Moreh

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"Givet Hamoreh" (Moreh hill) south of Mount Tabor Givatamore.jpg
"Givet Hamoreh" (Moreh hill) south of Mount Tabor

Moreh is the name of a location or a person mentioned several times in the Hebrew Bible.

Hebrew Bible Canonical collection of Hebrew scripture

The Hebrew Bible, which is also called the Tanakh or sometimes the Mikra, is the canonical collection of Hebrew scriptures. These texts are almost exclusively in Biblical Hebrew, except for some Biblical Aramaic passages in the books of Daniel and Ezra. The Hebrew Bible is also the textual source for the Christian Old Testament. The form of this text that is authoritative for Rabbinic Judaism is known as the Masoretic Text (MT) and it consists of 24 books, while the translations divide essentially the same material into 39 books for the Protestant Bible.

Contents

Giv'at ha-More (Hebrew: גבעת המורה; English also as Giv'at ha-Moreh, Givat HaMoreh etc.; in the Septuagint the hill's Hebrew name was transliterated into 3rd Century BCE Greek as Γαβααθ Αμωρα, "Gabaath Amora") or Jebel Dahi in Arabic, is a mountain range in northern Israel, located on the northeast side of the Jezreel Valley. The highest peak reaches an altitude of 515 metres, while the bottom of the Jezreel Valley is situated at an altitude of 50–100 metres. North of it are the plains of the Lower Galilee, out of which about 8 kilometers away appears the more isolated Mount Tabor. In easterly direction Giv'at ha-More connects to the Issachar Plateau. To the southeast Giv'at ha-More descends into the Harod Valley, where the Harod spring flows eastwards into the Jordan Valley.

Septuagint Greek translation of Hebrew scriptures

The Septuagint is the earliest extant Koine Greek translation of the Hebrew scriptures. It is estimated that the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, known as the Torah or Pentateuch, were translated in the mid-3rd century BCE and the remaining texts were translated in the 2nd century BCE. The Septuagint was the Koine Greek translation of the Hebrew Old Testament and was in wide use by the time of Jesus and Paul of Tarsus because most Jews could no longer read Hebrew. For this reason it is quoted more often than the Hebrew Old Testament in the New Testament, particularly in the Pauline epistles, by the Apostolic Fathers, and later by the Greek Church Fathers.

Greek language Language spoken in Greece, Cyprus and Southern Albania

Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece, Cyprus and other parts of the Eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea. It has the longest documented history of any living Indo-European language, spanning more than 3000 years of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the major part of its history; other systems, such as Linear B and the Cypriot syllabary, were used previously. The alphabet arose from the Phoenician script and was in turn the basis of the Latin, Cyrillic, Armenian, Coptic, Gothic, and many other writing systems.

Israel country in the Middle East

Israel, also known as the State of Israel, is a country in Western Asia, located on the southeastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea and the northern shore of the Red Sea. It has land borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria to the northeast, Jordan on the east, the Palestinian territories of the West Bank and Gaza Strip to the east and west, respectively, and Egypt to the southwest. The country contains geographically diverse features within its relatively small area. Israel's economic and technological center is Tel Aviv, while its seat of government and proclaimed capital is Jerusalem, although the state's sovereignty over Jerusalem has only partial recognition.

Arabs call this mountain Jebel Dahi after the Muslim shrine of Nabi Dahi (lit. Prophet Dahi) situated at its top, and holding the tomb of the 7th-century saint Nabi Dihyah Wahi al-Kalbi. [1]

In the 20th century, in the valley below the mountain, the city of Afula was developed as the main Jewish center of the region. Afula gradually expanded from the plains to the slopes of Giv'at ha-More. [1] During the War of Independence in 1948, the area was completely dominated by Israeli forces, but local Arab population was not displaced. On the slopes of the mountain there are several Arab villages, especially ad-Dahi and Nein.

Nein Place in Northern

Nein — also Nain or Naim in English — is an Arab village in northern Israel. Located in the Lower Galilee, 14 kilometers (8.7 mi) south of Nazareth, Nein covers a land area of approximately 1,000 dunums and falls under the jurisdiction of Bustan al-Marj Regional Council, whose headquarters it hosts. Its total land area consisted of 3,737 dunums prior to 1962. According to the Israeli Central Bureau of Statistics, in 2018 it had a population of 1,845.

