risk, market risk, risk systems, swap option pricing, derivatives risk and pricing, regulation and asset management. Articles include news, features, comment, analysis and mathematical papers. Risk has a tradition of covers featuring pieces of abstract modern art.
In insurance, Deferred Acquisition Costs (DAC) is an asset on the balance sheet representing the deferral of the cost of acquiring new insurance contracts, thereby amortising the costs over their duration. Insurance companies face large upfront costs incurred in issuing new business, such as commissions to sales agents, underwriting, bonus interest and other acquisition expenses.
A solvency ratio measures the extent to which assets cover commitments for future payments, the liabilities.
The New Jersey Department of Banking and Insurance (DOBI) is one of 15 principal departments in New Jersey government. The department's mission is to regulate the banking, insurance and real estate industries in a professional and timely manner that protects and educates consumers and promotes the growth, financial stability and efficiency of these industries. The Commissioner of DOBI is Marlene Caride.
The Swiss Solvency Test (SST) is a risk based capital standard for insurance companies in Switzerland, in use since 2006. The SST was developed by the Swiss Federal Office of Private Insurance (FOPI) in cooperation with the Swiss insurance industry.
ROAM is an association at the service of mutual insurance companies for more that 150 years.
At the heart of the prudential Solvency II directive, the own risk and solvency assessment (ORSA) is defined as a set of processes constituting a tool for decision-making and strategic analysis. It aims to assess, in a continuous and prospective way, the overall solvency needs related to the specific risk profile of the insurance company. Risk Management and own risk and solvency assessment is a similar regulation that has been enacted in the US by the NAIC. Other jurisdictions are enacting similar regulations to comply with the Insurance Core Principle 16 enacted by the IAIS.
The Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI) is an autonomous, statutory body tasked with regulating and promoting the insurance and re-insurance industries in India. It was constituted by the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority Act, 1999, an Act of Parliament passed by the Government of India. The agency's headquarters are in Hyderabad, Telangana, where it moved from Delhi in 2001.
The Office of Insurance Commission (OIC) is the regulator of Thailand’s insurance industry has been regulated by the (OIC) which operates under the supervision of the Thai Minister of Finance. The OIC is empowered to regulate insurance companies, brokers and agents and was established under the Thailand Government Insurance Commission Act B.E. 2550 which summarized the role of the Commission ‘to supervise and promote insurance business conduct’. Prior to this insurance regulation occurred within the Department of Insurance, part of the Thai Ministry of Commerce.
Covéa is a French mutual insurance company that covers property, liability and reinsurance businesses headquartered in Paris. It was formed from the merger of three separate French mutual insurance companies Garantie Mutuelle des Fonctionnaires (GMF), Mutuelle d'assurance des artisans de France (MAAF) and Mutuelle du Mans Assurance (MMA).
A spens, Spens, spens clause, or Spens clause is a provision in a security which allows a borrower to repay the principal amount earlier than the contractual repayment date, on payment of a specified penalty, also referred to as a "make whole" payment, in excess of the principal of the security. In the case of a bond, this type of early repayment is often referred to as "calling the bond". A spens clause may also apply to a preference share that is redeemed on a winding up.
Maria Heep-Altiner is a German mathematician, actuary and university lecturer.
