A fisheye lens is an ultra wide-angle lens that produces strong visual distortion intended to create a wide panoramic or hemispherical image. Fisheye lenses achieve extremely wide angles of view. Instead of producing images with straight lines of perspective, fisheye lenses use a special mapping, which gives images a characteristic convex non-rectilinear appearance.
The Nikon EM is a beginner's level, interchangeable lens, 35 mm film, single lens reflex (SLR) camera. It was manufactured by Nippon Kogaku K. K. in Japan from 1979 to 1982. The camera was designed for and marketed to the growing market of new women photographers then entering the SLR buyer's market. The EM uses a Seiko MFC-E focal plane shutter with a speed range of 1 to 1/1000 second plus Bulb and flash X-sync of 1/90 second. It is 86 mm (3.4 in) high, 135 mm (5.3 in) wide, 54 mm (2.1 in) deep and weighed 460 grams (16 oz). Unlike most Nikons of the time, it was available only in black. The EM has no full manual exposure mode capability, but instead was intended to be used by inexperienced photographers who could not easily master the intricacies of shutter speeds and f-stops. There were also significant changes to the EM's mechanical and electrical components to reduce its production cost relative to previous Nikon cameras: dimensional tolerances weren't as tight, there were no ball bearings in the film advance mechanism, and no high-quality titanium shutter. The introductory US list price for the body plus normal lens was only $231.
The Nikon 50 mm f/1.8D AF Nikkor is one of Nikon's 50 mm lenses. This Double-Gauss lens replaces the 50mm f/1.8 (non-D). A 50 mm prime lens is the normal lens for the 135 film format.
A kit lens is a "starter" lens which can be sold with an interchangeable-lens camera such as a single-lens reflex camera. It is generally an inexpensive lens priced at the lowest end of the manufacturer's range so as to not add much to a camera kit's price. The kit consists of the camera body, the lens, and various accessories usually necessary to get started in SLR photography. A kit lens can be sold by itself outside of a kit, particularly the ones that are moderately expensive; for instance a kit lens included in a prosumer SLR kit is often marketed as an upgrade lens for a consumer SLR. In addition, retailers often have promotions of standalone low-end SLR bodies without the lens, or a package that bundles the SLR body with one or two more expensive lenses.
The Nikon F-mount is a type of interchangeable lens mount developed by Nikon for its 35mm format single-lens reflex cameras. The F-mount was first introduced on the Nikon F camera in 1959, and features a three-lug bayonet mount with a 44 mm throat and a flange to focal plane distance of 46.5 mm. The company continues to use variations of the same lens mount specification for its film and digital SLR cameras.
The Nikon DX format is an alternative name used by Nikon corporation for APS-C image sensor format being approximately 24x16 mm. Its dimensions are about 2⁄3 those of the 35mm format. The format was created by Nikon for its digital SLR cameras, many of which are equipped with DX-sized sensors. DX format is very similar in size to sensors from Pentax, Sony and other camera manufacturers. All are referred to as APS-C, including the Canon cameras with a slightly smaller sensor.
The AF-S DX Zoom-Nikkor 18-70mm f/3.5-4.5G ED-IF is an F-mount zoom lens manufactured and sold by Nikon. Designed exclusively for use on Nikon DX format cameras, this lens covers from wide-angle to medium-telephoto range.
The Nikon AF-S DX VR Zoom-Nikkor 18-200mm f/3.5-5.6G IF-ED is an image stabilised superzoom lens manufactured by Nikon for use on Nikon DX format digital SLR cameras. It provides a single-lens "walk-around" solution for wide-angle through to telephoto shots, as well as close-up photography.
The 55-200mm AF-S lens is a medium telephoto zoom lens manufactured by Nikon for use on Nikon DX format digital SLR cameras. It comes in three variants:
The Nikon AF-S DX Nikkor 35mm f/1.8G is a lens manufactured by Nikon for use on Nikon DX format digital SLR cameras. It provides a field of view on a DX format camera similar to that of a normal lens on a 35mm film format camera.
The AF-S DX Zoom-Nikkor 12-24mm f/4G is a lens manufactured by Nikon for use on Nikon DX format digital SLR cameras. It provides an angle of view on a DX format camera similar to that of an 18-35mm lens on a 135 film format camera.
The AF DX Fisheye-Nikkor 10.5mm f/2.8G ED is a fisheye lens manufactured by Nikon for use on Nikon DX format digital SLR cameras. It provides a full 180-degree angle of view on a DX format camera.
The 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6G AF-S Zoom-Nikkor lens is a midrange zoom lens manufactured by Nikon for use on Nikon DX format digital SLR cameras. Often included as a kit lens on entry-level DSLRs, it also can be purchased separately from the camera body. Nikon first introduced the lens in 2005 and has provided three subsequent updates. Following are the four variants as of 2014:
The AF-S DX Nikkor 18-105mm f/3.5-5.6G ED VR is a superzoom lens manufactured by Nikon, introduced in August 2008 for use on Nikon DX format digital SLR cameras. This lens is sold as a kit lens for the Nikon D90, Nikon D7000, Nikon D5100, Nikon D5200 and Nikon D3200 cameras, but it also can be purchased separately from the camera body.
The Nikon 1 series is a discontinued camera line from Nikon, originally announced on 21 September 2011. The cameras utilized Nikon 1-mount lenses, and featured 1" CX format sensors.
The Nikon 1-mount is a type of interchangeable lens mount developed by Nikon for its Nikon CX format mirrorless interchangeable-lens cameras. The 1-mount was first introduced on the Nikon 1 series in 2011, and features a bayonet mount.
The Nikon PC-E Nikkor 24mm f/3.5D ED Lens is a tilt-shift, wide-angle prime lens that provides the equivalent of the corresponding view camera front movements on Nikon F-mount camera bodies. Its ultra-wide perspective control features tilt, shift and rotation capability, well-suited for architectural and nature photography.
The Nikon AF-S Zoom-Nikkor 24-120mm f/4G IF-ED VR is a 5x Standard zoom lens with a fixed maximum aperture of f/4 throughout its entire zoom range.
The AF-S DX Zoom-Nikkor 10-24mm f/3.5-4.5G ED is a lens manufactured by Nikon for use on Nikon DX format digital SLR cameras. It provides an angle of view on a DX format camera similar to that of a 15-35mm lens on a 135 film format camera.
