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The Gramm–Leach–Bliley Act (GLBA), also known as the Financial Services Modernization Act of 1999, is an act of the 106th United States Congress (1999–2001). It repealed part of the Glass–Steagall Act of 1933, removing barriers in the market among banking companies, securities companies, and insurance companies that prohibited any one institution from acting as any combination of an investment bank, a commercial bank, and an insurance company. With the passage of the Gramm–Leach–Bliley Act, commercial banks, investment banks, securities firms, and insurance companies were allowed to consolidate. Furthermore, it failed to give to the SEC or any other financial regulatory agency the authority to regulate large investment bank holding companies. The legislation was signed into law by President Bill Clinton.
This aims to be a complete list of the articles on real estate.
The National Association of Realtors (NAR) is an American trade association for those who work in the real estate industry. It has over 1.4 million members, making it one of the biggest trade associations in the USA including NAR's institutes, societies, and councils, involved in all aspects of the residential and commercial real estate industries. The organisation holds a U.S. trademark over the term "realtor", limiting the use of the term to its members. NAR also functions as a self-regulatory organization for real estate brokerage. The organization is headquartered in Chicago.
A real estate agent or broker is a person who represents sellers or buyers of real estate or real property. While a broker may work independently, an agent usually works under a licensed broker to represent clients. Brokers and agents are licensed by the state to negotiate sales agreements and manage the documentation required for closing real estate transactions. Buyers and sellers are generally advised to consult a licensed real estate professional for a written definition of an individual state's laws of agency. Many states require written disclosures to be signed by all parties outlining the duties and obligations.
The Canadian Securities Institute is a Canadian organization that offers licensing courses, advanced certifications, continuing education and custom training for financial services professionals in Canada and internationally.
The savings and loan crisis of the 1980s and 1990s was the failure of 1,043 out of the 3,234 savings and loan associations (S&Ls) in the United States from 1986 to 1995. An S&L or "thrift" is a financial institution that accepts savings deposits and makes mortgage, car and other personal loans to individual members.
Property management is the operation, control, maintenance, and oversight of real estate and physical property. This can include residential, commercial, and land real estate. Management indicates the need for real estate to be cared for and monitored, with accountability for and attention to its useful life and condition. This is much akin to the role of management in any business.
A mortgage broker acts as an intermediary who brokers mortgage loans on behalf of individuals or businesses.
The Truth in Lending Act (TILA) of 1968 is a United States federal law designed to promote the informed use of consumer credit, by requiring disclosures about its terms and cost to standardize the manner in which costs associated with borrowing are calculated and disclosed.
Prime brokerage is the generic name for a bundled package of services offered by investment banks, wealth management firms, and securities dealers to hedge funds which need the ability to borrow securities and cash in order to be able to invest on a netted basis and achieve an absolute return. The prime broker provides a centralized securities clearing facility for the hedge fund so the hedge fund's collateral requirements are netted across all deals handled by the prime broker. These two features are advantageous to their clients.
Business brokers, also called business transfer agents, or intermediaries, assist buyers and sellers of privately held businesses in the buying and selling process. They typically estimate the value of the business; advertise it for sale with or without disclosing its identity; handle the initial potential buyer interviews, discussions, and negotiations with prospective buyers; facilitate the progress of the due diligence investigation and generally assist with the business sale.
A financial adviser or financial advisor is a professional who provides financial services to clients based on their financial situation. In many countries, financial advisors must complete specific training and be registered with a regulatory body in order to provide advice.
The Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act (RESPA) was a law passed by the United States Congress in 1974 and codified as Title 12, Chapter 27 of the United States Code, 12 U.S.C. §§ 2601–2617. The main objective was to protect homeowners by assisting them in becoming better educated while shopping for real estate services, and eliminating kickbacks and referral fees which add unnecessary costs to settlement services. RESPA requires lenders and others involved in mortgage lending to provide borrowers with pertinent and timely disclosures regarding the nature and costs of a real estate settlement process. RESPA was also designed to prohibit potentially abusive practices such as kickbacks and referral fees, the practice of dual tracking, and imposes limitations on the use of escrow accounts.
The Ontario Real Estate Association (OREA) is a professional association that represents real estate brokers and salespeople who are members of Ontario's real estate boards. It has its headquarters at 15 Kern Road in Toronto.
The Real Estate and Business Brokers Acts is the legislation regulating the individual brokers and businesses registered to trade in real estate in Ontario, Canada. The most recent version, the Real Estate and Business Brokers Acts, 2002, came into force in Ontario, Canada on March 31, 2006. Sections 50 to 53, dealing with the creation of regulations, were enabled on November 7, 2005. Section 8, dealing with specialist certifications, has yet to be proclaimed. REBBA is administered by the Real Estate Council of Ontario on behalf of the Ontario Ministry of Consumer Services.
Established in 1997, the Real Estate Council of Ontario is a not-for-profit corporation that regulates the trade of real estate in Ontario in the public interest. On behalf of the Government of Ontario, it administers and enforces the Real Estate and Business Brokers Act, 2002 and its regulations.
The New York State Banking Department was created by the New York Legislature on April 15, 1851, with a chief officer to be known as the Superintendent. The New York State Banking Department was the oldest bank regulatory agency in the United States.
Fox College of Business is a private business college in Mississauga, Ontario, Canada. Fox provides business programs including diploma, certificate, seminar, workshop and custom corporate training. The motto of the college is "Stop at Perfection".
The California Department of Real Estate (DRE) is a California state agency focused on safeguarding and promoting the public interest in real estate matters through licensure, regulation, education, and enforcement. The DRE is headquartered in Sacramento and has district offices in Oakland, Fresno, Los Angeles, and San Diego. There are 435,468 real estate licensees in California as of July 2021.
A commercial mortgage broker acts as an intermediary who brokers mortgage loans on behalf of businesses or individuals who needs a commercial loan. The loan is provided by the commercial lender securing a commercial property of the borrower. In developed mortgage markets today like the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, and United Arab Emirates, mortgage brokers are the largest sellers of mortgage products for lenders.
References
- ↑ "Mortgage Brokers Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. M.39 (repealed)" . Retrieved November 2, 2008.
- ↑ "Ontario Real Estate Law". ComparaSave. June 27, 2013. Retrieved July 2, 2013.
- ↑ "Highlights of the Mortgage Brokerages, Lenders and Administrators Act, 2006". Archived from the original on July 25, 2008. Retrieved November 2, 2008.
- 1 2 "The Mortgage Brokerages, Lenders and Administrators Act, 2006 : Frequently Asked Questions" . Retrieved November 2, 2008.
- ↑ "Exemptions from licensing requirements" . Retrieved November 2, 2008.
- 1 2 "Technical changes to licensing regulations" . Retrieved November 2, 2008.
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