On the central part of Giv'at ha-More there is a nature reserve, partly wooded thanks to the activities of the Jewish National Fund. The Nazareth Iris blooms here in spring. [1]

National parks and nature reserves of Israel Wikimedia list article

National parks of Israel are declared historic sites or nature reserves, which are mostly operated and maintained by the National Nature and Parks Authority. As of 2015, Israel maintains more than 400 nature reserves that protect 2,500 species of indigenous wild plants, 32 species of fish, 530 species of birds and 100 species of mammals.

Jewish National Fund voluntary association

Jewish National Fund was founded in 1901 to buy and develop land in Ottoman Palestine for Jewish settlement. The JNF is a non-profit organization. By 2007, it owned 13% of the total land in Israel. Since its inception, the JNF says it has planted over 240 million trees in Israel. It has also built 180 dams and reservoirs, developed 250,000 acres (1,000 km2) of land and established more than 1,000 parks.

<i>Iris bismarckiana</i> species of plant

Iris bismarckiana is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus of Iris and in the Oncocyclus section. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from the mountainsides of Israel, Lebanon, Jordan and Syria. It has stoloniferous, spreading rhizomes, long, sword shaped, bright green leaves, long slender stem and 1 flower in Spring. The large flower is pale yellow, creamy-white, or white background. Which is covered with reddish-brown, maroon brown, purple-brown, purple, blue-purple, or blue veins, markings or spots. It has a dark signal patch and dark purple to black beard. It is rarely cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions, as it needs very dry conditions during the summer.

Biblical site

The "hill of Moreh" is mentioned in the Hebrew Bible three times, in Genesis 12:6 , Deuteronomy 11:30 and Judges 7:1 .

The Hebrew phrase elon moreh [2] has been subject to various translations in English versions of the Bible. Translators who consider elon moreh to be the name of a locality, render it as "the plain(s) of Moreh", e.g. King James Version and the Geneva Bible, but translators who consider the term to refer to a sacred tree or grove often render it as "terebinth", referring to the pistacia palaestina tree which is notable for its size and age in dry landscapes of the region. For example, the New International Version translation of Genesis 12:6a reads:

"Abram traveled through the land as far as the site of the great tree of Moreh at Shechem"

and the New King James Version translates Deuteronomy 11:30 as:

"Are they (Mount Gerizim and Mount Ebal) not on the other side of the Jordan, toward the setting sun, in the land of the Canaanites who dwell in the plain opposite Gilgal, beside the terebinth trees of Moreh?"

"Moreh" is often understood to mean "teacher" or "oracle", referring to the owner of the tree or the land on which it grew.

Genesis 35:4:

"And they gave unto Jacob all the strange gods which [were] in their hand, and [all their] earrings which [were] in their ears; and Jacob hid them under the oak which [was] by Shechem."

A neutral reading discovers that the tree, oak or not, grew above buried idols and dedicated treasure, the Hebrews remembered, and they associated the burial of these things with the patriarchal age.

John Wesley noted that the plains of Moreh was one of the first places that Abram came to in Canaan, so when Moses sent the incoming Israelites to this place "to hear the blessing and the curse, they were minded of the promise made to Abram in that very place". [3]

The site of Moreh, a hill by which Gideon camped before he attacked the Midianites, is sometimes identified with modern Nabi Dahi, south of Mount Tabor, but this has not been confirmed on the ground.[ dubious ]

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Shechem biblical city

Shechem, also spelled Sichem, was a Canaanite city mentioned in the Amarna letters, and is mentioned in the Hebrew Bible as an Israelite city of the tribe of Manasseh and the first capital of the Kingdom of Israel. Traditionally associated with Nablus, it is now identified with the nearby site of Tell Balata in Balata al-Balad in the West Bank.

Afula Place in Israel

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Mount Nebo mountain in Jordan

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Mount Gilboa mountain range in northern Israel

Mount Gilboa, sometimes called the Mountains of Gelboe, in Arabic Jebel Faqqua, is a mountain range overlooking the Jezreel Valley in northern Israel to the north, and parts of the Tubas and Jenin Governorates of the Palestinian Autonomy to the south.

