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Jockin Arputham was an Indian community leader and activist, known for his campaigning work of more than 40 years on issues related to slums and shanty towns. He was born in Karnataka, India and moved to Mumbai, where he quickly became politicized and established himself as a community leader. In 2014, he was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize, alongside the organisation he helped to found, Slum Dwellers International. In 2011, he received the Padma Shri in New Delhi for his contributions to social work, presented by the President of India.
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Even though mathematically more housing than needed is produced in Egypt resulting in millions of vacant homes, large portions of its residents live in inadequate housing that may lack secure tenure, safe drinking water and wastewater treatment, are crowded or are prone to collapse, as better housing is widely unaffordable. While there is also a problem with homelessness especially amongst children.
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Urban areas in the Philippines such as Metro Manila, Metro Cebu, and Metro Davao have large informal settlements. The Philippine Statistics Authority defines a squatter, or alternatively "informal dwellers", as "One who settles on the land of another without title or right or without the owner's consent whether in urban or rural areas". Squatting is criminalized by the Urban Development and Housing Act of 1992, also known as the Lina Law. There have been various attempts to regularize squatter settlements, such as the Zonal Improvement Program and the Community Mortgage Program. In 2018, the Philippine Statistics Authority estimated that out of the country's population of about 106 million, 4.5 million were homeless.
Squatting in Bangladesh occurs when squatters make informal settlements known as "bastees" on the periphery of cities such as Chittagong, Dhaka and Khulna. As of 2013, almost 35 per cent of Bangladesh's urban population lived in informal settlements.
Squatting in Thailand was traditionally permissible under customary law and adverse possession can occur after ten years of continuous occupation. As of 2015, the capital Bangkok had over 2 million squatters, out of a population of around 10 million. A survey of slums across the country noted in 2000 that most were rented not squatted; Khlong Toei District in Bangkok contains both squatters and tenants. There are also squatters in rural areas. The 1975 Agricultural Land Reform Act aimed to redistribute land to poor people under the Sor Por Kor program and as of 2019, 36 million rai of land had been assigned.
References
- ↑ "Govt to build more houses for slum people". The Daily Star. 5 August 2015. Retrieved 28 June 2019.
- ↑ "Govt housing projects in two districts in progress". The Daily Star. 15 November 2010. Retrieved 28 June 2019.
- ↑ "National Housing Authority\". nha.gov.bd. NHA. Archived from the original on 28 June 2019. Retrieved 28 June 2019.
- ↑ "Govt housing projects in two districts in progress". The Daily Star. 15 November 2010. Retrieved 28 June 2019.
- ↑ "Bhasantek Slums: Thousands evicted in NHA drive". The Daily Star. 20 February 2019. Retrieved 28 June 2019.
- ↑ "National Housing Authority implementing 34 projects". theindependentbd.com. Retrieved 28 June 2019.
- ↑ "Abuse of power: Ex-joint secy gets 5-yr jail". The Daily Star. 30 January 2019. Retrieved 28 June 2019.
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