José Daniel Ortega Saavedra is a Nicaraguan politician and the 58th president of Nicaragua since 10 January 2007. Previously, he was leader of Nicaragua from 18 July 1979 to 25 April 1990, first as Coordinator of the Junta of National Reconstruction from 19 July 1979 to 10 January 1985, and then as the 54th president from 10 January 1985 to 25 April 1990. During his first term, he implemented policies to achieve leftist reforms across Nicaragua. In later years, Ortega's left-wing radical politics cooled significantly, leading him to pursue pro-business policies and even rapprochement with the Catholic Church. However, in 2022, Ortega resumed repression of the Church, and has imprisoned prelate Rolando José Álvarez Lagos.
The Sandinista National Liberation Front is a Christian socialist political party in Nicaragua. Its members are called Sandinistas in both English and Spanish. The party is named after Augusto César Sandino, who led the Nicaraguan resistance against the United States occupation of Nicaragua in the 1930s.
The Nicaraguan Revolution began with rising opposition to the Somoza dictatorship in the 1960s and 1970s, the ouster of the dictatorship in 1978–79, and fighting between the government and the Contras from 1981 to 1990. The revolution revealed the country as one of the major proxy war battlegrounds of the Cold War.
The Communist Party of Nicaragua is a communist party in Nicaragua. Founded as the Socialist Workers' Party in 1967, the core founding members were Juan Lorio, Augusto Lorío, Elí Altamirano and Manuel Pérez Estrada, who all had been expelled from the Nicaraguan Socialist Party on 23 April 1967.
The Conservative Party was a conservative political party in Nicaragua. Its slogan was "Dios, Orden, Justicia", often depicted on the three sides of a triangle.
National Opposition Union was a Nicaraguan wide-range coalition of opposition parties formed to oppose president Daniel Ortega's Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN) in the 1990 election. Its candidate Violeta Chamorro eventually won the race. UNO traced its origins back to the Nicaraguan Democratic Coordinating Group, which was formed in 1982 by different opposition groups. At the time of the election, of the UNO coalition's fourteen political parties, four were considered conservative, seven could be characterised as centrist parties, and three – including Nicaragua's Communists – had traditionally been on the far left of the political spectrum.
The Sandinista Renovation Movement is a Nicaraguan political party founded on 21 May 1995. It defines itself as a democratic and progressive party, made of people of all genders, that promotes the construction of a Nicaragua with opportunities, progress, solidarity, democracy, and sovereignty.
The Democratic Party of National Confidence was a Nicaraguan political party founded by Agustín Jarquín and Adán Fletes after a split from Social Christian Party (PSC) in 1986. The PDCN received legal status on appeal in 1989. It was part of the National Opposition Union (UNO) coalition in 1990 and had 5 seats in the National Assembly. Jarquín was the Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN) vice-presidential candidate in the 2001 elections. In 1992 the PDCN and the Popular Social Christian Party (PPSC) formed the Christian Democratic Union (UDC).
The National Action Party is a right-wing Nicaraguan political party founded by Eduardo Rivas Gasteazoro in 1985 as a split from the Social Christian Party (PSC) in 1985. The PAN received legal status on appeal in 1989. PAN was part of the National Opposition Union (UNO) coalition and won 3 seats in the National Assembly in 1990.
The 1966 National Opposition Union was a Nicaraguan political coalition founded on October 24, 1966, by the Conservative Party (PC), the Social Christian Party (PSC) and the Independent Liberal Party (PLI) to challenge the candidacy of Anastasio Somoza Debayle in the 1967 Nicaraguan general election. The UNO nominated Fernando Agüero as their candidate.
The National Conservative Action was a right-wing conservative Nicaraguan political party founded in 1956. The ANC was part of the National Opposition Union (UNO) coalition in the 1990 elections and got two representatives in the National Assembly, out of UNO's 51. The ANC attended alone in the 1996 elections and won an assembly representative in the North Atlantic Autonomous Region (RAAN), even though it got only 0.64% of that region's votes; 311 valid votes.
Friendly bilateral relations now exist between Nicaragua and the United States. However, in the 19th and 20th centuries, tensions were high and American intervention was frequent. In the 1980s, due to Red Scare paranoia and an attempt to put down socialism in the region, the U.S proceeded to wage an undeclared war against the left-wing Sandinista movement by funding the Contra groups until it was defeated in the election in 1990.
General elections were held in Nicaragua on 25 February 1990 to elect the President and the members of the National Assembly. The result was a victory for the National Opposition Union (UNO), whose presidential candidate Violeta Chamorro surprisingly defeated incumbent president Daniel Ortega of the Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN). This led to a historic peaceful and democratic transfer of power in Nicaragua.
General elections were held in Nicaragua on February 5, 1967 to elect a president and National Congress.
The Coordinadora Democrática Nicaragüense was a coalition of three right-wing Nicaraguan parties which decided not to participate in the 1984 Nicaraguan general election and that won the 1990 Nicaraguan general election with more political parties and renamed as National Opposition Union. The parties were the Social Christians, the (right-wing) Social Democrats, and the Constitutional Liberal Party.
The Syrian opposition is an umbrella term for the Syrian rebel organizations that opposed Bashar al-Assad's Ba'athist regime during the Syrian civil war.
The Traditional Conservative Party, was a Nicaraguan political party founded in the first half of the 19th century as the Conservative Party.
Miguel de los Ángeles Mora Barberena is a Nicaraguan journalist and political candidate. With his wife Verónica Chávez, he founded cable news channel 100% Noticias. In June 2021, Mora was arrested in a wave of detentions of opposition figures and other civic leaders, including seven aspiring opposition candidates for president in the 2021 Nicaraguan general election.