Jezreel Valley valley

The Jezreel Valley, in Arabic Marj Ibn Āmir, also known as the Valley of Megiddo, is a large fertile plain and inland valley in the Northern District of Israel. It is bordered to the north by the highlands of the Lower Galilee region, to the south by the Samarian highlands, to the west and northwest by the Mount Carmel range, and to the east by the Jordan Valley, with Mount Gilboa marking its southern extent. The largest settlement in the valley is the city of Afula, which lies near its center.

Mount Gerizim mountain in Judea and Samaria Area, Israel

Mount Gerizim is one of the two mountains in the immediate vicinity of the West Bank city of Nablus, and forms the southern side of the valley in which Nablus is situated, the northern side being formed by Mount Ebal. The mountain is one of the highest peaks in the West Bank and rises to 881 m (2,890 ft) above sea level, 70 m (230 ft) lower than Mount Ebal. In Samaritan tradition, Mount Gerizim is held to be the highest, oldest and most central mountain in the world. The mountain is particularly steep on the northern side, is sparsely covered at the top with shrubbery, and lower down there is a spring with a high yield of fresh water.

Mount Hor is the name given in the Old Testament to two distinct mountains. One borders the land of Edom in the area south of the Dead Sea, and the other is by the Mediterranean Sea at the Northern border of the Land of Israel. The first Mount Hor is especially significant to the Israelites as Aaron the high priest, brother of Moses, died there.

<i>Pistacia terebinthus</i> species of plant

Pistacia terebinthus, known commonly as terebinth and turpentine tree, is a species of Pistacia, native to Iran, and the Mediterranean region from the western regions of Morocco, and Portugal to Greece, western and southeast Turkey. At one time Pistacia palaestina, growing on the eastern shores of the Mediterranean Sea – Syria, Lebanon – was regarded as a separate species, but it is now considered to be a synonym of P. terebinthus.

Mount Ebal mountain in the immediate vicinity of the city of Nablus in the West Bank

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Biblical Mount Sinai Mount Sinai in bible

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Elon Moreh Israeli settlement in the West Bank

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Melchizedek Person in the Bible; King of Salem and priest of the Most High (Gen. 14)

Melchizedek, Melchisedech, Melkisetek, or Malki Tzedek, was the king of Salem and priest of El Elyon mentioned in the 14th chapter of the Book of Genesis. He brings out bread and wine and then blesses Abram and El Elyon.

Ein Harod kibbutz

Ein Harod was a kibbutz in Israel between 1921 and 1952, when it split into Ein Harod (Ihud) and Ein Harod (Meuhad). It was located in the north of the country near Mount Gilboa and was named after the nearby Well of Harod, Ein Harod in Hebrew.

Jezreel Valley railway

The Jezreel Valley railway, or the Valley Train is a railroad that existed in Ottoman and British Palestine, as well as a modern railway in Israel built in the 21st century. It runs from the Mediterranean coast inland along the length of the Jezreel Valley. The historical line was a segment of the longer Haifa–Dera'a Line, which was itself a branch of the larger Hejaz railway.

Givat Oz Place in Northern

Giv'at Oz is a kibbutz in northern Israel. Located in the Jezreel Valley between Umm al-Fahm and Afula, it falls under the jurisdiction of Megiddo Regional Council. In 2018 it had a population of 474. The kibbutz lies north to Zalafa and Salem and Highway 66 runs near it.

Mount Precipice mountain in Israel

Mount Precipice, also known as Mount of Precipitation, Mount of the Leap of the Lord and Mount Kedumim is located just outside the southern edge of Nazareth, 2.0 km southwest of the modern city center.

Eshcol is a term in the Hebrew Bible. It may refer to:

Way of the Patriarchs

Way of the Patriarchs, is an ancient north south route traversing the land of Israel. The name is used by biblical scholars because of mentions in biblical narratives that it was frequently travelled by Abraham, Isaac and Jacob.

References

  1. 1 2 3 "גבעת המורה-שמורת טבע" (in Hebrew). Yigal Alon Museum. Retrieved 15 December 2015.
  2. Genesis 12:6a
  3. John Wesley's Notes on the Bible on Deuteronomy 11:30, accessed 25 November 2015

Coordinates: 32°36′57″N35°21′49″E / 32.61583°N 35.36361°E / 32.61583; 35.36361